漏電保護器誤動作怎么辦

1、接線錯誤

因用電設備接線不當、相鄰分支零線相互連接和漏電保護器極數選(xuan)擇不對(dui)而引起誤動(dong)作。如在三(san)相四線(xian)制電(dian)路(lu)中，照明和動(dong)力合用電(dian)路(lu)，錯誤地選(xuan)用三(san)極漏電(dian)保護(hu)器，單相負(fu)荷零(ling)線(xian)直接接在保護(hu)器電(dian)源側所引起的誤動(dong)作。

2、接地不當

如零線重復接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)、自耦變(bian)壓器接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)點分流(liu)、零序電(dian)流(liu)互感器回(hui)路中有金屬管電(dian)纜時(shi)其(qi)金屬管接(jie)(jie)地(di)(di)不當等引(yin)起誤動作。

3、內外過電壓

當電(dian)路中(zhong)發(fa)生(sheng)雷電(dian)過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)和(he)操作過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)，由于(yu)過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)頻率(lv)很高，對地電(dian)容(rong)(rong)阻(zu)抗很小，以(yi)致(zhi)充電(dian)電(dian)流很大，往(wang)往(wang)引起漏電(dian)保護器(qi)誤動(dong)作。為了防止出現這種情(qing)況，應換上(shang)延(yan)時(shi)型或沖擊電(dian)壓(ya)不動(dong)作型漏電(dian)保護器(qi)，或者在觸點(dian)之間并聯電(dian)容(rong)(rong)、電(dian)阻(zu)以(yi)抑(yi)制過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)。此外(wai)，也可在線(xian)路中(zhong)接入過(guo)電(dian)壓(ya)吸收裝置。

4、電磁干擾

當(dang)漏電(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)附近有磁(ci)性設備接(jie)通(tong)或大功率電(dian)器(qi)(qi)開(kai)合時(shi)，所產(chan)生的磁(ci)場(chang)會(hui)引起漏電(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)誤動(dong)作。在(zai)這種(zhong)情況下(xia)，漏電(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)的安(an)裝位(wei)置(zhi)應遠離這種(zhong)類型的設備。此外，當(dang)漏電(dian)繼(ji)電(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)的零(ling)序(xu)電(dian)流互感器(qi)(qi)和繼(ji)電(dian)器(qi)(qi)脫扣(kou)線(xian)(xian)圈分開(kai)裝在(zai)兩處(chu)時(shi)，如果二者的連接(jie)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)過長，又位(wei)于強電(dian)場(chang)或強磁(ci)場(chang)附近，漏電(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)也會(hui)發生誤動(dong)作。此時(shi)應使連接(jie)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)盡量(liang)短些，并絞合在(zai)一起穿(chuan)入鐵管，或者采用屏(ping)蔽(bi)導(dao)線(xian)(xian)，而(er)屏(ping)蔽(bi)部分再行接(jie)地。

5、環流影響

當兩臺配電(dian)(dian)(dian)變壓器(qi)(qi)并(bing)(bing)聯運(yun)行時，如果每臺變壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)中(zhong)性點各有(you)接地(di)線，由于兩臺變壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)內(nei)阻(zu)抗不(bu)可(ke)能完(wan)全相同，接地(di)線中(zhong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)出現環流。若環流很大，就會(hui)(hui)(hui)引(yin)(yin)起漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)(qi)誤動作。為避免出現這種情(qing)況，應(ying)拆去一(yi)根(gen)接地(di)線，使兩臺變壓器(qi)(qi)共用一(yi)個接地(di)極(ji)。此外(wai)，當同一(yi)變壓器(qi)(qi)通過兩條并(bing)(bing)聯回(hui)路(lu)對同一(yi)負載供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時，由于兩個分(fen)支(zhi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流不(bu)會(hui)(hui)(hui)完(wan)全相等，在回(hui)路(lu)中(zhong)也會(hui)(hui)(hui)形成環流，引(yin)(yin)起回(hui)路(lu)中(zhong)的(de)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)(qi)誤動作。在這種情(qing)況下，應(ying)將(jiang)負荷分(fen)成兩組(zu)，分(fen)別由兩個支(zhi)路(lu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，盡量避免兩臺漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)(qi)并(bing)(bing)聯運(yun)行。

6、水銀燈(deng)和(he)熒(ying)光燈(deng)回路的影響(xiang)

當(dang)水(shui)銀(yin)燈(deng)或熒(ying)光(guang)燈(deng)與(yu)其鎮流器(qi)(qi)分開安裝時，由(you)于燈(deng)與(yu)鎮流器(qi)(qi)的距(ju)離大，對地(di)電(dian)(dian)容較大，而(er)燈(deng)管(guan)電(dian)(dian)壓又是高頻波，對地(di)容抗小，因此(ci)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流增大。若回路(lu)中這種(zhong)燈(deng)較多，充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流就會引起漏電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)(qi)誤動作(zuo)。此(ci)時應減(jian)少回路(lu)中水(shui)銀(yin)燈(deng)或熒(ying)光(guang)燈(deng)的數(shu)量(liang)，縮短燈(deng)與(yu)鎮流器(qi)(qi)的距(ju)離，或者采用(yong)一、二次(ci)側絕緣的鎮流器(qi)(qi)，而(er)不采用(yong)自耦式鎮流器(qi)(qi)。

7、過(guo)載和短(duan)路的(de)影響

當漏電保護器兼有過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)保(bao)護(hu)、短路保(bao)護(hu)時，常因過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)短路保(bao)護(hu)脫扣器(qi)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)整(zheng)定不(bu)當而引起漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)誤動作。為此，應重新整(zheng)定過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)保(bao)護(hu)裝(zhuang)置的動作電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，使其與工(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)相匹配。