漢(han)(han)中(zhong)白(bai)豬(zhu)簡(jian)稱漢(han)(han)白(bai)豬(zhu),主(zhu)產于陜西省漢(han)(han)中(zhong)地區,屬向(xiang)脂型(xing)豬(zhu)種(zhong).主(zhu)要用(yong)蘇白(bai)豬(zhu)、巴克夏豬(zhu)和漢(han)(han)江黑(hei)豬(zhu)雜交培育而(er)成。現有(you)豬(zhu)種(zhong)多分布(bu)于漢(han)(han)中(zhong)市、南(nan)鄭縣(xian)和城固(gu)縣(xian)等(deng)(deng)地、漢(han)(han)中(zhong)白(bai)豬(zhu)適應性強、生(sheng)長快、耐(nai)粗飼、嗣體品質好。該品種(zhong)豬(zhu)頭中(zhong)等(deng)(deng)大.面(mian)微(wei)凹,耳中(zhong)等(deng)(deng)大小.向(xiang)上(shang)向(xiang)外伸展(zhan)。背腰平直,腿臀較豐滿(man)。
產地環境與分布
漢中白豬主(zhu)產區漢中市位于北亞熱帶,地(di)處東經106°51~107°10、北緯33°2~33°22之間(jian),屬亞熱帶氣(qi)候。氣(qi)候溫暖(nuan),雨(yu)(yu)量充沛,土壤肥沃(wo),農(nong)業發(fa)達。年(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫14.3℃,降雨(yu)(yu)量 871.8 ,生態(tai)環境良好(hao),主(zhu)要作物有水稻、小麥、玉米、甘薯、油菜等,農(nong)副產品(pin)豐富,青(qing)綠(lv)飼(si)料常年(nian)種植(zhi),四季不斷,為育成漢白豬提供良了(le)好(hao)的飼(si)料條(tiao)件。主(zhu)要分布(bu)于漢中市、漢中縣、勉縣、南鄭(zheng)、城固、洋(yang)縣、西(xi)鄉、寧強、鎮巴、留壩等市、縣。
品種特征
中(zhong)為脂(zhi)肉兼(jian)用型(xing)。 被毛全白,膚(fu)色全白,部(bu)分眼圈(quan)皮膚(fu)有(you)小塊(kuai)黑(hei)斑,母豬無鬃(zong)毛,少數公豬有(you);體型(xing)較(jiao)大(da),體質(zhi)結實,結構呈長方形;頭大(da)小適中(zhong),面側微凹,額部(bu)無皺(zhou)紋(wen),嘴筒中(zhong)等(deng);耳中(zhong)等(deng)大(da)小,前沖,不下垂;體軀長,背腰平直,腹部(bu)下垂不明顯,臀部(bu)豐滿度適中(zhong);有(you)效乳頭6對(dui)以(yi)上,排列整齊均勻;四肢(zhi)結實,粗壯,肢(zhi)勢正常;尾根粗,高。肋骨7對(dui);公豬無獠牙。
繁殖性能
小(xiao)公(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)110日齡(ling)(ling)(ling)、體重(zhong)(zhong)40公(gong)斤(jin)左(zuo)右時(shi)(shi)出現爬(pa)跨行(xing)為(wei),小(xiao)母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)120月(yue)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)、體重(zhong)(zhong)35~40公(gong)斤(jin)時(shi)(shi)出現第一(yi)次(ci)發(fa)情。公(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)10月(yue)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)、體重(zhong)(zhong)100公(gong)斤(jin)以(yi)上,母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)8月(yue)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)體重(zhong)(zhong)90公(gong)斤(jin)左(zuo)右時(shi)(shi)開始配種。繁(fan)殖利用年(nian)(nian)限,公(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)般(ban)為(wei)4年(nian)(nian),母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)6年(nian)(nian)。母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)發(fa)情周期一(yi)般(ban)為(wei)21 天(tian)(tian)(tian),發(fa)情持續期,經產(chan)(chan)母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)2~3天(tian)(tian)(tian),初產(chan)(chan)母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)4~5天(tian)(tian)(tian),斷乳(ru)后發(fa)情時(shi)(shi)間(jian)為(wei)7天(tian)(tian)(tian)左(zuo)右。經產(chan)(chan)母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(17頭(tou))排卵數(shu)16.06±2.77枚(mei)。妊娠(shen)期115.43±2.8天(tian)(tian)(tian)。公(gong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)次(ci)射精量(liang) 300~500毫升,精子(zi)活力0.7以(yi)上,密(mi)度中等(2億左(zuo)右)。初產(chan)(chan)母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(215窩(wo))平均產(chan)(chan)仔(zi)數(shu)9.76頭(tou);經產(chan)(chan)母(mu)(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(173窩(wo))平均產(chan)(chan)仔(zi)數(shu)11.4頭(tou),仔(zi)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)20日齡(ling)(ling)(ling)窩(wo)重(zhong)(zhong)41.46公(gong)斤(jin),60日齡(ling)(ling)(ling)斷乳(ru)窩(wo)重(zhong)(zhong)108.4公(gong)斤(jin)。