定(ding)(ding)(ding)安鵝(e)因產(chan)自海南省定(ding)(ding)(ding)安縣,以一年(nian)四季都(dou)能(neng)產(chan)蛋、自孵而得名。定(ding)(ding)(ding)安四季鵝(e)適應性好、抗病(bing)力強(qiang)、體(ti)型大、增(zeng)重快,覓食(shi)力強(qiang),消化率高,能(neng)充分利用野(ye)草、秸稈、遺(yi)落(luo)稻穗,甚至深埋污泥中的草根(gen)、塊莖等(deng),飼養耗糧少,成本(ben)低,年(nian)產(chan)蛋量高,肉(rou)質好,深受百(bai)姓歡迎,是定(ding)(ding)(ding)安農家的當家家禽品種。
定安鵝(e)的特點(dian)是體型(xing)中等,外貌(mao)清秀,體態(tai)呈橢圓形(xing)。喙長。虹彩黃褐(he)色(se)。頸(jing)較(jiao)細長,稍呈弓(gong)形(xing),后(hou)軀發達。產蛋期(qi)腹下單褶或雙褶,垂(chui)皮明顯。通(tong)常鵝(e)群分兩大(da)類型(xing):羽毛全白(bai),喙橘(ju)黃色(se),跖、蹼、趾橙黃色(se)頸(jing)羽、翼羽、尾羽灰(hui)褐(he)色(se),腹下乳白(bai)色(se)。
1、生長速度與產肉性能
平(ping)(ping)均(jun)體重:初生95克;30日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)1110克;60日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)2750克;90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)3830克;120日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)4060克;成年公(gong)母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)分別(bie)為(wei)5240克、4410克。仔鵝(e)(e)(e),35日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)時(shi)(shi)開始長粗毛,45日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)時(shi)(shi)腹、翼(yi)、尾部(bu)長出(chu)粗羽(yu)(yu),60日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)時(shi)(shi)長主翼(yi)羽(yu)(yu),75~80日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)長齊(qi)翅羽(yu)(yu)。90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)公(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)半凈(jing)膛(tang)屠宰(zai)率(lv)81.94%,母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)83.48%;90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)公(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)全凈(jing)膛(tang)屠宰(zai)率(lv)74.09%,母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)76.58%。成年公(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)半凈(jing)膛(tang)屠宰(zai)率(lv)86.16%,母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)87.46%;成年公(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)全凈(jing)膛(tang)屠宰(zai)率(lv)79.69%,母(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)79.11%。
2、產蛋性能(neng)與(yu)繁(fan)殖性能(neng)
母(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)平均(jun)(jun)(jun)開產(chan)(chan)日齡185天(tian)(tian)(最(zui)早的為(wei)162天(tian)(tian))。每年(nian)從(cong)9~10月(yue)產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)開始至翌年(nian)3~4月(yue)結束,年(nian)產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)2~4窩,平均(jun)(jun)(jun)年(nian)產(chan)(chan)蛋(dan)(dan)37枚,平均(jun)(jun)(jun)蛋(dan)(dan)重160克。平均(jun)(jun)(jun)蛋(dan)(dan)殼厚度0.42毫米(mi),平均(jun)(jun)(jun)蛋(dan)(dan)形指數1.38。蛋(dan)(dan)殼乳白色。公鵝(e)性成(cheng)熟期(qi)140~160天(tian)(tian),適宜(yi)配種(zhong)年(nian)齡在200天(tian)(tian)以上(shang)。公母(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)配種(zhong)比例1:(4~5)。平均(jun)(jun)(jun)種(zhong)蛋(dan)(dan)受精(jing)率84.2%,平均(jun)(jun)(jun)受精(jing)蛋(dan)(dan)孵化率94.4%。母(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)就巢(chao)性強,有(you)97%的母(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)有(you)就巢(chao)性,年(nian)就巢(chao)2~3次。公鵝(e)利用年(nian)限4~6年(nian),母(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)6~8年(nian)。