漏電保護器誤動作怎么辦

1、接線錯誤

因用電設備接線不當、相鄰分支零線相互連接和漏電保護器極(ji)數選(xuan)擇不對而引起(qi)(qi)誤(wu)(wu)動(dong)作。如在(zai)三相四線制電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)，照明和動(dong)力合用電(dian)(dian)路(lu)，錯(cuo)誤(wu)(wu)地選(xuan)用三極(ji)漏電(dian)(dian)保護(hu)器，單相負荷零線直接接在(zai)保護(hu)器電(dian)(dian)源側所引起(qi)(qi)的誤(wu)(wu)動(dong)作。

2、接地不當

如零(ling)線重復接(jie)地、自耦(ou)變壓(ya)器(qi)接(jie)地點分(fen)流(liu)(liu)、零(ling)序電(dian)流(liu)(liu)互感器(qi)回路(lu)中有金屬管電(dian)纜時(shi)其(qi)金屬管接(jie)地不當等引起誤動作。

3、內外過電壓

當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)發生雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和操作過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓時，由(you)于(yu)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓頻率很(hen)(hen)高(gao)，對地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)阻抗很(hen)(hen)小，以致充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流很(hen)(hen)大，往往引(yin)起漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)器誤(wu)動(dong)作。為(wei)了防(fang)止出現這種情(qing)況，應換(huan)上延時型或(huo)沖擊電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓不動(dong)作型漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保護(hu)器，或(huo)者在觸點(dian)之間并(bing)聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻以抑制過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。此外，也可在線路中(zhong)接(jie)入過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓吸收裝置。

4、電磁干擾

當漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)附近有磁性設備接(jie)通或(huo)大功率(lv)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)開合時(shi)，所(suo)產生的(de)(de)磁場會(hui)引起(qi)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)誤動作。在這種情(qing)況(kuang)下，漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)的(de)(de)安裝(zhuang)位置(zhi)應(ying)遠離(li)這種類(lei)型的(de)(de)設備。此外，當漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)的(de)(de)零序電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流互感器(qi)和繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)脫(tuo)扣線(xian)圈分(fen)開裝(zhuang)在兩處時(shi)，如果二者的(de)(de)連(lian)接(jie)導(dao)線(xian)過長，又(you)位于(yu)強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場或(huo)強磁場附近，漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)也會(hui)發生誤動作。此時(shi)應(ying)使連(lian)接(jie)導(dao)線(xian)盡(jin)量短(duan)些，并絞合在一起(qi)穿入鐵管(guan)，或(huo)者采用屏蔽(bi)(bi)導(dao)線(xian)，而(er)屏蔽(bi)(bi)部分(fen)再(zai)行接(jie)地。

5、環流影響

當兩(liang)臺(tai)配電變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)并(bing)(bing)聯運行(xing)時，如(ru)果每臺(tai)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的中性(xing)點各有(you)接地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)，由于兩(liang)臺(tai)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的內阻抗不可能完全相同(tong)(tong)，接地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)中會出(chu)現環(huan)流(liu)(liu)。若環(huan)流(liu)(liu)很大(da)，就會引(yin)起(qi)(qi)漏電保(bao)護器(qi)誤動作。為避免出(chu)現這種情(qing)況(kuang)，應拆去一(yi)(yi)根接地(di)(di)(di)線(xian)，使兩(liang)臺(tai)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)共用一(yi)(yi)個接地(di)(di)(di)極(ji)。此外，當同(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)通(tong)過兩(liang)條并(bing)(bing)聯回(hui)路對(dui)同(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)負(fu)載供電時，由于兩(liang)個分(fen)支(zhi)(zhi)的電流(liu)(liu)不會完全相等，在(zai)回(hui)路中也會形(xing)成(cheng)環(huan)流(liu)(liu)，引(yin)起(qi)(qi)回(hui)路中的漏電保(bao)護器(qi)誤動作。在(zai)這種情(qing)況(kuang)下，應將負(fu)荷分(fen)成(cheng)兩(liang)組，分(fen)別由兩(liang)個支(zhi)(zhi)路供電，盡量(liang)避免兩(liang)臺(tai)漏電保(bao)護器(qi)并(bing)(bing)聯運行(xing)。

6、水銀燈和熒光燈回(hui)路的影響(xiang)

當(dang)水(shui)銀燈(deng)或(huo)熒(ying)(ying)光燈(deng)與其鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器分開(kai)安裝時，由(you)于燈(deng)與鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器的(de)(de)距(ju)離大，對(dui)地(di)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)較大，而(er)(er)燈(deng)管(guan)電(dian)(dian)壓又是(shi)高頻波，對(dui)地(di)容(rong)抗小，因此(ci)充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)增大。若回路(lu)(lu)中這種燈(deng)較多(duo)，充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)就會引(yin)起(qi)漏電(dian)(dian)保(bao)護器誤動作(zuo)。此(ci)時應(ying)減少(shao)回路(lu)(lu)中水(shui)銀燈(deng)或(huo)熒(ying)(ying)光燈(deng)的(de)(de)數量(liang)，縮短燈(deng)與鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器的(de)(de)距(ju)離，或(huo)者采(cai)(cai)用一、二次側絕緣的(de)(de)鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器，而(er)(er)不(bu)采(cai)(cai)用自耦(ou)式鎮(zhen)流(liu)(liu)器。

7、過載和(he)短路的影(ying)響

當漏電保護器兼有(you)過電(dian)(dian)流(liu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、短(duan)路保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)時，常因(yin)過電(dian)(dian)流(liu)短(duan)路保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)脫扣(kou)器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)整定不當而引起漏電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)器(qi)誤動作。為此，應重新整定過電(dian)(dian)流(liu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝置的(de)動作電(dian)(dian)流(liu)，使其與工作電(dian)(dian)流(liu)相匹配。