一、電池管理系統的基本功能

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)是(shi)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)監控與控制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)，將采集(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)實(shi)時反饋給用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶，同(tong)(tong)時根(gen)據采集(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)調(diao)節參(can)數(shu)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)分(fen)發(fa)揮電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)，其功能(neng)(neng)(neng)主(zhu)要有(you)：1、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)狀態分(fen)析(xi)：SOC估(gu)算(suan)是(shi)BMS的(de)(de)(de)(de)核(he)心功能(neng)(neng)(neng)，同(tong)(tong)時也(ye)是(shi)評估(gu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車續(xu)(xu)航里程的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要參(can)數(shu)。BMS通過(guo)遍布整個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)包的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳感器檢(jian)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)參(can)數(shu)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)溫(wen)(wen)度等）信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)，由于(yu)探測的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)準確外加優秀的(de)(de)(de)(de)算(suan)法處理(li)(li)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)就可(ke)以(yi)被(bei)非常準確的(de)(de)(de)(de)計算(suan)出來。2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)安全保(bao)(bao)護：BMS能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)營(ying)造良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)環(huan)境。比如(ru)(ru)在(zai)寒(han)冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)地區(qu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率(lv)降低，這個(ge)時候(hou)BMS會(hui)(hui)調(diao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)加熱系(xi)(xi)統(tong)來讓電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)升溫(wen)(wen)使其達到舒(shu)適的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)環(huan)境；如(ru)(ru)果在(zai)夏季或者是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)發(fa)熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)，BMS會(hui)(hui)調(diao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)冷卻系(xi)(xi)統(tong)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)降溫(wen)(wen)，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)智能(neng)(neng)(neng)溫(wen)(wen)控系(xi)(xi)統(tong)大(da)大(da)提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命。3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)(liang)管理(li)(li)：充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，BMS會(hui)(hui)把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)允(yun)許(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)單(dan)體最(zui)(zui)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、最(zui)(zui)高總電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、最(zui)(zui)高溫(wen)(wen)度、當(dang)前允(yun)許(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、SOC以(yi)及當(dang)前電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)等信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)與充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)交互，從而(er)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)按照適配的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)法進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)處于(yu)高位(wei)后(hou)，BMS會(hui)(hui)限制(zhi)(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，進(jin)入(ru)到“涓流(liu)模式”（使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)真正飽和(he)、延長使用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命），直(zhi)到充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程結束(shu)最(zui)(zui)后(hou)斷開連接。4、通信(xin)(xin)(xin)：BMS把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、溫(wen)(wen)度、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、SOC等數(shu)據通過(guo)CAN通信(xin)(xin)(xin)傳遞，最(zui)(zui)終我們在(zai)儀表(biao)(biao)上才能(neng)(neng)(neng)很直(zhi)觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)看到續(xu)(xu)航里程、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)等信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)。不僅(jin)如(ru)(ru)此，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管理(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)還能(neng)(neng)(neng)對故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)信(xin)(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)分(fen)析(xi)，通過(guo)相(xiang)關策略對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)護和(he)控制(zhi)(zhi)，同(tong)(tong)時讓故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)燈點亮以(yi)便提醒車主(zhu)。5、故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)診(zhen)斷：除(chu)了通信(xin)(xin)(xin)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)外，BMS還能(neng)(neng)(neng)起到故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)診(zhen)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)。BMS會(hui)(hui)根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯(xin)參(can)數(shu)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)制(zhi)(zhi)定相(xiang)應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)閾值表(biao)(biao)，BMS通過(guo)故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)閾值表(biao)(biao)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)護并上報故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)類型(xing)，方(fang)便后(hou)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)故障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)排查以(yi)及檢(jian)修(xiu)維護。

二、電池管理系統的英文縮寫為什么

電(dian)池管(guan)理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)英(ying)文縮寫是(shi)BMS，它是(shi)英(ying)文BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM的(de)首字母縮寫，翻譯過來就是(shi)電(dian)池管(guan)理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)。隨著新能(neng)源電(dian)動汽(qi)車的(de)廣泛(fan)應用，電(dian)池的(de)容量、安全性、健(jian)康狀態與續(xu)航能(neng)力日益(yi)成為關注重點，電(dian)池管(guan)理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)通(tong)過對電(dian)池進(jin)行監控與控制，可以將(jiang)采集的(de)電(dian)池信息(xi)實(shi)時反(fan)饋給(gei)用戶，同(tong)時根據(ju)采集的(de)信息(xi)調(diao)節參數，充分(fen)發揮電(dian)池的(de)性能(neng)。

三、電池管理系統開發流程

1、電池管理系統開發的前期工作：電池管理系統的開發過程是從“確定BMS的拓撲結構”、“確定BMS的各項功能”、“動力電池特性測試”這三項工作開始的。2、電池管理系統軟硬件設計及實現：軟硬件設計及其實現是電池管理系統開發的主體工作，軟件的開發與硬件的開發工作是相輔相成的，即進行軟件開發的時候需要兼顧到各部分硬件的可執行為，而進行硬件設計的時候需要充分考慮到軟件算法復雜度。3、BMS單元測試及動力電池組整體測試：在完成電池管理系統硬件設計、制作以及軟件系統的編程、調試以后，所制訂的電池管理系統的各項基本功能就可以實現了。接下來需要做的就是大量的測試工作，其中包含BMS本身的單元測試以及整個動力電池組的整體測試。電池管理系統是一個比較復雜的系統，對開發要求較高，好的電池管理系統通常是專業的電池管理系統廠家開發出來的。

四、電池管理系統的工作原理是什么

電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)終(zhong)端(duan)模(mo)(mo)塊（主要進行(xing)(xing)(xing)數(shu)據采(cai)集，如：電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓參數(shu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)參數(shu)、溫度(du)、通信(xin)信(xin)號(hao)等）、中間控(kong)制模(mo)(mo)塊（主要與整(zheng)車系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)通訊，控(kong)制充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機等）和顯示模(mo)(mo)塊（主要進行(xing)(xing)(xing)數(shu)據呈現(xian)(xian)，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)人機交(jiao)互(hu)）三(san)部分組成，采(cai)用(yong)內部CAN總(zong)線技(ji)術(shu)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)模(mo)(mo)塊之間的(de)數(shu)據信(xin)息通訊。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)管理系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)工作時，通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)終(zhong)端(duan)模(mo)(mo)塊檢測動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組中各單體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)狀(zhuang)態來確定整(zheng)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)狀(zhuang)態，并根據它們的(de)狀(zhuang)態對動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)對應的(de)控(kong)制調整(zheng)和策略(lve)實(shi)(shi)施，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)(xian)對動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)及(ji)各單體(ti)的(de)充(chong)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)管理以保證動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)安(an)全穩定地(di)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)。