漏電保護器誤動作怎么辦

1、接線錯誤

因用電設備接線不當、相鄰分支零線相互連接和漏電保護器極數選擇不對而(er)引起誤動作(zuo)。如在(zai)三相(xiang)四線制電路中，照(zhao)明和動力(li)合用(yong)電路，錯(cuo)誤地(di)選用(yong)三極漏電保護器，單相(xiang)負荷零線直接(jie)接(jie)在(zai)保護器電源側所引起的(de)誤動作(zuo)。

2、接地不當

如零線重復接地、自耦變壓(ya)器接地點分(fen)流、零序電(dian)流互感器回路中有金屬管電(dian)纜(lan)時其金屬管接地不當(dang)等引起誤(wu)動(dong)作。

3、內外過電壓

當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中發生雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)操(cao)作過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)時(shi)，由于(yu)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)頻率很(hen)(hen)高，對地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容阻抗很(hen)(hen)小，以(yi)致充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)(hen)大，往(wang)往(wang)引起漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護器誤動作。為了防止(zhi)出現這種情況，應(ying)換上延(yan)時(shi)型(xing)或(huo)沖(chong)擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不動作型(xing)漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護器，或(huo)者在觸點之間(jian)并聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻以(yi)抑制過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。此外，也可(ke)在線路中接入(ru)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)吸(xi)收裝(zhuang)置。

4、電磁干擾

當(dang)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)附近(jin)有磁性設備接通或大功率電(dian)(dian)器(qi)開合(he)時(shi)，所產生的磁場會引起漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)誤動作。在(zai)這種(zhong)情況下(xia)，漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)的安裝位(wei)置(zhi)應遠(yuan)離這種(zhong)類(lei)型(xing)的設備。此(ci)外，當(dang)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)繼電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)的零序電(dian)(dian)流互感器(qi)和繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)脫扣線(xian)圈分(fen)開裝在(zai)兩處時(shi)，如果(guo)二者的連接導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)過(guo)長(chang)，又位(wei)于強電(dian)(dian)場或強磁場附近(jin)，漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)也會發生誤動作。此(ci)時(shi)應使連接導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)盡量短些，并絞(jiao)合(he)在(zai)一(yi)起穿(chuan)入鐵(tie)管，或者采用屏(ping)蔽導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)，而屏(ping)蔽部分(fen)再行接地(di)。

5、環流影響

當兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)配電(dian)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)并聯運(yun)行時(shi)，如果每臺(tai)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)性點各(ge)有接地線(xian)(xian)，由于兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)的(de)內阻抗不可能完全相同(tong)(tong)(tong)，接地線(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)會(hui)出現環(huan)流。若環(huan)流很(hen)大(da)，就(jiu)會(hui)引起漏電(dian)保護器(qi)(qi)誤動作(zuo)。為避(bi)免(mian)出現這種情況，應拆(chai)去(qu)一(yi)(yi)根接地線(xian)(xian)，使(shi)兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)共用一(yi)(yi)個接地極。此(ci)外，當同(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)通過(guo)兩(liang)(liang)條并聯回(hui)路(lu)(lu)對同(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)負載供電(dian)時(shi)，由于兩(liang)(liang)個分支(zhi)的(de)電(dian)流不會(hui)完全相等，在回(hui)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)也會(hui)形(xing)成環(huan)流，引起回(hui)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)漏電(dian)保護器(qi)(qi)誤動作(zuo)。在這種情況下，應將負荷(he)分成兩(liang)(liang)組(zu)，分別由兩(liang)(liang)個支(zhi)路(lu)(lu)供電(dian)，盡量避(bi)免(mian)兩(liang)(liang)臺(tai)漏電(dian)保護器(qi)(qi)并聯運(yun)行。

6、水銀燈和熒光燈回路的影響

當水銀燈(deng)或(huo)熒光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)與其鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)分開安裝(zhuang)時(shi)(shi)，由于燈(deng)與鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)的(de)距離大(da)(da)，對地(di)電(dian)(dian)容較大(da)(da)，而燈(deng)管電(dian)(dian)壓又是高頻波(bo)，對地(di)容抗小，因此(ci)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)增(zeng)大(da)(da)。若回(hui)路中這種燈(deng)較多，充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)就(jiu)會(hui)引(yin)起漏電(dian)(dian)保護器(qi)誤動作。此(ci)時(shi)(shi)應減少回(hui)路中水銀燈(deng)或(huo)熒光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)的(de)數量，縮(suo)短燈(deng)與鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)的(de)距離，或(huo)者(zhe)采(cai)用一、二次側絕緣的(de)鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)，而不采(cai)用自耦式(shi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)流(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)。

7、過載(zai)和短路的影(ying)響

當漏電保護器兼(jian)有(you)過電(dian)流保護、短路保護時(shi)，常因過電(dian)流短路保護脫(tuo)扣(kou)器的(de)(de)電(dian)流整(zheng)定不當而引起漏(lou)電(dian)保護器誤動(dong)作。為此，應(ying)重(zhong)新整(zheng)定過電(dian)流保護裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)動(dong)作電(dian)流，使其(qi)與工(gong)作電(dian)流相匹(pi)配。