繼發性甲亢是什么意思
繼發性甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功能亢(kang)進癥(zheng),是(shi)指(zhi)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)沒有發生病變,不是(shi)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)本身(shen)的疾病導致,而是(shi)由于身(shen)體其他(ta)部位出(chu)現問題,使甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)素(su)合成分泌增多,導致甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功能亢(kang)進,可見于妊娠、藥(yao)物、腫(zhong)瘤(liu)等(deng)因素(su)。
繼發性甲亢是什么原因引起的
1、妊娠
妊娠期女性體內HCG含量較高,由于HCG與促甲狀腺激素有部分結構相似,可能會激動受體細胞促進甲狀腺激素分泌,從而導致繼發性甲狀腺功能亢進癥。
2、藥物
甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)功能減(jian)退時,如果(guo)使用外源性甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)激(ji)素過多,導致體(ti)內甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)激(ji)素含量(liang)超過正常(chang)范圍,機體(ti)產生(sheng)藥(yao)物(wu)性甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)功能亢(kang)(kang)進(jin)癥(zheng),也(ye)是繼發性甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)功能亢(kang)(kang)進(jin)癥(zheng)。這(zhe)時,只(zhi)要遵(zun)醫(yi)囑(zhu)減(jian)少左甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)素鈉的(de)(de)用量(liang),逐漸使體(ti)內甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)激(ji)素的(de)(de)水平恢復正常(chang),甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)功能亢(kang)(kang)進(jin)癥(zheng)的(de)(de)癥(zheng)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)可逐漸消失(shi)。
3、腫瘤
常見(jian)于(yu)下丘(qiu)腦(nao)垂體(ti)病(bing)變(bian)(bian),如垂體(ti)促甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)瘤,會使促甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)分泌(mi)增(zeng)多,導致甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)合成增(zeng)多,出現繼發性(xing)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)亢進(jin)癥(zheng)。只要將病(bing)變(bian)(bian)部位治愈后,甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)水平可(ke)(ke)以逐漸恢復正常。一(yi)些肺(fei)癌患者,可(ke)(ke)能(neng)出現甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)的分泌(mi)增(zeng)多,也(ye)屬于(yu)繼發性(xing)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)亢進(jin)癥(zheng)。當(dang)肺(fei)癌得到控制或(huo)者進(jin)行靶向治療(liao)后,甲(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)亢進(jin)癥(zheng)的癥(zheng)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)可(ke)(ke)以逐漸緩解。
4、甲狀腺炎
部分(fen)甲狀腺(xian)炎(yan)可能導致T3、T4增(zeng)多,出現繼發(fa)性甲狀腺(xian)功能亢進癥(zheng)。當患(huan)者出現疾病后,要及(ji)時到醫院的內分(fen)泌科(ke)就診,以(yi)免延誤病情。
繼發性甲亢會突眼嗎
繼發(fa)性(xing)甲(jia)(jia)亢也是會(hui)有(you)突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),因為繼發(fa)性(xing)甲(jia)(jia)亢患(huan)者也存在著交(jiao)感(gan)神經(jing)過(guo)度(du)興奮(fen)。交(jiao)感(gan)神經(jing)過(guo)度(du)興奮(fen),就會(hui)引起突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),這(zhe)時候患(huan)者的(de)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)睛突(tu)(tu)出,雙目炯炯有(you)神,瞬目減少,雙眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)往上看的(de)時候,額紋不能抬起,這(zhe)種(zhong)突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)稱為良(liang)性(xing)突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。治(zhi)療(liao)這(zhe)種(zhong)突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)不需要(yao)特殊(shu)治(zhi)療(liao)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)睛,只需要(yao)把(ba)甲(jia)(jia)亢控制好(hao)就可以了,當甲(jia)(jia)狀腺功(gong)能逐漸(jian)恢復(fu)正常,這(zhe)種(zhong)良(liang)性(xing)突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)就會(hui)逐漸(jian)的(de)恢復(fu)。
繼發性(xing)甲(jia)亢(kang)很少會出(chu)現(xian)惡性(xing)突(tu)(tu)眼,所以大(da)部分的繼發性(xing)甲(jia)亢(kang)患者突(tu)(tu)眼都會得(de)到緩解(jie)。
繼發性甲亢和原發性甲亢區別
1、發病原理
原發(fa)性甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)功能(neng)(neng)亢進癥(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)部位為(wei)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),由(you)于甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)病(bing)(bing)變造成甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)素合成與分泌增多(duo),機體出現甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)功能(neng)(neng)亢進癥(zheng)(zheng)。而繼(ji)發(fa)性甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)功能(neng)(neng)亢進癥(zheng)(zheng)是由(you)于甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)以外的(de)(de)組織發(fa)生(sheng)病(bing)(bing)變,刺激(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)組織增生(sheng),進而產生(sheng)過多(duo)的(de)(de)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)素,發(fa)生(sheng)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)功能(neng)(neng)亢進癥(zheng)(zheng)。
2、激素水平
促(cu)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)與甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)之間為負反饋調(diao)節(jie)機制,對于原發(fa)性(xing)(xing)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)功能(neng)亢進癥患者來說(shuo),甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)升(sheng)高,抑(yi)制促(cu)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)的釋(shi)放和分泌,造成促(cu)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)水(shui)(shui)平數值較低。而繼(ji)發(fa)性(xing)(xing)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)功能(neng)亢進癥多(duo)數是由于下(xia)丘腦或垂體發(fa)生炎癥、腫(zhong)瘤(liu)等因(yin)素(su),引起促(cu)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)水(shui)(shui)平明顯升(sheng)高,同時(shi)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)水(shui)(shui)平合成、分泌增(zeng)多(duo),這時(shi)血液檢查促(cu)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)、甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)(ji)素(su)的水(shui)(shui)平均在(zai)高水(shui)(shui)平狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)。
3、治療原則
原發性甲狀腺功能亢進癥主要針對原發病進行治療,繼發性甲狀腺功能亢進癥(zheng)的患者一般針(zhen)(zhen)對下(xia)丘(qiu)腦或垂(chui)體進行針(zhen)(zhen)對性的治療。
4、臨床表現
原發(fa)性(xing)甲狀(zhuang)腺(xian)功(gong)能亢(kang)進(jin)癥的患者通常發(fa)病(bing)較迅(xun)速,且會出(chu)(chu)(chu)現突眼癥狀(zhuang),而(er)繼發(fa)性(xing)甲狀(zhuang)腺(xian)功(gong)能亢(kang)進(jin)癥的患者病(bing)程相對較慢,且較少出(chu)(chu)(chu)現突眼癥狀(zhuang)。但(dan)均可出(chu)(chu)(chu)現高代謝(xie)癥候群,主要包括心慌(huang)、出(chu)(chu)(chu)汗(han)、消瘦、食欲亢(kang)進(jin)等,由于神經(jing)肌肉的興(xing)奮性(xing)增高,患者還可出(chu)(chu)(chu)現手抖、雙手震顫等癥狀(zhuang),應及時就醫進(jin)行鑒別診斷。