無(wu)錫市白(bai)云觀位(wei)于(yu)無(wu)錫惠山三(san)茅峰北麓的(de)(de)景(jing)點“石(shi)門(men)”,傳說(shuo)為明(ming)朝禮部(bu)尚書(shu)邵寶的(de)(de)藏寶之所,故(gu)有(you)“若要石(shi)門(men)開,要等邵寶來”的(de)(de)傳說(shuo)。至今(jin)保存著大量道教文化的(de)(de)歷史遺存。
據考證,歷(li)史(shi)上(shang),從“石(shi)門下”上(shang)山,隨“七(qi)十二搖車(che)灣”拾級而(er)上(shang),分布著14個道教(jiao)(jiao)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)點,形成(cheng)了以“白(bai)(bai)云(yun)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)”為核心,以“七(qi)十二搖車(che)灣”為軸心而(er)聞名(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)道教(jiao)(jiao)文(wen)化群(qun)。據碑(bei)文(wen)記載,“白(bai)(bai)云(yun)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)”原(yuan)名(ming)(ming)(ming)“迎祥觀(guan)(guan)(guan)”,又名(ming)(ming)(ming)“紫(zi)微宮(gong)”,初(chu)建于東晉,至(zhi)(zhi)唐朝被毀,直至(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)朝萬歷(li)天啟年(nian)間,因唐朝八仙(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)呂(lv)(lv)洞(dong)賓(道教(jiao)(jiao)全真派五祖師之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi))曾在石(shi)門旁一(yi)洞(dong)內修煉過,故刻呂(lv)(lv)純(chun)陽石(shi)像一(yi)座(zuo),供奉于洞(dong)內(現仍在),該洞(dong)稱為“白(bai)(bai)云(yun)觀(guan)(guan)(guan)”,香火不(bu)絕,旁邊(bian)建一(yi)殿宇稱“紫(zi)微宮(gong)”,于今已有(you)(you)(you)600多(duo)年(nian)歷(li)史(shi)。在“文(wen)革(ge)”中(zhong)(zhong)未(wei)遭毀損的(de)(de)“三茅(mao)殿”與句容(rong)茅(mao)山的(de)(de)“三茅(mao)殿”同(tong)建同(tong)名(ming)(ming)(ming)。考證表(biao)明(ming),原(yuan)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)道教(jiao)(jiao)殿堂(tang)都(dou)建于明(ming)、清時代。這里,除了在歷(li)史(shi)上(shang)是(shi)蘇南地區較(jiao)集中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)聞名(ming)(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)道教(jiao)(jiao)活動(dong)場所(suo)之(zhi)(zhi)外,還有(you)(you)(you)著深厚(hou)的(de)(de)文(wen)化底蘊。現存乾隆(long)26年(nian)的(de)(de)碑(bei)刻,摩崖石(shi)刻“石(shi)門”,“白(bai)(bai)云(yun)洞(dong)”內的(de)(de)“此鄉可樂”、“張(zhang)仙(xian)殿”原(yuan)址的(de)(de)“水濂飛瀑”等,此外還有(you)(you)(you)“隱風石(shi)”,“出橋石(shi)”、“棋(qi)盤(pan)石(shi)”、“仙(xian)人腳”等景(jing)(jing)點,每處都(dou)有(you)(you)(you)美麗的(de)(de)傳說。
黨(dang)的(de)十(shi)一(yi)屆三中全(quan)會后,無錫市委、市政(zheng)(zheng)府積極落實黨(dang)的(de)宗(zong)教政(zheng)(zheng)策,這里的(de)道(dao)觀景點也開(kai)始了(le)(le)(le)修(xiu)復(fu)和利用(yong)。上(shang)世紀九十(shi)年(nian)(nian)代初,開(kai)始對“白(bai)(bai)云(yun)(yun)洞(dong)”局部(bu)修(xiu)復(fu),以(yi)后又(you)(you)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造了(le)(le)(le)“斗(dou)姥(lao)殿(dian)”、“財(cai)神堂(tang)”及茶室(shi)、小買賣部(bu)和食堂(tang)等(deng)配套用(yong)房,2003年(nian)(nian)5月(yue),“白(bai)(bai)云(yun)(yun)觀”道(dao)眾又(you)(you)將小買賣部(bu)改(gai)(gai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成“文昌(chang)閣”;2004年(nian)(nian)又(you)(you)鑄(zhu)1.8米(mi)高的(de)呂祖銅(tong)像一(yi)座,在(zai)“白(bai)(bai)云(yun)(yun)洞(dong)”前(qian)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)(le)“純陽殿(dian)”,同時(shi)又(you)(you)對“白(bai)(bai)云(yun)(yun)洞(dong)”進行了(le)(le)(le)保(bao)護性改(gai)(gai)建(jian)(jian)(jian),并對原“財(cai)神殿(dian)”進行了(le)(le)(le)徹底改(gai)(gai)建(jian)(jian)(jian)等(deng),使“白(bai)(bai)云(yun)(yun)觀”總建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑面積達(da)到(dao)900平(ping)方米(mi)左右(you),初顯規模(mo)。與此同時(shi),另有民眾自(zi)籌資金在(zai)原“離(li)(li)垢庵”址(zhi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造了(le)(le)(le)“離(li)(li)垢道(dao)院”;在(zai)原“紅云(yun)(yun)洞(dong)”址(zhi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)造了(le)(le)(le)“紅云(yun)(yun)洞(dong)”殿(dian)室(shi)。從“石門下”入口至“白(bai)(bai)云(yun)(yun)觀”的(de)原“七十(shi)二搖車灣”山(shan)道(dao)也已修(xiu)復(fu)成水泥臺階。“白(bai)(bai)云(yun)(yun)觀”憑(ping)借悠(you)久的(de)歷史而(er)名(ming)聲(sheng)再起,香火日(ri)益旺盛(sheng)。