產地環境
八(ba)寶(bao)(bao)米(mi)產于(yu)廣南縣八(ba)寶(bao)(bao)鎮,八(ba)寶(bao)(bao)鎮自古有(you)“小(xiao)桂林”之稱,山(shan)清水秀,風光綺(qi)麗,魚肥(fei)米(mi)好。有(you)萬畝(mu)良田(tian)栽種八(ba)寶(bao)(bao)水稻,其中,以坡峴、壩尾、同伯(bo)、安樂等地的(de)2000畝(mu)田(tian)產的(de)八(ba)寶(bao)(bao)米(mi)最為(wei)優秀。產區海拔1131米(mi),年(nian)均降雨(yu)量1100毫米(mi),年(nian)均日照1865小(xiao)時(shi),年(nian)平均氣溫16.5℃,全年(nian)無霜期330~340天,平均相對濕度70~80%,冬無嚴寨,夏無酷暑,氣候(hou)溫和,雨(yu)量充沛,十分宜于(yu)農(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)生長。水田(tian)土(tu)壤肥(fei)沃,略(lve)帶灰(hui)黑色。1979年(nian)經農(nong)科所(suo)取土(tu)化驗證實,這些水田(tian)的(de)泥土(tu)含有(you)機質3.3136%,氮(dan)0.1789%,磷(lin)0.1257%,鉀(jia)(jia)1.2578%,酸堿(jian)度(PH值)為(wei)7.6,速效(xiao)(xiao)磷(lin)0.548,速效(xiao)(xiao)鉀(jia)(jia)0.572,堿(jian)解氮(dan)10.4881,氮(dan)碳比為(wei)10:8。
八寶(bao)稻特異(yi)品質,來源于(yu)廣南(nan)特殊的環境生態,歷朝歷代,很多(duo)人曾引種過八寶(bao)米,但都沒(mei)有成功。
品質榮譽
文山(shan)州廣(guang)(guang)南(nan)縣的(de)八(ba)寶(bao)(bao)米(mi)(mi)(mi),在歷史上被列為(wei)“貢米(mi)(mi)(mi)”,封為(wei)“皇糧”,“每歲(sui)貢百擔,專送京都(dou)”。據廣(guang)(guang)南(nan)府志記載:“八(ba)寶(bao)(bao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)每歲(sui)貢百擔,為(wei)明清(qing)兩代貢米(mi)(mi)(mi)”。八(ba)寶(bao)(bao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)色澤雪白微青,粒(li)大,質軟,味(wei)香(xiang),口感好,飯粒(li)軟而不(bu)(bu)爛,隔夜不(bu)(bu)硬,富(fu)粘性(xing),蒸(zheng)煮時間短,質地松(song)軟,味(wei)道清(qing)香(xiang),久(jiu)食(shi)不(bu)(bu)厭。以其(qi)獨特的(de)品質而享譽天(tian)下,1981年(nian)被國家列為(wei)名貴稻(dao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)之一。2001年(nian),廣(guang)(guang)南(nan)縣被授予“中(zhong)國八(ba)寶(bao)(bao)貢米(mi)(mi)(mi)之鄉”稱號。
生產情況
文山(shan)州廣南縣(xian)(xian)的(de)八寶(bao)(bao)(bao)米(mi)雖然質量(liang)優異,但長(chang)期(qi)以來,由(you)于單(dan)產(chan)低、產(chan)品價值(zhi)得不(bu)(bu)到(dao)充分體現(xian),導致群眾種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)的(de)積極性不(bu)(bu)高,形(xing)不(bu)(bu)成(cheng)規(gui)模(mo)。還存在著基(ji)地(di)規(gui)模(mo)規(gui)范化(hua)程度差(cha)(cha);農戶(hu)素(su)質參差(cha)(cha)不(bu)(bu)齊;基(ji)地(di)的(de)基(ji)礎設施薄弱(ruo);對八寶(bao)(bao)(bao)米(mi)產(chan)、供、銷(xiao)(xiao)等環節深層次拓展力度小,品牌營銷(xiao)(xiao)戰略研(yan)究不(bu)(bu)夠;龍(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)實力還不(bu)(bu)強(qiang);標準化(hua)程度低等問題。21世紀(ji)初開始,廣南縣(xian)(xian)對八寶(bao)(bao)(bao)米(mi)的(de)生產(chan)、加工、銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)進(jin)行行業(ye)(ye)管理,進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)提(ti)出(chu)(chu)“做強(qiang)做大”八寶(bao)(bao)(bao)米(mi)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)發展思路,明(ming)確了(le)發展目標,制(zhi)定(ding)了(le)發展規(gui)劃(hua),找準工作(zuo)重(zhong)點,提(ti)出(chu)(chu)了(le)具體措施,以廣南縣(xian)(xian)八寶(bao)(bao)(bao)貢米(mi)業(ye)(ye)有(you)限(xian)責(ze)任公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)為龍(long)頭(tou)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)—,逐(zhu)步(bu)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)公(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)+基(ji)地(di)+科技+農戶(hu)的(de)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)化(hua)經(jing)營模(mo)式。到(dao)2007年(nian)(nian)底,八寶(bao)(bao)(bao)米(mi)基(ji)地(di)種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積穩(wen)步(bu)發展到(dao)10.4萬(wan)畝(mu),總(zong)產(chan)4459.5萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,總(zong)產(chan)值(zhi)11594.8萬(wan)元,種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面積、總(zong)產(chan)量(liang)和總(zong)產(chan)值(zhi)分別比2000年(nian)(nian)增6.2萬(wan)畝(mu)、2648萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤和8334萬(wan)元,規(gui)模(mo)生產(chan)初步(bu)形(xing)成(cheng)。銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)量(liang)達573.8萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤,實現(xian)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)收入3578萬(wan)元,產(chan)品已銷(xiao)(xiao)往省內(nei)的(de)昆明(ming)、曲靖、紅河、玉溪(xi)、文山(shan)及省外的(de)廣東、廣西(xi)等沿海地(di)區,市場占有(you)率逐(zhu)步(bu)擴大,形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)穩(wen)定(ding)的(de)銷(xiao)(xiao)售(shou)(shou)網絡。2010該縣(xian)(xian)制(zhi)定(ding)的(de)《八寶(bao)(bao)(bao)米(mi)綜合標準》順(shun)利通過評審。
地理標志
根(gen)據《農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品地理(li)標(biao)志管理(li)辦法》規定,云南(nan)省廣南(nan)縣農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)環境保護監測站申請對“廣南(nan)八寶米(mi)”農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品實施農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品地理(li)標(biao)志保護。經(jing)過初審(shen)、專家評審(shen)和公示,符合(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)產(chan)品地理(li)標(biao)志登(deng)記程(cheng)序和條件,農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)部決定于(yu)2009年7月14日準予登(deng)記。
保護范圍
廣南八寶米產(chan)于廣南縣境內,位(wei)于云南省(sheng)東(dong)(dong)南部(bu),文(wen)山壯族(zu)苗(miao)族(zu)自(zi)治州東(dong)(dong)北部(bu),地處(chu)滇、桂、黔三省(sheng)交界處(chu)。縣轄蓮城、八寶、舊莫(mo)、那灑(sa)、者(zhe)兔(tu)5個鄉鎮(zhen)。地理(li)位(wei)置為東(dong)(dong)經104°30′-105°36′,北緯23°29′-24°28′。