一、支持橋是什么
支持橋是(shi)既無轉(zhuan)向功能又無驅(qu)動功能的車(che)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)。前(qian)置(zhi)前(qian)驅(qu)動轎車(che)的后(hou)(hou)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)為(wei)典(dian)型的支(zhi)持(chi)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)。主要由后(hou)(hou)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)總(zong)(zong)(zong)成(cheng)、橡膠(jiao)(jiao)-金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)支(zhi)承座(zuo)、后(hou)(hou)車(che)輪總(zong)(zong)(zong)成(cheng)等元件組成(cheng)。后(hou)(hou)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)總(zong)(zong)(zong)成(cheng)的前(qian)端通過橡膠(jiao)(jiao)-金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)支(zhi)承座(zuo)與(yu)(yu)車(che)身鉸(jiao)接(jie),縱臂與(yu)(yu)后(hou)(hou)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)總(zong)(zong)(zong)成(cheng)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)在(zai)一起(qi),其(qi)后(hou)(hou)端與(yu)(yu)后(hou)(hou)輪輪轂及(ji)減振(zhen)器相(xiang)連。汽(qi)車(che)行駛時,后(hou)(hou)輪和(he)后(hou)(hou)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)總(zong)(zong)(zong)成(cheng)以橡膠(jiao)(jiao)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)支(zhi)承座(zuo)為(wei)支(zhi)點相(xiang)對(dui)車(che)身轉(zhuan)動。
二、支持橋的作用
支(zhi)持(chi)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)屬于(yu)從(cong)動(dong)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),不會進行(xing)驅動(dong)和轉(zhuan)向(xiang),主要(yao)作用(yong)是承受(shou)垂(chui)直載(zai)荷,并(bing)承受(shou)縱向(xiang)力和側向(xiang)力以及這些力造(zao)成(cheng)的力矩。除了負載(zai)車(che)身重(zhong)量以外(wai),還能緩解路面顛簸、保障車(che)輛(liang)制(zhi)動(dong)、維持(chi)車(che)輛(liang)行(xing)駛等。有些單橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)驅動(dong)的三軸汽(qi)車(che),往往將后(hou)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)設計(ji)成(cheng)支(zhi)持(chi)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),掛(gua)車(che)上(shang)的車(che)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)也是支(zhi)持(chi)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao),發動(dong)機前置前驅動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)的后(hou)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)也屬于(yu)支(zhi)持(chi)橋(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)(qiao)。
三、支持橋的種類
根據使用需求和結構形式的不同,支持橋又可以(yi)細分成很多個種(zhong)類(lei),如盤(pan)式、鼓(gu)式、低(di)平板(ban)(ban)、單/雙胎、內(nei)/外置、凹式、三線(xian)六軸、特種(zhong)車(che)橋(qiao)等。其中,盤(pan)式車(che)橋(qiao)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于危化品(pin)、精密儀器、蔬菜(cai)果蔬、鮮花運(yun)輸(shu)等貨(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)“嬌貴”、對貨(huo)(huo)(huo)損率要(yao)(yao)求嚴格的運(yun)輸(shu)場景;鼓(gu)式車(che)橋(qiao)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于重型(xing)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)運(yun)輸(shu)或(huo)普通(tong)貨(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)運(yun)輸(shu),成本較低(di),維護也簡單;低(di)平板(ban)(ban)車(che)橋(qiao)、三線(xian)六軸車(che)橋(qiao)則主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于大(da)板(ban)(ban)車(che)或(huo)大(da)件運(yun)輸(shu)車(che)輛(liang),重心(xin)低(di)、穩定性和通(tong)過性強(qiang)、貨(huo)(huo)(huo)物(wu)上下車(che)方便、承重能(neng)力更強(qiang)。