繼發性甲亢是什么意思
繼發(fa)性甲狀腺(xian)功能亢進(jin)癥,是指(zhi)甲狀腺(xian)沒有發(fa)生病(bing)變,不是甲狀腺(xian)本身(shen)的疾病(bing)導致(zhi),而是由于身(shen)體(ti)其他部位出現問(wen)題(ti),使甲狀腺(xian)激(ji)素合(he)成分泌(mi)增多,導致(zhi)甲狀腺(xian)功能亢進(jin),可見于妊娠、藥物、腫瘤(liu)等因素。
繼發性甲亢是什么原因引起的
1、妊娠
妊娠期女性體內HCG含量較高,由于HCG與促甲狀腺激素有部分結構相似,可能會激動受體細胞促進甲狀腺激素分泌,從而導致繼發性甲狀腺功能亢進癥。
2、藥物
甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功能(neng)減(jian)退時,如(ru)果使(shi)(shi)用外源性(xing)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)素過多(duo),導致體內甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)素含量(liang)超過正常范圍(wei),機體產生藥物性(xing)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功能(neng)亢進(jin)癥(zheng),也(ye)是繼(ji)發性(xing)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功能(neng)亢進(jin)癥(zheng)。這時,只(zhi)要遵醫囑減(jian)少左(zuo)甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)素鈉的用量(liang),逐漸(jian)使(shi)(shi)體內甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)激(ji)素的水平恢復(fu)正常,甲(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)功能(neng)亢進(jin)癥(zheng)的癥(zheng)狀(zhuang)可逐漸(jian)消失(shi)。
3、腫瘤
常見于(yu)下丘腦(nao)垂體(ti)病變,如垂體(ti)促(cu)(cu)甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)瘤,會(hui)使促(cu)(cu)甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)分泌增(zeng)多,導致甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)合成(cheng)增(zeng)多,出現繼發性甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)功(gong)能(neng)亢(kang)進(jin)癥(zheng)。只要將病變部位(wei)治愈(yu)后(hou),甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)水平可以逐(zhu)漸恢復(fu)正常。一(yi)些肺癌患者(zhe),可能(neng)出現甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)的分泌增(zeng)多,也屬于(yu)繼發性甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)功(gong)能(neng)亢(kang)進(jin)癥(zheng)。當肺癌得到(dao)控制或者(zhe)進(jin)行(xing)靶向治療后(hou),甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)功(gong)能(neng)亢(kang)進(jin)癥(zheng)的癥(zheng)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)可以逐(zhu)漸緩(huan)解。
4、甲狀腺炎
部(bu)分甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)炎可能導致(zhi)T3、T4增多,出現(xian)(xian)繼發性甲狀(zhuang)(zhuang)腺(xian)功能亢進癥。當患者出現(xian)(xian)疾病后,要(yao)及時到醫院的內分泌科就(jiu)診,以(yi)免延誤病情。
繼發性甲亢會突眼嗎
繼發(fa)性甲亢也(ye)是會(hui)有(you)突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan),因為繼發(fa)性甲亢患(huan)者也(ye)存在著(zhu)交(jiao)感神(shen)經過(guo)度興(xing)奮。交(jiao)感神(shen)經過(guo)度興(xing)奮,就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)引起(qi)突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan),這時候患(huan)者的(de)眼(yan)(yan)睛突(tu)(tu)出,雙目(mu)炯炯有(you)神(shen),瞬目(mu)減少(shao),雙眼(yan)(yan)往上看的(de)時候,額紋(wen)不能抬起(qi),這種(zhong)突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan)稱(cheng)為良性突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan)。治(zhi)(zhi)療這種(zhong)突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan)不需要(yao)特殊治(zhi)(zhi)療眼(yan)(yan)睛,只需要(yao)把甲亢控(kong)制好就(jiu)(jiu)可以了(le),當甲狀腺功能逐漸恢復正常,這種(zhong)良性突(tu)(tu)眼(yan)(yan)就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)逐漸的(de)恢復。
繼發性(xing)甲亢(kang)很少會出現惡性(xing)突眼,所以大部分的繼發性(xing)甲亢(kang)患者突眼都會得到緩解(jie)。
繼發性甲亢和原發性甲亢區別
1、發病原理
原發(fa)性甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺功(gong)能(neng)(neng)亢進癥的發(fa)病部位為甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺,由(you)于甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺病變(bian)造成(cheng)(cheng)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺激(ji)素合成(cheng)(cheng)與分泌增(zeng)多,機體出現甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺功(gong)能(neng)(neng)亢進癥。而(er)繼發(fa)性甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺功(gong)能(neng)(neng)亢進癥是由(you)于甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺以(yi)外的組(zu)(zu)織發(fa)生病變(bian),刺激(ji)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺組(zu)(zu)織增(zeng)生,進而(er)產生過多的甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺激(ji)素,發(fa)生甲(jia)(jia)(jia)狀(zhuang)腺功(gong)能(neng)(neng)亢進癥。
2、激素水平
促(cu)(cu)甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)與甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)之間為負反(fan)饋調節機(ji)制(zhi),對于原(yuan)發性(xing)甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)功能亢進癥(zheng)(zheng)患者來說,甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)升高(gao)(gao),抑制(zhi)促(cu)(cu)甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)的釋(shi)放和(he)分泌(mi),造成促(cu)(cu)甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)水(shui)(shui)平數(shu)值較低。而繼(ji)發性(xing)甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)功能亢進癥(zheng)(zheng)多數(shu)是由于下丘腦或垂體發生炎癥(zheng)(zheng)、腫瘤等因(yin)素(su)(su),引(yin)起促(cu)(cu)甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)水(shui)(shui)平明顯升高(gao)(gao),同時(shi)甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)水(shui)(shui)平合成、分泌(mi)增(zeng)多,這時(shi)血液檢(jian)查促(cu)(cu)甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)、甲(jia)狀(zhuang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)激(ji)(ji)素(su)(su)的水(shui)(shui)平均(jun)在高(gao)(gao)水(shui)(shui)平狀(zhuang)態。
3、治療原則
原發性甲狀腺功能亢進癥主要針對原發病進行治療,繼發性甲狀腺功(gong)能亢進癥(zheng)的患者一般(ban)針(zhen)對下丘腦(nao)或垂體進行(xing)針(zhen)對性(xing)的治療。
4、臨床表現
原發性(xing)甲狀腺(xian)功能亢(kang)進癥(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)患者(zhe)通常發病(bing)較(jiao)迅(xun)速,且會出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)突(tu)眼癥(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)狀,而繼發性(xing)甲狀腺(xian)功能亢(kang)進癥(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)的(de)患者(zhe)病(bing)程相對較(jiao)慢,且較(jiao)少出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)突(tu)眼癥(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)狀。但均可出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)高(gao)代謝癥(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)候群,主要包括心(xin)慌(huang)、出(chu)(chu)汗、消瘦、食欲亢(kang)進等,由于神經肌(ji)肉的(de)興奮(fen)性(xing)增(zeng)高(gao),患者(zhe)還(huan)可出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)手抖、雙(shuang)手震顫等癥(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)狀,應(ying)及時(shi)就醫進行鑒別(bie)診斷。