一、電池管理系統的基本功能
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)理(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)是(shi)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)監(jian)控(kong)與(yu)控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong),將采(cai)集(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)實時反饋給用(yong)(yong)戶(hu),同時根(gen)(gen)據(ju)采(cai)集(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)調(diao)節參數(shu),充(chong)(chong)(chong)分(fen)發揮電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),其功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)主要(yao)有:1、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)狀態(tai)分(fen)析:SOC估(gu)(gu)算(suan)(suan)是(shi)BMS的(de)(de)(de)(de)核心功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng),同時也是(shi)評估(gu)(gu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)車續(xu)航里(li)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)參數(shu)。BMS通過(guo)(guo)遍布(bu)整(zheng)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)包的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)感器(qi)檢(jian)測電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)參數(shu)(電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)溫度等)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi),由于(yu)探測的(de)(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)準(zhun)(zhun)確外(wai)加優秀的(de)(de)(de)(de)算(suan)(suan)法處理(li),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)剩余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)就可以(yi)被非常(chang)準(zhun)(zhun)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)計算(suan)(suan)出來(lai)。2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)安全保(bao)(bao)護:BMS能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)夠為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)營造良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)環境(jing)(jing)。比如(ru)在寒(han)冷(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率(lv)降低,這個時候BMS會調(diao)用(yong)(yong)加熱系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)來(lai)讓(rang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯升(sheng)溫使(shi)(shi)其達到舒適的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)環境(jing)(jing);如(ru)果在夏(xia)季(ji)或者是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)發熱的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下,BMS會調(diao)用(yong)(yong)冷(leng)卻系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯降溫,利用(yong)(yong)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)溫控(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)大(da)大(da)提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命。3、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)管(guan)理(li):充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時,BMS會把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)允許(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)單體(ti)最高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、最高(gao)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、最高(gao)溫度、當前(qian)(qian)允許(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、SOC以(yi)及(ji)當前(qian)(qian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)與(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設備進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)交互(hu),從(cong)而使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)按照(zhao)適配的(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和(he)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)法進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)處于(yu)高(gao)位后,BMS會限制(zhi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),進(jin)(jin)(jin)入到“涓(juan)流(liu)模式”(使(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯真正飽和(he)、延長(chang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命),直(zhi)(zhi)到充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)結束(shu)最后斷開連接。4、通信(xin)(xin):BMS把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓、溫度、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)、SOC等數(shu)據(ju)通過(guo)(guo)CAN通信(xin)(xin)傳(chuan)遞,最終我(wo)們(men)在儀表上(shang)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)很直(zhi)(zhi)觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)看到續(xu)航里(li)程(cheng)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)等信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)。不(bu)僅如(ru)此,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)理(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)還(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)對故(gu)(gu)障信(xin)(xin)息(xi)(xi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)分(fen)析,通過(guo)(guo)相關策略對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)保(bao)(bao)護和(he)控(kong)制(zhi),同時讓(rang)故(gu)(gu)障燈點亮以(yi)便提醒車主。5、故(gu)(gu)障診(zhen)斷:除了通信(xin)(xin)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)外(wai),BMS還(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)起到故(gu)(gu)障診(zhen)斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。BMS會根(gen)(gen)據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)芯參數(shu)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)制(zhi)定相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障閾(yu)值(zhi)表,BMS通過(guo)(guo)故(gu)(gu)障閾(yu)值(zhi)表對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)保(bao)(bao)護并上(shang)報(bao)故(gu)(gu)障類型,方(fang)便后期的(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)障排查以(yi)及(ji)檢(jian)修維(wei)護。
二、電池管理系統的英文縮寫為什么
電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)管理系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)英(ying)文(wen)縮(suo)寫是(shi)BMS,它是(shi)英(ying)文(wen)BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM的(de)(de)首字(zi)母縮(suo)寫,翻(fan)譯(yi)過(guo)來就是(shi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)管理系(xi)統(tong)。隨著新能源電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車的(de)(de)廣泛應用(yong),電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)容量、安全性(xing)、健康狀(zhuang)態(tai)與續航能力日益(yi)成為關注重點,電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)管理系(xi)統(tong)通過(guo)對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)進行監控與控制,可以將(jiang)采集的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)信息實時(shi)反饋給用(yong)戶,同時(shi)根(gen)據采集的(de)(de)信息調節參數,充分發(fa)揮(hui)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)性(xing)能。
三、電池管理系統開發流程
1、電池管理系統開發的前期工作:電池管理系統的開發過程是從“確定BMS的拓撲結構”、“確定BMS的各項功能”、“動力電池特性測試”這三項工作開始的。2、電池管理系統軟硬件設計及實現:軟硬件設計及其實現是電池管理系統開發的主體工作,軟件的開發與硬件的開發工作是相輔相成的,即進行軟件開發的時候需要兼顧到各部分硬件的可執行為,而進行硬件設計的時候需要充分考慮到軟件算法復雜度。3、BMS單元測試及動力電池組整體測試:在完成電池管理系統硬件設計、制作以及軟件系統的編程、調試以后,所制訂的電池管理系統的各項基本功能就可以實現了。接下來需要做的就是大量的測試工作,其中包含BMS本身的單元測試以及整個動力電池組的整體測試。電池管理系統是一個比較復雜的系統,對開發要求較高,好的電池管理系統通常是專業的電池管理系統廠家開發出來的。
四、電池管理系統的工作原理是什么
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)終(zhong)端模(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(主(zhu)要(yao)進(jin)行數(shu)據(ju)采集,如:電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓參數(shu)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流參數(shu)、溫度、通(tong)信信號(hao)等(deng))、中(zhong)間控制模(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(主(zhu)要(yao)與整(zheng)車系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)進(jin)行通(tong)訊,控制充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)等(deng))和(he)顯示模(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(主(zhu)要(yao)進(jin)行數(shu)據(ju)呈現(xian)(xian),實(shi)現(xian)(xian)人(ren)機(ji)交互)三(san)部(bu)分組(zu)成,采用內部(bu)CAN總線(xian)技術實(shi)現(xian)(xian)模(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)之間的數(shu)據(ju)信息通(tong)訊。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)工作時,通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)終(zhong)端模(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)檢測動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組(zu)中(zhong)各單(dan)體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的狀態(tai)來確定(ding)整(zheng)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的狀態(tai),并(bing)根據(ju)它(ta)們的狀態(tai)對動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)進(jin)行對應的控制調整(zheng)和(he)策略實(shi)施,實(shi)現(xian)(xian)對動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)及各單(dan)體的充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)以保(bao)證動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)安全穩定(ding)地(di)運行。