一、電動推桿是干什么用的
電動推桿(gan)又名直線(xian)驅動器,主要是由(you)電機(ji)推桿(gan)和控(kong)制裝置等(deng)機(ji)構(gou)組成(cheng)的(de)一(yi)種新型直線(xian)執(zhi)行機(ji)構(gou),可以(yi)認為是旋(xuan)轉電機(ji)在結構(gou)方面的(de)一(yi)種延伸(shen)。
電(dian)(dian)動(dong)推(tui)(tui)桿(gan)(gan)是一(yi)種(zhong)將電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的旋轉(zhuan)運動(dong)轉(zhuan)變為推(tui)(tui)桿(gan)(gan)的直線往(wang)復(fu)運動(dong)的電(dian)(dian)力驅動(dong)裝置。可用于各種(zhong)簡(jian)單或(huo)復(fu)雜(za)的工(gong)藝流程中(zhong)做為執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)機(ji)械使用,以實現遠距離控(kong)制、集中(zhong)控(kong)制或(huo)自動(dong)控(kong)制。多用于家用電(dian)(dian)器、廚具、醫療器械、汽車等(deng)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)的運動(dong)驅動(dong)單元。
二、電動推桿結構
電(dian)動推桿由驅動電(dian)機、減速齒輪(lun)、螺桿、螺母、導套、推桿、滑座、彈簧、外(wai)殼及渦輪(lun)、微動控(kong)制開關等組成。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)推桿(gan)(gan)(gan)是一(yi)種新型的電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)構(gou),電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)推桿(gan)(gan)(gan)主要由電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)、推桿(gan)(gan)(gan)和控(kong)制(zhi)裝(zhuang)置等機(ji)構(gou)組成的一(yi)種新型直線執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)構(gou),可以實現遠距離(li)控(kong)制(zhi)、集(ji)中控(kong)制(zhi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)推桿(gan)(gan)(gan)在一(yi)定范圍行(xing)程內(nei)作往返運(yun)動(dong)(dong),一(yi)般電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)推桿(gan)(gan)(gan)標準行(xing)程在,100,150,200,250,300,350,400mm,特殊行(xing)程也可根據不同(tong)應用(yong)條件要求設計(ji)定做(zuo)。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)桿可以根據不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)負(fu)荷而設(she)計不(bu)同推(tui)(tui)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)桿,一(yi)般(ban)其最(zui)大推(tui)(tui)力(li)可達6000N,空(kong)載運(yun)(yun)行(xing)速度(du)為4mm~35mm/s,電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)桿以24V/12V直(zhi)流永磁(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)為動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)源,把電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)旋轉運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)轉化(hua)為直(zhi)線往復運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)組連桿機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)來完成風門(men)、閥門(men)、閘門(men)、擋板等切換工(gong)作(zuo)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)桿作(zuo)為執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)不(bu)僅可減(jian)少采(cai)用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)所(suo)(suo)需(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)源裝(zhuang)置和輔(fu)助設(she)備,也可減(jian)少執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)量(liang)(liang)。氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)在(zai)整(zheng)個(ge)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)過程中都需(xu)(xu)要有一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)壓(ya),雖然可采(cai)用(yong)(yong)消耗量(liang)(liang)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)放大器等,但日積月累(lei),耗氣(qi)量(liang)(liang)仍是(shi)巨大的(de)(de)(de)(de)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)桿執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou),在(zai)改(gai)變(bian)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)開度(du)時(shi),需(xu)(xu)要供電(dian)(dian)(dian),在(zai)達到所(suo)(suo)需(xu)(xu)開度(du)時(shi)就可不(bu)再供電(dian)(dian)(dian),因此(ci)從節能(neng)看,電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推(tui)(tui)桿執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)比(bi)氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)執(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)有明(ming)顯節能(neng)優點(dian)。適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于遠距離操縱而廣泛用(yong)(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)、化(hua)工(gong)、冶金(jin)、礦山、輕工(gong)、交(jiao)通(tong)、船舶等部(bu)(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)風門(men)、閥門(men)、閘門(men)等機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)啟閉、物料(liao)裝(zhuang)卸、流量(liang)(liang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)等。現已被(bei)越來越多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)門(men)用(yong)(yong)它來代替機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)手、液壓(ya)閥、減(jian)速傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)構(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)自動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)裝(zhuang)置。
三、電動推桿工作原理
電動(dong)(dong)(dong)機經齒(chi)輪或蝸輪蝸桿減速后(hou),帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)一對(dui)絲桿螺母。把(ba)電機的旋轉運動(dong)(dong)(dong)變成(cheng)直(zhi)線運動(dong)(dong)(dong),利(li)用(yong)電動(dong)(dong)(dong)機正(zheng)反轉完成(cheng)推桿動(dong)(dong)(dong)作。如通過各種杠(gang)桿、搖(yao)桿或連(lian)桿等(deng)機構可完成(cheng)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)、搖(yao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)等(deng)復(fu)雜動(dong)(dong)(dong)作。通過改變杠(gang)桿力臂長(chang)度,可以增大或減小行程。
行程控制裝置:
1、蝸(gua)輪(lun)蝸(gua)桿傳動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)形式:電(dian)機齒輪(lun)上的蝸(gua)桿帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)蝸(gua)輪(lun)轉動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),使蝸(gua)輪(lun)內的小絲桿作軸向(xiang)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),由連接板(ban)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)限位(wei)桿相(xiang)應(ying)作軸向(xiang)移動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),至(zhi)所(suo)需行程(cheng)時,通(tong)過調節限位(wei)塊壓下行程(cheng)開關斷電(dian),電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機停止運轉(正反控制相(xiang)同)。
2、齒輪傳(chuan)動(dong)形式:電機通過減速齒輪后帶動(dong)安裝于內管(guan)的(de)小絲(si)桿(gan),帶動(dong)與之連接(jie)一(yi)起(qi)的(de)做軸向運(yun)行(xing)螺母,至所設(she)定(ding)的(de)行(xing)程(cheng)時(shi)螺母觸(chu)角(jiao)壓住限位開關斷開電源(yuan),電機停止運(yun)動(dong)(反向與之相同)。
可選配電位(wei)器,用以(yi)顯示推桿運行的行程狀態,還可加配編碼器,來實(shi)現分幾(ji)步走完整個行程(即走走停停)。
四、電動推桿如何選型
如果想選(xuan)擇合適的電(dian)動推桿(gan),值得特別注意以下幾點:
1、客戶使用環境,達到目的
看(kan)看(kan)你自己對電動推桿(gan)的要求,這是根據客戶不(bu)同的情況決定(ding)的。
2、推力N
每一個 品牌電動推桿的推力(li)都(dou)不一樣,還是(shi)要(yao)根據自己(ji)需要(yao)來(lai)選擇不同(tong)的推力(li),1KG=9.8N。四(si)舍五入10N=1kg往(wang)往(wang)很多客戶不會計算公式,可能會買(mai)錯型(xing)號。
3、行程mm
電動(dong)推桿的(de)(de)行(xing)程mm。是你需要的(de)(de)直線傳(chuan)動(dong)距離(li)。
4、速度mm/s
電動推桿的速度mm/s。您需要的傳動速度由mm單位計算。
5、電動推桿的電壓
DC直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)/交流(liu)(liu),一般電動推桿有DC12/24/36/48VDC和交流(liu)(liu)220V供電,必須要先確(que)定電壓后才能(neng)正確(que)選(xuan)擇型號(hao)。
6、電動推桿的安裝空間
這是(shi)最重要(yao)的(de)(de),一定要(yao)保證你(ni)的(de)(de)安裝空間,一般的(de)(de)電動推桿都是(shi)中心距安裝距離,有多余(yu)的(de)(de)位置也要(yao)計算出(chu)來。
7、電動推桿的使用頻率、壽命、溫度等要求
這些是(shi)由你使用的場合(he)、環境和(he)使用條件(jian)決(jue)定的。
廠家一般(ban)會提前根據客戶(hu)提供的(de)尺寸參數,來進行加工或(huo)定制,所以(yi)中間騰出的(de)時(shi)間也就(jiu)是我們一般(ban)所謂的(de)供貨周期(qi)。因此,在選擇電動推桿時(shi),一定要考慮到給廠家預留一段時(shi)間的(de)工期(qi),并與對方溝通(tong)好交貨時(shi)間,盡量避免工期(qi)延(yan)誤。
由于電動推(tui)桿(gan)是(shi)(shi)與其他設(she)(she)(she)備配(pei)合(he)使(shi)用的(de)輔助設(she)(she)(she)備,所(suo)以在選擇電動推(tui)桿(gan)之(zhi)前,一定不(bu)能(neng)本末倒置,先(xian)去加工(gong)或設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)設(she)(she)(she)備。而(er)首(shou)先(xian)要做的(de)是(shi)(shi),將(jiang)電動推(tui)桿(gan)的(de)尺寸(cun)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)成(cheng)要配(pei)合(he)使(shi)用的(de)設(she)(she)(she)備,否(fou)則如果尺寸(cun)不(bu)一致,要么改變電動推(tui)桿(gan)的(de)方案,要么改變設(she)(she)(she)備,過程(cheng)會很麻煩(fan)。即使(shi)最終安裝完成(cheng),仍然會影響使(shi)用性能(neng)。
還需要考慮的(de)(de)是電動推桿的(de)(de)使用(yong)頻(pin)率(lv),最常見的(de)(de)是工作(zuo)系統。一般(ban)廠家都(dou)會標注(zhu)好型號,但(dan)實際上工作(zuo)頻(pin)率(lv)是達不到的(de)(de),所以遇到價(jia)格(ge)特別低(di)的(de)(de)電動推桿要注(zhu)意,因為它(ta)的(de)(de)使用(yong)性能(neng)會大大降低(di)。