一、電池管理系統為什么要進行均衡管理
電(dian)(dian)(dian)池管(guan)理(li)系統是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)池甚至是(shi)整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車(che)的(de)核心(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)控部(bu)件,對提(ti)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)安全性(xing),延(yan)長電(dian)(dian)(dian)池使(shi)用壽命(ming),提(ti)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組的(de)有效(xiao)儲能(neng),估算電(dian)(dian)(dian)池剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)量具有重(zhong)要意(yi)義。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池管(guan)理(li)系統一般要求均衡管(guan)理(li),這是(shi)為什么(me)呢(ni)?
其(qi)實,電(dian)(dian)池管(guan)理系統之所以需要進行(xing)均衡管(guan)理,是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)BMS是(shi)遵循短板效應的(de)(de)(de),因(yin)為(wei)某一(yi)節電(dian)(dian)芯(xin)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓比(bi)較(jiao)低會導(dao)致(zhi)SOX的(de)(de)(de)估算(suan)直接(jie)不準(zhun),明(ming)明(ming)其(qi)他電(dian)(dian)芯(xin)還有電(dian)(dian),但是(shi)確有勁無處(chu)使,對(dui)電(dian)(dian)池包的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響還是(shi)非常大的(de)(de)(de)。
動力(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)制作(zuo)過(guo)程(cheng)中,各個電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內部(bu)存在(zai)不一致性(xing),在(zai)使用過(guo)程(cheng)中很容易造成電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)過(guo)快損耗(hao),所以(yi)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)內部(bu)需要均(jun)衡管(guan)理系統。
二、電池管理系統均衡管理方法有哪些
電池管理系統均衡管理方法主要有被動(dong)均衡和(he)主動(dong)均衡兩種:
1、被動均衡
一(yi)(yi)(yi)般采用旁路放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻實(shi)現對高能量的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)使其跟(gen)模塊(kuai)中具有最(zui)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)單體保(bao)持一(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi),該(gai)方案(an)結構(gou)簡單,容易實(shi)現,但由于(yu)每個(ge)(ge)單體并(bing)聯一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻,從(cong)而損(sun)耗電(dian)(dian)(dian)能并(bing)產生熱(re)量,給電(dian)(dian)(dian)池系(xi)統熱(re)管理提出了更(geng)高的(de)要求。
2、主動均衡
通過儲能原件實現不均衡(heng)電(dian)池間的能量轉移。該類(lei)方案普遍結構復雜,硬(ying)件成本高,對系統的可靠性設計也提出了較(jiao)(jiao)高的要求;但其能量利用率較(jiao)(jiao)高,是目(mu)前(qian)電(dian)池單體(ti)均衡(heng)研究的一個熱點。