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又稱桐木關小種/星村小種，世界上較早的紅茶，亦稱紅茶鼻祖，用松針或松柴熏制而成，茶葉呈灰黑色但茶湯為深琥珀色

正山(shan)(shan)(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)，又(you)稱(cheng)拉(la)普山(shan)(shan)(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)，屬紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)類，與(yu)人(ren)工小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)合稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)。開創(chuang)(chuang)于福建省(sheng)崇安縣（1989崇安撤(che)縣設市，更(geng)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)武夷(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市）桐(tong)木地(di)區(qu)。是(shi)世(shi)界(jie)上(shang)(shang)較早的紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)，亦稱(cheng)紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)鼻祖，至今(jin)已經有400多年(nian)的歷史，由(you)福建武夷(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)深處當(dang)地(di)茶(cha)(cha)農(nong)于明朝中后(hou)(hou)期(qi)機緣之下創(chuang)(chuang)制(zhi)而成。后(hou)(hou)來在正山(shan)(shan)(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)的基礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)發展(zhan)了工夫紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)。歷史上(shang)(shang)該茶(cha)(cha)以星村(cun)為(wei)(wei)集散地(di)，故又(you)稱(cheng)星村(cun)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)。鴉片戰(zhan)爭后(hou)(hou)，帝國(guo)主義入侵，國(guo)內外茶(cha)(cha)葉市場(chang)競爭激烈(lie)，出現正山(shan)(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)與(yu)外山(shan)(shan)(shan)茶(cha)(cha)之爭，正山(shan)(shan)(shan)含(han)有正統之意，因(yin)此得(de)名(ming)。茶(cha)(cha)葉是(shi)用松針或松柴熏(xun)(xun)制(zhi)而成，有著(zhu)非常濃烈(lie)的香味。因(yin)為(wei)(wei)熏(xun)(xun)制(zhi)的原因(yin)，茶(cha)(cha)葉呈灰黑色(se)，但茶(cha)(cha)湯為(wei)(wei)深琥珀色(se)。正山(shan)(shan)(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)產地(di)在福建省(sheng)武夷(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市，受原產地(di)保護。

“正(zheng)山(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)”紅(hong)(hong)茶一詞在歐洲(zhou)較早稱 WUYI BOHEA，其(qi)中WUYI 是(shi)武(wu)夷的(de)(de)(de)諧音；在歐洲(zhou)（英國）它(ta)是(shi)中國茶的(de)(de)(de)象征，后因貿易繁榮，當地人為(wei)區(qu)別其(qi)它(ta)假冒的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)紅(hong)(hong)茶（人工(gong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)或煙小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)）擾亂(luan)市場，故(gu)取名為(wei)“正(zheng)山(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)”，“正(zheng)山(shan)”指(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)桐木(mu)及與桐木(mu)周邊(bian)相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)海拔；相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)地域；用相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)一種(zhong)傳統工(gong)藝制作(zuo)；品質(zhi)相(xiang)同(tong)(tong)，獨(du)具桂圓湯味的(de)(de)(de)統稱“正(zheng)山(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)”，“正(zheng)山(shan)”既指(zhi)正(zheng)確正(zheng)宗的(de)(de)(de)意義，而(er)“小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)”是(shi)指(zhi)其(qi)茶樹品種(zhong)為(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)葉(xie)種(zhong)，且產(chan)(chan)地地域及產(chan)(chan)量受地域的(de)(de)(de)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)氣候所限之意；故(gu)“正(zheng)山(shan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)”又(you)稱桐木(mu)關小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)種(zhong)。