多層實木復合地板鋪裝后為什么會產生較大縫隙？

多層實(shi)木復合地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)在眾(zhong)多的(de)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)中(zhong)變形(xing)量(liang)(liang)是(shi)最(zui)(zui)小的(de),變形(xing)量(liang)(liang)僅為實(shi)木地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)弦切材最(zui)(zui)大變形(xing)量(liang)(liang)的(de)1/20左(zuo)右(you)，鋪(pu)裝后(hou)(hou)不應(ying)該產生較(jiao)(jiao)大的(de)縫(feng)隙。一(yi)般情況單條(tiao)125mm寬度的(de)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)在北方(fang)地(di)(di)區最(zui)(zui)大膨(peng)脹與(yu)收(shou)縮量(liang)(liang)不會超過(guo)0.2mm。正確鋪(pu)裝后(hou)(hou)，北方(fang)地(di)(di)區夏季(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)實(shi)際含水率(lv)(lv)(lv)為12%～13%，冬季(ji)(ji)干熱(re)環境（空氣(qi)相(xiang)對(dui)濕度30%左(zuo)右(you)），地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)含水率(lv)(lv)(lv)為6%～7%。地(di)(di)熱(re)環境，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)最(zui)(zui)終平衡含水率(lv)(lv)(lv)為4%～5%。也就是(shi)說(shuo)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)鋪(pu)裝后(hou)(hou)的(de)含水率(lv)(lv)(lv)夏季(ji)(ji)（雨季(ji)(ji)）要達到12%～13%，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)處于(yu)最(zui)(zui)大實(shi)體狀態。如(ru)果地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)是(shi)打膠懸浮(fu)鋪(pu)裝,房(fang)間的(de)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)形(xing)成整(zheng)體，當含水率(lv)(lv)(lv)變化時，房(fang)間的(de)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)整(zheng)體膨(peng)脹與(yu)收(shou)縮。此時，如(ru)果房(fang)間兩側(ce)對(dui)稱擺(bai)放較(jiao)(jiao)重的(de)家具。

當(dang)冬(dong)季來臨，房(fang)間比較(jiao)(jiao)干(gan)燥，地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)必然(ran)(ran)產生收縮(suo)(suo)，由(you)于兩(liang)側重(zhong)物(wu)壓住(zhu)，勢必造成房(fang)間中(zhong)(zhong)部地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)個別地(di)(di)(di)方(fang)拉開，將累(lei)計干(gan)縮(suo)(suo)量集中(zhong)(zhong)到1條(tiao)或幾(ji)條(tiao)縫(feng)隙(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)，產生較(jiao)(jiao)大地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)縫(feng)隙(xi)。如(ru)果(guo)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)邊部不打膠,3～4m寬的(de)(de)標(biao)準房(fang)間，在(zai)地(di)(di)(di)熱環境(jing)條(tiao)件下房(fang)間地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)整(zheng)個干(gan)縮(suo)(suo)量不足5㎜，每條(tiao)地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)最大干(gan)縮(suo)(suo)量在(zai)0.2㎜以(yi)內，用(yong)肉眼很難看到的(de)(de)。不打膠便于維修(xiu)，縫(feng)隙(xi)可(ke)以(yi)均勻分布。為防止地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)竄動，地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)與墻邊之間可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)彈簧頂住(zhu)。無論(lun)家具(ju)如(ru)何擺放都(dou)可(ke)以(yi)。另(ling)外，多(duo)層實木(mu)復合地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)雖然(ran)(ran)變(bian)(bian)形小，由(you)于構造決定了多(duo)層實木(mu)復合地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)長度(du)與寬度(du)方(fang)向都(dou)變(bian)(bian)形，一般來說，地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)長度(du)是(shi)寬度(du)的(de)(de)8倍以(yi)上，同等條(tiao)件下，長度(du)方(fang)向的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形也是(shi)寬度(du)變(bian)(bian)形的(de)(de)倍數關系，因此，多(duo)層實木(mu)復合地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)端頭縫(feng)隙(xi)大于側邊縫(feng)隙(xi)也屬正常(chang)。

筆者根據多年地板鑒定和受理投訴的經驗認為：

在地(di)熱或電熱取暖的情況下(xia)，由(you)于夏(xia)季(ji)與冬季(ji)地(di)板含水率變化(hua)范圍較(jiao)大，如(ru)果多層實木復合地(di)板是打膠懸浮鋪裝，室內家具(ju)及重物對稱擺放(fang)，地(di)板不能整體自由(you)運(yun)動，一(yi)定會產生幾條(tiao)(tiao)較(jiao)大縫(feng)隙（干縮量(liang)集中(zhong)到幾條(tiao)(tiao)縫(feng)隙）。

如果多層(ceng)實木(mu)復合地(di)板是打膠懸浮(fu)鋪裝,防止產生較大縫(feng)隙的方法：

1、房間內的重(zhong)物最好(hao)放置(zhi)在房間的一(yi)側。

2、冬(dong)季(ji)用加濕(shi)器加濕(shi),最好將室(shi)內(nei)(nei)空氣濕(shi)度調(diao)整到50%～60%,減少室(shi)內(nei)(nei)平(ping)衡(heng)含水率的變化范圍(wei)。

可以選擇地(di)板側邊(bian)不(bu)打(da)膠(jiao)的懸浮鋪裝(zhuang)，側邊(bian)用彈簧頂住，保證(zheng)地(di)板不(bu)向(xiang)邊(bian)部竄動,使縫(feng)(feng)隙(xi)均(jun)勻分布。并且在(zai)地(di)板端(duan)頭(tou)接縫(feng)(feng)打(da)膠(jiao),盡量減(jian)少和避(bi)免沿(yan)單條地(di)板長(chang)度(du)(單趟地(di)板)方向(xiang)重物對稱(cheng)擺放,保證(zheng)地(di)板長(chang)度(du)方向(xiang)自由運動,減(jian)少端(duan)頭(tou)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)縫(feng)(feng)隙(xi)的機(ji)會。一旦端(duan)頭(tou)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)縫(feng)(feng)隙(xi),由于(yu)側邊(bian)沒有打(da)膠(jiao),摩擦(ca)阻力(li)小,可以用拉緊器放在(zai)單趟地(di)板兩端(duan),將(jiang)地(di)板的端(duan)頭(tou)的結(jie)合處拉緊,消除端(duan)頭(tou)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)縫(feng)(feng)隙(xi),維修方便。