繼發性甲亢是什么意思
繼發性甲(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)(xian)功能(neng)亢(kang)進(jin)癥,是(shi)指甲(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)(xian)沒有發生病(bing)變,不是(shi)甲(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)(xian)本身(shen)的(de)疾病(bing)導致(zhi),而是(shi)由于(yu)身(shen)體(ti)其他部(bu)位出(chu)現(xian)問題,使甲(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激素(su)合成分泌增多,導致(zhi)甲(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)(xian)功能(neng)亢(kang)進(jin),可(ke)見于(yu)妊娠、藥物、腫瘤(liu)等因(yin)素(su)。
繼發性甲亢是什么原因引起的
1、妊娠
妊娠期女性體內HCG含量較高,由于HCG與促甲狀腺激素有部分結構相似,可能會激動受體細胞促進甲狀腺激素分泌,從而導致繼發性甲狀腺功能亢進癥。
2、藥物
甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功(gong)(gong)能減(jian)(jian)退時(shi),如果使(shi)用外源性(xing)甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激素過多,導致體內甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激素含量超過正常范圍,機體產生藥(yao)物性(xing)甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功(gong)(gong)能亢(kang)(kang)進(jin)癥,也是(shi)繼發性(xing)甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功(gong)(gong)能亢(kang)(kang)進(jin)癥。這時(shi),只要遵(zun)醫囑減(jian)(jian)少左甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)素鈉的用量,逐漸使(shi)體內甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激素的水平(ping)恢(hui)復(fu)正常,甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功(gong)(gong)能亢(kang)(kang)進(jin)癥的癥狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)可逐漸消失。
3、腫瘤
常見于下丘腦垂體病變(bian),如垂體促甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)素(su)瘤,會使(shi)促甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)素(su)分(fen)泌增多(duo)(duo),導致(zhi)甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)素(su)合成增多(duo)(duo),出(chu)現繼發性(xing)(xing)甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功能(neng)(neng)亢進(jin)癥。只(zhi)要將病變(bian)部位治愈后,甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)素(su)水平可(ke)(ke)以逐漸恢(hui)復(fu)正常。一(yi)些肺癌(ai)患者,可(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)出(chu)現甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)素(su)的(de)(de)分(fen)泌增多(duo)(duo),也屬于繼發性(xing)(xing)甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功能(neng)(neng)亢進(jin)癥。當肺癌(ai)得到(dao)控制或者進(jin)行靶(ba)向(xiang)治療后,甲(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功能(neng)(neng)亢進(jin)癥的(de)(de)癥狀(zhuang)(zhuang)可(ke)(ke)以逐漸緩(huan)解。
4、甲狀腺炎
部分(fen)甲狀腺(xian)炎可(ke)能導致(zhi)T3、T4增多,出現(xian)(xian)繼(ji)發性甲狀腺(xian)功能亢進癥。當患者出現(xian)(xian)疾(ji)病(bing)后,要及時到(dao)醫院的內分(fen)泌科就診,以免延(yan)誤病(bing)情。
繼發性甲亢會突眼嗎
繼發(fa)(fa)性甲亢(kang)也是會(hui)有突(tu)眼(yan),因為(wei)繼發(fa)(fa)性甲亢(kang)患者也存(cun)在著交(jiao)(jiao)感神經過度興奮。交(jiao)(jiao)感神經過度興奮,就(jiu)會(hui)引起突(tu)眼(yan),這(zhe)時候患者的眼(yan)睛突(tu)出,雙(shuang)目(mu)炯炯有神,瞬目(mu)減少,雙(shuang)眼(yan)往(wang)上看的時候,額紋不(bu)能抬起,這(zhe)種突(tu)眼(yan)稱(cheng)為(wei)良性突(tu)眼(yan)。治療這(zhe)種突(tu)眼(yan)不(bu)需要特殊(shu)治療眼(yan)睛,只需要把甲亢(kang)控制好就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)了,當(dang)甲狀腺功能逐漸(jian)恢(hui)(hui)復正常,這(zhe)種良性突(tu)眼(yan)就(jiu)會(hui)逐漸(jian)的恢(hui)(hui)復。
繼發性甲亢很少會出(chu)現惡性突眼,所以大部分的繼發性甲亢患者突眼都會得到緩解。
繼發性甲亢和原發性甲亢區別
1、發病原理
原發(fa)性甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)功(gong)能亢進(jin)癥(zheng)的(de)發(fa)病部(bu)位為甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian),由于甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)病變造(zao)成甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)激素合成與分(fen)泌增多,機體出現甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)功(gong)能亢進(jin)癥(zheng)。而(er)繼發(fa)性甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)功(gong)能亢進(jin)癥(zheng)是由于甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)以外的(de)組織發(fa)生(sheng)病變,刺(ci)激甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)組織增生(sheng),進(jin)而(er)產生(sheng)過多的(de)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)激素,發(fa)生(sheng)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀腺(xian)(xian)功(gong)能亢進(jin)癥(zheng)。
2、激素水平
促(cu)(cu)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)與甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)之間為負反饋(kui)調(diao)節(jie)機制,對于原發性甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)功(gong)能亢進癥(zheng)患者(zhe)來(lai)說,甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)升(sheng)(sheng)高,抑制促(cu)(cu)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)的釋放和分泌(mi)(mi),造成(cheng)促(cu)(cu)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)水平(ping)(ping)數值較低。而繼發性甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)功(gong)能亢進癥(zheng)多數是由(you)于下丘腦或垂體發生炎癥(zheng)、腫瘤等因素(su)(su),引起促(cu)(cu)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)水平(ping)(ping)明顯升(sheng)(sheng)高,同時甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)水平(ping)(ping)合成(cheng)、分泌(mi)(mi)增多,這時血(xue)液檢查促(cu)(cu)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)、甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)的水平(ping)(ping)均(jun)在(zai)高水平(ping)(ping)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態。
3、治療原則
原發性甲狀腺功能亢進癥主要針對原發病進行治療,繼發性甲狀腺功(gong)能亢進癥的(de)(de)患者一般針對(dui)下(xia)丘腦或垂體(ti)進行針對(dui)性的(de)(de)治療。
4、臨床表現
原發性甲(jia)狀腺功能亢(kang)進癥(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)通常發病(bing)較迅速,且會出(chu)現(xian)突眼(yan)癥(zheng)(zheng)狀,而繼發性甲(jia)狀腺功能亢(kang)進癥(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)病(bing)程(cheng)相對較慢,且較少出(chu)現(xian)突眼(yan)癥(zheng)(zheng)狀。但均可出(chu)現(xian)高代謝癥(zheng)(zheng)候群,主要包括心慌、出(chu)汗、消瘦、食欲(yu)亢(kang)進等,由于神(shen)經(jing)肌肉的(de)(de)興(xing)奮性增(zeng)高,患(huan)(huan)者(zhe)還可出(chu)現(xian)手(shou)抖、雙手(shou)震(zhen)顫(zhan)等癥(zheng)(zheng)狀,應及時就醫進行鑒別診斷。