一、什么是轉向橋
轉向橋通常位于掛車牽引車上,因此也稱作前橋,其結構基本相同,由兩個轉向節和一根橫梁組成,車輪裝在轉向節上。轉向的時候,通過轉向節使兩端的車輪偏轉一定的角度,實現車輛的轉向。一(yi)般情況下(xia),掛(gua)車的轉向橋除(chu)了要承(cheng)(cheng)擔轉向功(gong)能外,也要承(cheng)(cheng)受縱向力(li)(li)和(he)側(ce)向力(li)(li)造成的力(li)(li)矩。
二、什么是驅動橋
驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)是(shi)位于(yu)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統末端的一種機(ji)構(gou)(gou),驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)的功能(neng)主(zhu)(zhu)要是(shi)將發動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)的轉矩(ju)經過降(jiang)速(su)增矩(ju)、改變動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力傳(chuan)輸(shu)方(fang)向(xiang)后,分(fen)(fen)配到(dao)左右(you)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)輪,驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)車輛行駛,一般(ban)主(zhu)(zhu)要由主(zhu)(zhu)減速(su)器、差速(su)器、半軸和橋(qiao)殼等組成。如果(guo)按照(zhao)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)形式(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)類,又可(ke)以分(fen)(fen)為整體(ti)式(shi)(shi)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)和斷開式(shi)(shi)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao),但是(shi)在(zai)貨運車輛上(shang)一般(ban)使用整體(ti)式(shi)(shi)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)橋(qiao)。
三、什么是轉向驅動橋
轉向驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)橋就(jiu)是(shi)能實現車輪(lun)轉向和驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)兩(liang)種功能的車橋。對于前(qian)輪(lun)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車和全輪(lun)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車,前(qian)橋既要轉向,又要傳(chuan)遞動(dong)(dong)(dong)力,所以叫做轉向驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)橋。
四、轉向驅動橋和轉向橋、驅動橋的區別
轉向驅動橋與轉向橋的區別在于增加了驅動部分,與驅動橋的區別在于增加了轉向部分。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)向(xiang)驅動橋(qiao)的結構組成既(ji)具(ju)有一般(ban)驅動橋(qiao)所具(ju)有的主減速器(qi)、差速器(qi)及半(ban)軸;也具(ju)有一般(ban)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)向(xiang)橋(qiao)所具(ju)有的轉(zhuan)(zhuan)向(xiang)節殼體、主銷和輪轂(gu)等(deng)。
轉向驅動橋與單獨的驅動橋、轉向橋相比,其不同之處是,由于轉向所需要半軸被分為兩段,分別叫內半軸(與差速器相連接)和外半軸(與輪轂連接),二者用等角速萬向節連接起來。同時,主橋也因此分成上下兩段,分別固定在萬向節的球形支座上。轉向節軸頸做成空心,以便外半軸從中穿過。轉向節的連接叉是球狀轉向節殼體,既滿足了轉向的需要,又適應了轉向節的傳力。轉向驅動橋廣(guang)泛地應(ying)用到全(quan)輪(lun)驅動的越野汽車(che)上。