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一.產品介紹
據《朱口鎮志》記載(zai),朱口小(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)主要種(zhong)植在朱口鎮王坑(keng)、赤坑(keng)、寨色、石(shi)輞(wang)四個村,名(ming)聞邵武(wu)、太(tai)寧(ning)、將樂(le)、建寧(ning)等縣市,歷史(shi)種(zhong)植本地(di)(di)品(pin)種(zhong)。本地(di)(di)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)品(pin)種(zhong)含(han)脂(zhi)肪多、營養(yang)(yang)豐富、香(xiang)酥(su)味(wei)厚,特(te)別(bie)(bie)是精(jing)制加工(gong)后(hou)的(de)(de)成(cheng)品(pin)“朱口鹽酥(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”歷史(shi)悠久、馳(chi)名(ming)遠(yuan)近,邵武(wu)市面銷售的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)如貼有(you)“朱口鹽酥(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”商標,則銷售一空(kong)。著名(ming)作家馮敏飛所著《兵部尚書(shu)佚事(shi)》有(you)述:“朱口是泰寧(ning)最大的(de)(de)鎮,那(nei)些(xie)小(xiao)山巒(luan),都是紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu),一雨成(cheng)漿,一旱成(cheng)石(shi)。就因(yin)為(wei)(wei)此吧,那(nei)種(zhong)的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)特(te)別(bie)(bie)結實(shi),味(wei)道也別(bie)(bie)致。當地(di)(di)人(ren)(ren)加工(gong)又特(te)別(bie)(bie),先用鹽水煮,煮了(le)曬(shai),曬(shai)了(le)焙,又香(xiang)又脆(cui)。那(nei)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)個兒(er)小(xiao)小(xiao),但非常(chang)飽(bao)滿(man),跟別(bie)(bie)的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)明顯區別(bie)(bie),如同(tong)南方人(ren)(ren)與北方人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)個兒(er)。吃起來,更(geng)難忘(wang)”。 經過當地(di)(di)多年馴化栽(zai)培,因(yin)獨有(you)的(de)(de)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)類型和氣(qi)候條件(jian),如今已逐漸(jian)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)當地(di)(di)特(te)色品(pin)種(zhong),因(yin)其(qi)(qi)殼薄(bo)、籽(zi)小(xiao)、飽(bao)滿(man)、香(xiang)脆(cui)而得名(ming)。朱口小(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)果莢(jia)較普通(tong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)略小(xiao)。外(wai)殼薄(bo),紋理較普通(tong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)清晰,顏色更(geng)深,略顯紅(hong)色。經晾曬(shai)后(hou),百莢(jia)重124.4g~128.6g,平均127.2g,百仁重50~51g,平均50.6g,籽(zi)粒較普通(tong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)更(geng)為(wei)(wei)飽(bao)滿(man)、完整(zheng),口感更(geng)為(wei)(wei)香(xiang)脆(cui)。朱口小(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)營養(yang)(yang)豐富,其(qi)(qi)中蛋(dan)白(bai)質含(han)量為(wei)(wei)20-25%,脂(zhi)肪含(han)量40-50%。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)仁中維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素C含(han)量≥4.0mg/100g,鉀含(han)量≥600 mg/100g。
二(er).自然生態環境和人文歷史因素(su)
1、土(tu)壤(rang)地貌情況:朱口(kou)鎮土(tu)壤(rang)類型多為(wei)砂礫巖(yan)酸性紫色(se)土(tu),即(ji)紫泥田(tian)或紫泥沙田(tian),鉀的(de)成份含量特(te)別(bie)高。境(jing)內除較開闊的(de)溪谷(gu)盆地,沿低山丘(qiu)陵和(he)溪澗(jian)山坡之間(jian)還有大(da)小成串的(de)段(duan)、垅、坑、坡,分布著面積不等(deng)的(de)水(shui)田(tian)、旱地,這些田(tian)塊依靠山澗(jian)泉水(shui)和(he)山塘蓄水(shui)灌溉(gai),土(tu)地肥沃。
2、水文情況:境內水資源(yuan)豐富(fu),有朱溪(xi)(xi)、上將溪(xi)(xi)、下將溪(xi)(xi),最大的朱溪(xi)(xi)源(yuan)于邵武(wu)市大埠崗(gang)道峰山,經大埠崗(gang)、龍湖、從梅林入(ru)境,貫穿朱口鎮(zhen)至音山村出境注(zhu)入(ru)杉溪(xi)(xi),集雨面積522.3平方公里(li),主溪(xi)(xi)長46.2公里(li)。 朱口小籽(zi)花生種(zhong)植區內無大型工廠,灌(guan)溉水均來自山泉水,不受污染(ran),無“三廢”排放和空氣污染(ran),也沒有重金屬污染(ran)歷史。
3、氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)情況:朱口鎮(zhen)地處武(wu)夷山(shan)脈(mo)東南側迎風坡,屬中(zhong)亞熱帶季風型(xing)山(shan)地性氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)。夏季受海洋性氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)影響有(you)東南風,冬季受西北冷空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)侵襲,又具有(you)大(da)陸性氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)特征(zheng)。氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)具有(you)夏無酷暑(shu),冬無嚴寒,溫(wen)和濕潤,四季分明(ming)等特點。朱口鎮(zhen)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)溫(wen)和,熱量充足,年(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)時間1700小時,一(yi)年(nian)(nian)當(dang)中(zhong)7月最熱,最高氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)39℃,1月份(fen)最冷,最低氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)零(ling)下5℃,年(nian)(nian)平均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)17℃,11月下旬初霜,3月中(zhong)旬終霜,年(nian)(nian)無霜期260天(tian)左(zuo)右。相對濕度80%,年(nian)(nian)平均降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水日數為130天(tian)~175天(tian),年(nian)(nian)平均降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)量1750毫米。降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)水在季節上分配(pei)極不(bu)平衡,變化幅度大(da),每年(nian)(nian)3~6月為雨(yu)季,每次降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)多(duo)在3天(tian)以(yi)上,這一(yi)時間的(de)(de)雨(yu)量占全年(nian)(nian)雨(yu)量的(de)(de)60%,特別是5、6兩個(ge)月,雨(yu)量集中(zhong),降(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)強度大(da),極易引(yin)發(fa)洪、澇(lao)和泥石流及山(shan)體(ti)滑坡等災害。
4、人文(wen)歷史情況:朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)小(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)根據加工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)不同,可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)鹽酥(su)(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)和炒花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),產品(pin)形態以朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)鹽酥(su)(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。據《朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)鎮(zhen)志(zhi)》記載(zai),朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)小(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)主(zhu)要種(zhong)植在(zai)朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)鎮(zhen)王坑、赤坑、寨色、石(shi)輞四個(ge)(ge)(ge)村,名(ming)聞邵武(wu)、太寧(ning)、將樂(le)、建寧(ning)等縣市,歷史種(zhong)植本地(di)(di)品(pin)種(zhong)。本地(di)(di)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)品(pin)種(zhong)含脂肪多(duo)、營養豐富(fu)、香(xiang)(xiang)酥(su)(su)味(wei)厚(hou),特(te)(te)(te)別(bie)(bie)(bie)是精(jing)制加工(gong)后(hou)的(de)(de)成品(pin)“朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)鹽酥(su)(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”歷史悠久、馳名(ming)遠(yuan)近,邵武(wu)市面(mian)銷售(shou)的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)如貼有(you)“朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)鹽酥(su)(su)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”商(shang)標,則銷售(shou)一空(kong)。著(zhu)名(ming)作家馮敏飛所(suo)著(zhu)《兵部尚(shang)書(shu)佚(yi)事》有(you)述:“朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)是泰(tai)寧(ning)最大的(de)(de)鎮(zhen),那些小(xiao)山巒(luan),都是紅壤土,一雨成漿,一旱成石(shi)。就因為(wei)(wei)此(ci)吧,那種(zhong)的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)特(te)(te)(te)別(bie)(bie)(bie)結實(shi),味(wei)道(dao)也別(bie)(bie)(bie)致(zhi)。當(dang)地(di)(di)人加工(gong)又特(te)(te)(te)別(bie)(bie)(bie),先用(yong)鹽水煮(zhu),煮(zhu)了曬(shai),曬(shai)了焙,又香(xiang)(xiang)又脆。那花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)個(ge)(ge)(ge)兒小(xiao)小(xiao),但非常飽滿,跟別(bie)(bie)(bie)的(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)明顯(xian)區別(bie)(bie)(bie),如同南方人與北方人的(de)(de)個(ge)(ge)(ge)兒。吃(chi)起來,更(geng)難(nan)忘”。經過當(dang)地(di)(di)多(duo)年(nian)地(di)(di)訓化栽(zai)培,因獨有(you)的(de)(de)土壤類型和氣候條件(jian),如今已(yi)逐漸成為(wei)(wei)當(dang)地(di)(di)特(te)(te)(te)色品(pin)種(zhong),因其殼薄、籽(zi)小(xiao)、飽滿、香(xiang)(xiang)脆而得名(ming),故名(ming)“朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)小(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”。一直以來,朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)小(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)都作為(wei)(wei)當(dang)地(di)(di)群眾探親訪友、請(qing)客(ke)送禮的(de)(de)首(shou)選佳品(pin),在(zai)泰(tai)寧(ning)縣及周邊縣市享有(you)很高的(de)(de)知名(ming)度(du)(du)和認可度(du)(du)。近年(nian)來,隨著(zhu)泰(tai)寧(ning)旅游業的(de)(de)發展(zhan),朱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)小(xiao)籽(zi)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)當(dang)地(di)(di)旅游購物(wu)的(de)(de)首(shou)選產品(pin)之一。
三.地域范圍
朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)小籽(zi)花(hua)生產于(yu)(yu)福(fu)建省泰寧縣朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)鎮(zhen)。朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)鎮(zhen)位于(yu)(yu)泰寧縣東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)部,地(di)處東(dong)(dong)經東(dong)(dong)經117°10′~117°15′,北(bei)(bei)緯26°54′~26°58′,東(dong)(dong)南(nan)鄰將樂縣,西(xi)南(nan)連杉城鎮(zhen),西(xi)北(bei)(bei)與(yu)上青鄉(xiang)交界,東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)和(he)(he)邵武市接壤,區域總面積114.5平方公里(li),耕(geng)地(di)面積3.96萬(wan)畝(mu),現實際種植(zhi)朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)小籽(zi)花(hua)生面積4200畝(mu),產量600噸。朱(zhu)(zhu)口(kou)鎮(zhen)地(di)勢較為平坦,屬典型的(de)丘陵地(di)貌,氣候溫(wen)和(he)(he)濕潤,四(si)季分明,水利資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)豐富(fu)(fu),植(zhi)被良(liang)好(hao),又有泰寧世界地(di)質(zhi)公園“石輞十里(li)大峽谷”的(de)瑰麗(li)景(jing)點(dian),礦(kuang)業及旅游(you)等資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)豐富(fu)(fu)。
四.產(chan)品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)特(te)性特(te)征
1、外在感官特征(zheng):果莢較普通(tong)(tong)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)略(lve)(lve)小。外殼(ke)薄,紋理較普通(tong)(tong)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)清晰,顏(yan)色(se)更深,略(lve)(lve)顯(xian)紅(hong)色(se)。經晾曬后,百莢重(zhong)124.4g~128.6g,平均127.2g,百仁重(zhong)50~51g,平均50.6g,籽粒較普通(tong)(tong)花(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)更為飽滿、完整,口感更為香脆。
2、內(nei)在(zai)品(pin)質(zhi)指標:朱口小籽(zi)花生營養豐富,其中蛋白(bai)質(zhi)含量為20-25%,脂肪(fang)含量40-50%。花生仁中維生素C含量≥4.0mg/100g,鉀含量≥600 mg/100g。
3、安全要求:入市花生必須達到無公害食(shi)品花生(NY5303—2005)的衛生指標。
五.特定(ding)生(sheng)產方式(shi)
1、外(wai)在感官特征:果(guo)莢(jia)較(jiao)普通(tong)花(hua)生略小。外(wai)殼薄,紋理(li)較(jiao)普通(tong)花(hua)生清晰,顏色更深,略顯紅色。經晾(liang)曬后,百莢(jia)重(zhong)124.4g~128.6g,平均(jun)127.2g,百仁重(zhong)50~51g,平均(jun)50.6g,籽粒較(jiao)普通(tong)花(hua)生更為飽(bao)滿、完整,口感更為香脆。
2、內(nei)在品質指標:朱口小籽花生營養豐富(fu),其中蛋白質含量為(wei)20-25%,脂肪含量40-50%。花生仁中維生素C含量≥4.0mg/100g,鉀含量≥600 mg/100g。
3、安全要求:入市花(hua)生(sheng)必須達到無(wu)公害食品花(hua)生(sheng)(NY5303—2005)的衛生(sheng)指標。