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一.產品介紹

武(wu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)縣(xian)種植鐵(tie)皮石斛歷史(shi)(shi)悠久，相(xiang)傳(chuan)唐(tang)朝年(nian)間(jian)，曾為(wei)(wei)唐(tang)高宗、武(wu)則天等五代皇帝做過御醫的養生大(da)師(shi)葉法善晚年(nian)隱居于武(wu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)西南山區（原宣(xuan)(xuan)平(ping)縣(xian)）一帶，為(wei)(wei)后人留下許多御用秘方(fang)，而(er)武(wu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)鐵(tie)皮石斛正是這(zhe)些組方(fang)、遺方(fang)中(zhong)的精華(hua)所在(zai)。明朝崇禎丙子年(nian)修訂(ding)的《宣(xuan)(xuan)平(ping)縣(xian)志》（1958年(nian)原宣(xuan)(xuan)平(ping)縣(xian)撤(che)銷建制并入(ru)武(wu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)縣(xian)）記載(zai)，“石斛，俗名(ming)(ming)吊蘭……以沙石栽之或以物盛掛檐下，經(jing)年(nian)不死，俗名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)千年(nian)潤。”明確了武(wu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)鐵(tie)皮石斛人工栽培已有370多年(nian)歷史(shi)(shi)。 近年(nian)來，武(wu)義(yi)(yi)(yi)鐵(tie)皮石斛產(chan)(chan)業發(fa)展迅(xun)速，先后獲得中(zhong)國義(yi)(yi)(yi)烏（國際(ji)）森林產(chan)(chan)品(pin)博覽(lan)會金(jin)獎、金(jin)華(hua)市優(you)質(zhi)農產(chan)(chan)品(pin)金(jin)獎等獎項；同時被評為(wei)(wei)浙(zhe)江名(ming)(ming)牌(pai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)、金(jin)華(hua)名(ming)(ming)牌(pai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)、浙(zhe)江名(ming)(ming)牌(pai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)、金(jin)華(hua)市知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)商品(pin)稱號等榮譽稱號。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因(yin)素

1、地(di)理(li)地(di)貌 武(wu)義鐵皮(pi)石斛種植(zhi)于(yu)武(wu)義縣(xian)中(zhong)南(nan)部(bu)山(shan)區，屬(shu)仙霞(xia)嶺山(shan)脈，丹霞(xia)地(di)貌帶。地(di)勢南(nan)高北(bei)低(di)，三面環(huan)山(shan)，峰巒疊嶂，丘陵蜿蜒(yan)起伏，植(zhi)被豐富。海拔(ba)千米以(yi)上的(de)山(shan)峰有(you)(you)(you)79座，最(zui)高峰牛頭山(shan)國家(jia)森林(lin)公園位于(yu)武(wu)義、遂昌(chang)兩(liang)縣(xian)交界(jie)，峰高1560米，為(wei)浙(zhe)中(zhong)第一峰。境內(nei)(nei)森林(lin)茂密，覆蓋率達(da)85.93%（全縣(xian)森林(lin)覆蓋率達(da)72%），自然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境優越，非常適宜鐵皮(pi)石斛的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長。 2、土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)質(zhi)地(di) 保(bao)護區內(nei)(nei)有(you)(you)(you)紅壤(rang)、黃壤(rang)、巖石性(xing)(xing)土(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻土(tu)(tu)5個土(tu)(tu)類(lei)，主(zhu)要為(wei)紅壤(rang)、黃壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)呈地(di)域性(xing)(xing)和(he)垂直分布，PH值為(wei)5.5-7.5，微(wei)酸(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)或酸(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)，土(tu)(tu)質(zhi)肥沃(wo)，富含有(you)(you)(you)機質(zhi)（山(shan)地(di)有(you)(you)(you)機質(zhi)平(ping)均含量達(da)4.03%），保(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)保(bao)肥能力強(qiang)，排灌條件好。 3、水(shui)(shui)(shui)文 境內(nei)(nei)中(zhong)部(bu)由東(dong)至西以(yi)大(da)殿(dian)嶺至樊嶺為(wei)界(jie)，形成(cheng)南(nan)北(bei)兩(liang)大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)。南(nan)部(bu)河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)入麗江(jiang)大(da)溪(xi)，屬(shu)甌(ou)江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)，主(zhu)要河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)(you)東(dong)溪(xi)與西溪(xi)，以(yi)及(ji)(ji)兩(liang)溪(xi)匯流(liu)(liu)(liu)后的(de)午溪(xi)（宣平(ping)溪(xi)）；北(bei)部(bu)河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)入金華婺江(jiang)，屬(shu)錢塘江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)，主(zhu)要河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)為(wei)武(wu)義江(jiang)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)一二級支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)麻(ma)陽港、熟溪(xi)等。保(bao)護區內(nei)(nei)大(da)小(xiao)河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)密布，均屬(shu)山(shan)溪(xi)性(xing)(xing)河(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，上游為(wei)崇山(shan)峻嶺，源短流(liu)(liu)(liu)急，河(he)床狹(xia)窄比降(jiang)大(da)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)量豐沛，洪枯明顯。水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)清(qing)澈(che)、純凈。建(jian)有(you)(you)(you)宣平(ping)溪(xi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)（庫(ku)容3105萬立方）、源口水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)（庫(ku)容2220萬立方）兩(liang)座中(zhong)型水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)均達(da)到國家(jia)Ⅱ級飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)標準，是理(li)想的(de)農業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活用水(shui)(shui)(shui)。 4、氣(qi)候 武(wu)義鐵皮(pi)石斛種植(zhi)區域屬(shu)亞(ya)熱帶季風氣(qi)候。年均氣(qi)溫(wen)16.9℃，年際間(jian)在16.2～17.6℃范圍內(nei)(nei)變動。1月(yue)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)4.8℃，7月(yue)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)28.4℃。年最(zui)低(di)溫(wen)-8℃、最(zui)高溫(wen)39℃，極端(duan)溫(wen)度日數少。年均降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)1524毫米，相對濕度為(wei)81%。年均日照(zhao)(zhao)1838小(xiao)時，日照(zhao)(zhao)率41%。無(wu)霜(shuang)期279天。山(shan)間(jian)云(yun)霧繚繞，夏(xia)季涼爽。

三.地域范圍

武義(yi)鐵(tie)皮(pi)石斛農(nong)產品地理標(biao)志地域保(bao)護范圍(wei)，東至(zhi)泉溪(xi)(xi)鎮(zhen)車蘇和千丈巖(yan)，南到三(san)港(gang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)三(san)港(gang)村，西起西聯鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)大坑(keng)下，北至(zhi)白(bai)姆鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)張坑(keng)和長蛇形(xing)村，地理坐(zuo)標(biao)為東經(jing)119°28′—119°55′，北緯(wei)28°32′—28°50′，包括武義(yi)縣(xian)王(wang)宅鎮(zhen)、白(bai)姆鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、泉溪(xi)(xi)鎮(zhen)、俞源鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、熟(shu)溪(xi)(xi)街(jie)道、坦洪(hong)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、柳城鎮(zhen)、桃溪(xi)(xi)鎮(zhen)、新宅鎮(zhen)、西聯鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大田鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、三(san)港(gang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大溪(xi)(xi)口鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)等13個鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)街(jie)道95個行(xing)政村。可種植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)2388.7公頃(qing)，2011年種植面(mian)(mian)積(ji)(ji)452公頃(qing)。

四.產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)特(te)性特(te)征

1、外(wai)在感(gan)(gan)(gan)官特征 1.1鮮(xian)品 莖(jing)(jing)(jing)黃(huang)(huang)綠色，縱紋(wen)色淺。花(hua)黃(huang)(huang)綠色。略(lve)具(ju)青草香氣，味淡或(huo)微(wei)(wei)甜，嚼之初有(you)黏(nian)滑感(gan)(gan)(gan)，繼有(you)濃厚粘滯感(gan)(gan)(gan)。園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)柱(zhu)形(xing)(xing)，橫斷面圓(yuan)形(xing)(xing)，節間微(wei)(wei)胖；節明顯，節間1.3 cm～1.7cm，不分(fen)(fen)枝，莖(jing)(jing)(jing)粗2mm～6mm，葉(xie)二列(lie)，互生，矩(ju)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)狀披(pi)針形(xing)(xing)，基部下延為(wei)抱莖(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)鞘，邊緣和(he)中肋(lei)常帶淡紫(zi)(zi)色，葉(xie)鞘常具(ju)紫(zi)(zi)斑，老時其上緣與莖(jing)(jing)(jing)松離而張開，并且留下1個環(huan)狀鐵(tie)青的(de)間隙。總狀花(hua)序常從葉(xie)的(de)老莖(jing)(jing)(jing)上部發(fa)出，具(ju)花(hua)2朵～3朵；萼片和(he)花(hua)瓣黃(huang)(huang)綠色，長(chang)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)狀披(pi)針形(xing)(xing)，長(chang)約1.8cm，寬4mm～5mm。 1.2干品（鐵(tie)皮(pi)楓斗(dou)） 黃(huang)(huang)綠色。略(lve)具(ju)青草香氣，味淡，后(hou)微(wei)(wei)甜，嚼之初有(you)黏(nian)滑感(gan)(gan)(gan)，繼有(you)濃厚粘滯感(gan)(gan)(gan)，無渣滓(zi)。呈螺(luo)旋形(xing)(xing)或(huo)彈(dan)簧狀，一(yi)般為(wei)3～5個旋紋(wen)，莖(jing)(jing)(jing)拉直(zhi)后(hou)長(chang)3.5cm～8 cm，直(zhi)徑(jing)0.2cm～0.3 cm，表面有(you)細縱皺紋(wen)，質堅實(shi)，易折(zhe)斷，斷面平坦(tan)。 2、內在品質指(zhi)標 2.1鮮(xian)品 水(shui)分(fen)(fen)≤88%，粗多糖(tang)(tang)（以葡(pu)萄糖(tang)(tang)計）≥25%（干燥后(hou)）。 2.2干品(鐵(tie)皮(pi)楓斗(dou)) 水(shui)分(fen)(fen)≤12%，灰分(fen)(fen)≤6.0%，酸(suan)不溶性灰分(fen)(fen)≤1.2%，浸出物≥6.5％，粗多糖(tang)(tang)（以無水(shui)葡(pu)萄糖(tang)(tang)計）≥25%，甘(gan)露(lu)糖(tang)(tang)與葡(pu)萄糖(tang)(tang)峰(feng)面積比為(wei)2.4～8.0，甘(gan)露(lu)糖(tang)(tang)13.0％～38.0％。 2.3、安全要(yao)求 執(zhi)行浙江省地(di)方標準《無公害 鐵(tie)皮(pi)石斛》（DB33/635.4-2007）的(de)標準。

五.特定生(sheng)產方(fang)式

1、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)擇(ze) 武(wu)義鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)擇(ze)在(zai)(zai)距離交通(tong)主(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)道(dao)100m以(yi)(yi)外，遠離廠(chang)礦企業(ye)等(deng)(deng)(deng)污(wu)染源，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態環境良(liang)好(hao)，水源充分(fen)(fen)，具(ju)有(you)可(ke)持續生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)河谷、山谷坡地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和(he)(he)臺坡地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)等(deng)(deng)(deng)區(qu)域(yu)。基(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)海拔高(gao)(gao)度(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)250～800米(mi)(mi)間(jian)(jian)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤肥沃，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)大(da)(da)(da)于30cm，排灌良(liang)好(hao)，相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)集中(zhong)連片，可(ke)專業(ye)化(hua)、規模(mo)化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。大(da)(da)(da)氣(qi)、水質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)條(tiao)(tiao)件必須符(fu)合(he)(he)浙江省地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方標準《無(wu)公(gong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)》產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)環境（DB33/T635.1-2007）的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求。 2、品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求 選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)性(xing)、抗逆性(xing)強(qiang)，豐產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)性(xing)、商品(pin)(pin)性(xing)好(hao)，有(you)效成分(fen)(fen)含量高(gao)(gao)，適(shi)宜(yi)當地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)“仙斛(hu)(hu)1號(hao)”、“仙斛(hu)(hu)2號(hao)”等(deng)(deng)(deng)優(you)良(liang)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)（品(pin)(pin)系）。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)種(zhong)(zhong)苗(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原植(zhi)物應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)《中(zhong)國植(zhi)物志》收(shou)(shou)(shou)載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蘭科(ke)植(zhi)物鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)物特征，并經過(guo)鑒定(ding)確認(ren)。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)植(zhi)物組(zu)織(zhi)培(pei)養(yang)技術培(pei)育鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)苗(miao)、原球(qiu)(qiu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)誘導(dao)苗(miao)和(he)(he)不定(ding)芽(ya)誘導(dao)苗(miao)。原球(qiu)(qiu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)繼代(dai)控制在(zai)(zai)3代(dai)～5代(dai)，不定(ding)芽(ya)繼代(dai)控制在(zai)(zai)3代(dai)以(yi)(yi)內(nei)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)該為(wei)非污(wu)染、無(wu)爛莖(jing)(jing)(jing)、爛根、黃葉(xie)(xie)，葉(xie)(xie)齡(ling)在(zai)(zai)4片以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，正(zheng)常展開，葉(xie)(xie)色嫩綠或(huo)翠綠。苗(miao)株高(gao)(gao)≥2.5厘(li)米(mi)(mi)，莖(jing)(jing)(jing)粗≥0.2厘(li)米(mi)(mi)。 3、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程管(guan)理(li) 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)過(guo)程嚴格(ge)按照《有(you)機(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)》第一(yi)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)：生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)（GB/T19630.1-2005）的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)標準化(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，確保(bao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)。 3.1場(chang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)準備 栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)設施(shi)(shi)搭建(jian)前(qian)先(xian)(xian)深翻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤20cm～30cm，暴(bao)曬(shai)，表面撒生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)100kg/667平方米(mi)(mi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)深翻消毒(du)。架(jia)設玻璃溫(wen)(wen)室或(huo)大(da)(da)(da)棚，配置遮(zhe)陽(yang)網(wang)、噴霧和(he)(he)灌溉等(deng)(deng)(deng)設備設施(shi)(shi)。開溝(gou)(gou)作畦，畦寬1.2m～1.4m、長(chang)(chang)≤40m；畦面呈(cheng)龜背型，畦高(gao)(gao)約15cm；開好(hao)畦溝(gou)(gou)、圍(wei)溝(gou)(gou)，使溝(gou)(gou)溝(gou)(gou)相(xiang)通(tong)，并有(you)出水口。 3.2鋪設基(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 要(yao)(yao)(yao)求土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)深大(da)(da)(da)于30cm，將(jiang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鋪在(zai)(zai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)上(shang)，高(gao)(gao)約10cm，可(ke)播種(zhong)(zhong)共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)菌菌種(zhong)(zhong)。基(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)選(xuan)擇(ze)松鱗、苔蘚、植(zhi)物根、莖(jing)(jing)(jing)、葉(xie)(xie)及(ji)碎石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)片等(deng)(deng)(deng)。基(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)前(qian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)該經堆制發酵(jiao)3～4天(tian)處理(li)，含水量控制在(zai)(zai)60%左右(you)。 3.3種(zhong)(zhong)苗(miao)移(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai) 移(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)宜(yi)在(zai)(zai)3月(yue)(yue)下旬～10月(yue)(yue)底。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)清(qing)水將(jiang)組(zu)培(pei)苗(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)根部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)培(pei)養(yang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)充分(fen)(fen)清(qing)洗干(gan)(gan)(gan)凈。移(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，以(yi)(yi)2株～4株為(wei)一(yi)叢，按10cm×10cm行(xing)(xing)(xing)株距栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)。 3.4移(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)后肥水溫(wen)(wen)管(guan)理(li) 在(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)陽(yang)降低(di)光(guang)(guang)照。鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)適(shi)宜(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)為(wei)15℃～28℃，栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)棚內(nei)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)低(di)于45℃，高(gao)(gao)于0℃。在(zai)(zai)入冬季之前(qian)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)對(dui)(dui)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)抗凍煉(lian)苗(miao)并適(shi)當降溫(wen)(wen)。越冬的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)候，要(yao)(yao)(yao)注意保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)。基(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)偏干(gan)(gan)(gan)為(wei)好(hao)，栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)后視植(zhi)株生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)情(qing)況，在(zai)(zai)第三天(tian)開始可(ke)以(yi)(yi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)第一(yi)次澆水。若(ruo)遇天(tian)氣(qi)干(gan)(gan)(gan)旱，可(ke)結合(he)(he)追(zhui)肥進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)灌水。伏天(tian)干(gan)(gan)(gan)旱，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)早晚噴水，切勿在(zai)(zai)陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)暴(bao)曬(shai)下進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。雨季時(shi)(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)清(qing)溝(gou)(gou)理(li)墑，加(jia)深畦溝(gou)(gou)和(he)(he)排水溝(gou)(gou)，及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)排水。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)周后開始施(shi)(shi)肥，禁(jin)止施(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)學肥料、城市(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)、醫(yi)院垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)、工(gong)業(ye)垃(la)圾(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)糞便，只施(shi)(shi)腐熟(shu)有(you)機(ji)肥或(huo)商品(pin)(pin)有(you)機(ji)肥，以(yi)(yi)保(bao)證生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)(an)全(quan)。 3.5病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)草(cao)害(hai)(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi) 栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)(zhong)后要(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)工(gong)除草(cao)和(he)(he)松土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，禁(jin)止使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)任(ren)何除草(cao)劑。病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)遵循“預防(fang)(fang)(fang)為(wei)主(zhu)、綜合(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)植(zhi)保(bao)方針，優(you)先(xian)(xian)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)預處理(li)、清(qing)理(li)場(chang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)周圍(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)雜物、棚內(nei)外嚴格(ge)隔離，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)遮(zhe)蔭網(wang)，合(he)(he)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)通(tong)風、降濕(shi)。綜合(he)(he)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)物理(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)措施(shi)(shi)，開展以(yi)(yi)竹醋液、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)、黑光(guang)(guang)燈誘殺以(yi)(yi)及(ji)其他生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物農(nong)(nong)藥、礦物農(nong)(nong)藥等(deng)(deng)(deng)綜合(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。禁(jin)止使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)學合(he)(he)成農(nong)(nong)藥，防(fang)(fang)(fang)止有(you)毒(du)有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)物質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)(dui)鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)環境的(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)染。 4、產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)與加(jia)工(gong) 采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)兩年(nian)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)上(shang)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)植(zhi)株。鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)可(ke)全(quan)年(nian)按成熟(shu)度(du)(du)分(fen)(fen)批分(fen)(fen)期進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于制作鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)楓(feng)斗(dou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，則11月(yue)(yue)至次年(nian)4月(yue)(yue)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)。采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)前(qian)對(dui)(dui)所(suo)有(you)器具(ju)、運輸車輛、包裝物等(deng)(deng)(deng)檢修、清(qing)洗、消毒(du)。采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)后及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)取(qu)樣，檢測多糖、水份等(deng)(deng)(deng)，貯藏陰涼潮(chao)濕(shi)處，防(fang)(fang)(fang)凍。鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)楓(feng)斗(dou)加(jia)工(gong)：將(jiang)鮮鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)莖(jing)(jing)(jing)在(zai)(zai)炭(tan)火(huo)上(shang)微烤(kao)(kao)(kao)，并不斷翻動，使受熱均勻，撿較(jiao)長(chang)(chang)者酌予(yu)剪斷成約5～7cm長(chang)(chang)。烤(kao)(kao)(kao)至枝(zhi)條(tiao)(tiao)柔軟時(shi)(shi)(shi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)雙手的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)拇指、食指、中(zhong)指夾(jia)住莖(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)兩端，緩緩用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)力扭曲，邊(bian)扭邊(bian)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)，待繞成了3～5環，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手指壓成螺(luo)旋形圓柱狀(zhuang)，再用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)牛皮(pi)(pi)紙固定(ding)，置通(tong)風處放置數(shu)日(ri)，拆去紙條(tiao)(tiao)，再在(zai)(zai)炭(tan)火(huo)上(shang)烘烤(kao)(kao)(kao)至干(gan)(gan)(gan)。 5、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄(lu) 建(jian)立鐵(tie)(tie)(tie)皮(pi)(pi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斛(hu)(hu)田間(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)檔案、加(jia)工(gong)檔案。記(ji)錄(lu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤、灌溉水、空氣(qi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)環境質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量狀(zhuang)況和(he)(he)小氣(qi)候資料；如(ru)實記(ji)載(zai)育苗(miao)、移(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)投入品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)名稱(cheng)、來源、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)法(fa)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量和(he)(he)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)日(ri)期，病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)草(cao)害(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和(he)(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)況；產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian)、采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)量、鮮重和(he)(he)加(jia)工(gong)、干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥、干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥減(jian)重、運輸、貯藏以(yi)(yi)及(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)加(jia)工(gong)培(pei)訓情(qing)況。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄(lu)實行(xing)(xing)(xing)專人(ren)負責，及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)歸(gui)檔，保(bao)存期三年(nian)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)。

六.包裝標識相關規定

1、包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang) 包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)材(cai)料符合食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)生要求(qiu)，應(ying)(ying)干燥、清(qing)(qing)潔、無(wu)毒、無(wu)異氣味(wei)，不影響產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)。包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)應(ying)(ying)牢固、防(fang)潮、整潔。 2、標(biao)(biao)識(shi) 銷售的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)標(biao)(biao)簽(qian)應(ying)(ying)標(biao)(biao)明產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)名(ming)(ming)稱、產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)、采(cai)摘日期(qi)（或(huo)(huo)包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)日期(qi)）、凈含量(liang)、保(bao)質(zhi)期(qi)、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)編號(hao)、生產(chan)(chan)單(dan)位(wei)（或(huo)(huo)經銷單(dan)位(wei)）名(ming)(ming)稱和地(di)(di)址。標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使用(yong)人(ren)應(ying)(ying)在(zai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或(huo)(huo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)上(shang)標(biao)(biao)有(you)“武(wu)(wu)義鐵皮(pi)(pi)石斛(hu)”字(zi)樣和農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)公(gong)共標(biao)(biao)識(shi)。經認證獲得無(wu)公(gong)害、綠色或(huo)(huo)有(you)機產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵皮(pi)(pi)石斛(hu)可在(zai)包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)上(shang)加貼相(xiang)應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)。 3、貯藏 選擇(ze)清(qing)(qing)潔、衛(wei)生、無(wu)污染的(de)(de)(de)(de)場所。嚴(yan)(yan)禁(jin)與(yu)有(you)毒、有(you)害、有(you)異味(wei)、易污染的(de)(de)(de)(de)物品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)放(fang)在(zai)一起。 4、運(yun)輸 產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)輸應(ying)(ying)選擇(ze)清(qing)(qing)潔、衛(wei)生、無(wu)污染的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)輸工(gong)具，運(yun)輸過程應(ying)(ying)防(fang)止(zhi)雨(yu)淋、暴曬。嚴(yan)(yan)禁(jin)與(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)他(ta)有(you)毒有(you)害物混運(yun)。 5、標(biao)(biao)識(shi)管理(li) 地(di)(di)域范(fan)圍內的(de)(de)(de)(de)武(wu)(wu)義鐵皮(pi)(pi)石斛(hu)生產(chan)(chan)經營者，在(zai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或(huo)(huo)包(bao)(bao)(bao)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)上(shang)使用(yong)已獲得等級(ji)保(bao)護的(de)(de)(de)(de)武(wu)(wu)義鐵皮(pi)(pi)石斛(hu)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)，須(xu)向登記證書持有(you)人(ren)提(ti)出申請，并簽(qian)訂相(xiang)關合同(tong)，按照相(xiang)關要求(qiu)規范(fan)生產(chan)(chan)和使用(yong)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)，統(tong)一采(cai)用(yong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)名(ming)(ming)稱和農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)公(gong)共標(biao)(biao)識(shi)相(xiang)結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)識(shi)標(biao)(biao)注方(fang)法(fa)。