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一.產品介紹

永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)黃(huang)(huang)椒是福(fu)建省永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)地(di)(di)方特色農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)之一(yi)，栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)歷史悠久(jiu)，迄今已有幾百年歷史。在《永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)縣志(zhi)(zhi)》（萬(wan)歷本）卷四田賦(fu)志(zhi)(zhi)“物(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)”和《永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)縣志(zhi)(zhi)》（順治(zhi)本）卷四田賦(fu)志(zhi)(zhi)“物(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)（志(zhi)(zhi)）”、《永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)縣志(zhi)(zhi).續志(zhi)(zhi)》（道(dao)光(guang)本）卷之九(jiu)，“物(wu)(wu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)”中均有記(ji)載。特殊的(de)地(di)(di)理環境(jing)培(pei)(pei)(pei)育(yu)了永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)黃(huang)(huang)椒獨(du)特的(de)品(pin)質(zhi)，以其辣(la)(la)(la)、香(xiang)的(de)獨(du)特品(pin)質(zhi)和其它辣(la)(la)(la)椒不同的(de)風味，倍受各地(di)(di)消費者的(de)青(qing)睞，堪稱八閩一(yi)絕。 目前(qian)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)上栽培(pei)(pei)(pei)的(de)永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)黃(huang)(huang)椒 1號系(xi)從永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)市地(di)(di)方特色辣(la)(la)(la)椒品(pin)種永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)黃(huang)(huang)椒中系(xi)統(tong)選育(yu)出(chu)的(de)新(xin)品(pin)種，其外觀色澤黃(huang)(huang)亮(liang)，辣(la)(la)(la)味爽口(kou)剌激，清香(xiang)濃(nong)郁，風味獨(du)特，具有“辣(la)(la)(la)、香(xiang)、脆、潤”四大(da)特點。黃(huang)(huang)椒果(guo)實中含有黃(huang)(huang)椒素，果(guo)皮(pi)保持(chi)黃(huang)(huang)色不變(bian)，果(guo)辣(la)(la)(la)具香(xiang)味，品(pin)質(zhi)極優(you)。2010年 2月(yue)通過(guo)福(fu)建省農(nong)(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)(wu)品(pin)種委員會認定。永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)黃(huang)(huang)椒 1號為尖椒類(lei)中晚熟種，以成熟果(guo)作(zuo)為調(diao)味品(pin)食(shi)用。為了維(wei)護永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)黃(huang)(huang)椒在國內外市場的(de)良好(hao)信(xin)譽，保護生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)者和消費者的(de)合(he)法權益，2009年永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)黃(huang)(huang)椒獲(huo)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理標志(zhi)(zhi)保護登記(ji)和注冊商標登記(ji)。多個合(he)作(zuo)社、企業生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)銷售該產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，其中永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)(an)市萬(wan)豐蔬(shu)菜果(guo)業有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司種植面積230畝，2013年通過(guo)無公(gong)(gong)害(hai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)認證，獲(huo)得無公(gong)(gong)害(hai)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)標志(zhi)(zhi)使用權，通過(guo)無公(gong)(gong)害(hai)認證，帶動廣大(da)農(nong)(nong)戶進行無公(gong)(gong)害(hai)種植技術生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，提高黃(huang)(huang)椒產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量。

二.自(zi)然生態環境和人文歷史因素

1、土(tu)壤(rang)地貌情況：永安市處于武夷山(shan)(shan)脈與戴云山(shan)(shan)脈的過渡地帶(dai)，全市以(yi)紅壤(rang)面積最大(da)，其次為黃(huang)壤(rang)和(he)水(shui)稻土(tu)，水(shui)稻土(tu)面積達22.41萬畝，其中(zhong)以(yi)黃(huang)泥田和(he)灰(hui)泥田為主，pH值在(zai)4.5-6.5之間(jian)，有機質(zhi)含量在(zai)20-30g/kg之間(jian)，土(tu)壤(rang)深厚肥沃。森林(lin)覆蓋(gai)率達83.2%，地貌特征為“九山(shan)(shan)半(ban)水(shui)半(ban)分田”。 

2、水(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況：永安市河(he)流(liu)(liu)眾(zhong)多，主(zhu)要(yao)河(he)流(liu)(liu)有(you)13條，可劃(hua)分為(wei)沙溪水(shui)(shui)系、尤(you)溪水(shui)(shui)系、九龍(long)江水(shui)(shui)系，全市河(he)流(liu)(liu)具有(you)坡度(du)陡，河(he)流(liu)(liu)天然落差大(da)，流(liu)(liu)量充沛，最主(zhu)要(yao)的為(wei)九龍(long)溪，流(liu)(liu)域面積7363平(ping)方公里，干流(liu)(liu)長203公里，年平(ping)均流(liu)(liu)量為(wei)每秒230立(li)方米，水(shui)(shui)資源十分豐富。地表(biao)水(shui)(shui)及地下水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)優良，污染(ran)程度(du)低，為(wei)理想的農業和人居生活(huo)用水(shui)(shui)。 

3、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候情況：永安(an)市(shi)屬中亞熱帶海洋(yang)性(xing)季風氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候，但由于(yu)(yu)市(shi)境內山川交錯，丘陵起伏，地(di)形(xing)復(fu)雜，海拔高(gao)(gao)差(cha)懸殊大(da)，垂直(zhi)小(xiao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候差(cha)異明顯。年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)在(zai)14.3-19.2℃之間；＞10℃積(ji)溫(wen)5178.1℃-5729.1℃。7月份平(ping)均(jun)最高(gao)(gao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為28-35℃。一月份平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)在(zai)7.7℃-8.6℃。年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)降水(shui)量1495-2060㎜，年(nian)日照時數1875.3小(xiao)時，無(wu)霜期302天(tian)。優越的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候條件有(you)利于(yu)(yu)永安(an)黃椒(jiao)生產。 

4、人文歷史(shi)情況：永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)黃椒(jiao)(jiao)栽培歷史(shi)悠久，迄今已有(you)幾百年歷史(shi)。在《永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)縣(xian)志》（萬歷本(ben)(ben)）卷四田賦志“物(wu)(wu)產”和(he)《永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)縣(xian)志》（順(shun)治本(ben)(ben)）卷四田賦志“物(wu)(wu)產（志）”、《永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)縣(xian)志·續(xu)志》（道光本(ben)(ben)）卷之九·“物(wu)(wu)產”中均(jun)有(you)記載。據三明市(shi)經濟作物(wu)(wu)局、三明市(shi)蔬(shu)菜(cai)辦聯合編寫的《三明市(shi)蔬(shu)菜(cai)資源品種(zhong)(zhong)志》第六章(zhang)茄果(guo)類辣椒(jiao)(jiao)部分記載：“品種(zhong)(zhong)名稱：黃辣椒(jiao)(jiao)栽培歷史(shi)：悠久分布地(di)區(qu)：永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)”。永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)黃椒(jiao)(jiao)以其獨特(te)的辣、香品質(zhi)和(he)風(feng)味(wei)，倍受各(ge)地(di)消費者的喜愛，堪稱八閩(min)一絕。永(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)安(an)的地(di)理環境培育了黃椒(jiao)(jiao)獨特(te)的品質(zhi)，其外觀色(se)(se)澤黃亮，辣味(wei)爽(shuang)口(kou)剌(la)激，清(qing)香濃郁，風(feng)味(wei)獨特(te)。黃椒(jiao)(jiao)果(guo)實中含(han)有(you)黃椒(jiao)(jiao)素(su)，果(guo)皮保持桔黃色(se)(se)不(bu)變，其速凍保鮮，簡易方(fang)便(bian)，貯藏(zang)一年以上，仍能保持鮮品原(yuan)形原(yuan)色(se)(se)原(yuan)味(wei)，內質(zhi)不(bu)變。

三.地域范圍

地(di)域(yu)范(fan)圍包括(kuo)永安市(shi)15個鄉鎮（街(jie)道(dao)(dao)）即燕(yan)東(dong)街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、燕(yan)南街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、燕(yan)西(xi)(xi)街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、燕(yan)北街(jie)道(dao)(dao)、安砂(sha)鎮、大湖鎮、曹遠鎮、貢川鎮、上坪鄉、小陶鎮、洪田(tian)鎮、羅坊(fang)鄉、西(xi)(xi)洋鎮、青水鄉、槐南鄉。永安市(shi)位于福(fu)建省(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)偏(pian)西(xi)(xi)，沙溪(xi)上游，東(dong)西(xi)(xi)寬82公(gong)里，南北長約71公(gong)里。地(di)理位置為(wei)東(dong)經116°56′-117°47′，北緯25°33′-26°12′，海拔135-1705米。東(dong)與福(fu)建省(sheng)(sheng)大田(tian)縣接壤，西(xi)(xi)與福(fu)建省(sheng)(sheng)連城縣、清流縣毗連，南與福(fu)建省(sheng)(sheng)龍(long)巖(yan)、漳平市(shi)交界，北靠(kao)福(fu)建省(sheng)(sheng)三明市(shi)、明溪(xi)縣為(wei)鄰。全市(shi)土(tu)地(di)總面(mian)積2942平方(fang)公(gong)里（折441.35萬畝），其(qi)中(zhong)，林業(ye)用地(di)382萬畝，耕地(di)面(mian)積22.41萬畝。目(mu)前，全市(shi)種植面(mian)積5000畝。

四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特性(xing)特征

1、外在感(gan)官特征：果實(shi)形狀為圓錐形、單果重5-12克，成熟(shu)果實(shi)色澤桔黃，果皮鮮亮，果肉辣度高且帶香，具(ju)有永(yong)安黃椒(jiao)特有的(de)品質特征。 

2、安全要(yao)求：永安黃椒執行《NY5005-2001無(wu)公害(hai)食品茄果類蔬菜》標準的規定。

五(wu).特定生產方式

1、品種(zhong)選擇：永(yong)安(an)黃(huang)椒具有抗(kang)(kang)病抗(kang)(kang)蟲性強，抗(kang)(kang)逆性強的特(te)性。該品種(zhong)在常規種(zhong)植(zhi)下120天(tian)左右采收。品種(zhong)要求符(fu)合果(guo)(guo)實(shi)形狀為圓錐形，成熟果(guo)(guo)實(shi)色澤桔黃(huang)，果(guo)(guo)皮鮮亮，果(guo)(guo)肉辣度高且(qie)帶香。單果(guo)(guo)重5-12克(ke)，種(zhong)子千粒重4.5-6.0克(ke)。 

2、產(chan)地(di)選擇(ze)與種(zhong)植(zhi)要(yao)(yao)求：永安市轄區11個鄉鎮4個辦(ban)事處，主要(yao)(yao)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)燕(yan)南、燕(yan)西(xi)、青水、西(xi)洋、小陶、洪田(tian)、大湖(hu)，產(chan)地(di)環境(jing)必須符(fu)合(he)《NY5010-2002無公害食品(pin)蔬菜產(chan)地(di)環境(jing)條件》的要(yao)(yao)求。永安黃椒每年12月(yue)(yue)(yue)上、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)至(zhi)次年2月(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)，3月(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)移植(zhi)到大田(tian)，果實生長期(qi)為綠色，成熟轉(zhuan)黃，6月(yue)(yue)(yue)開始采(cai)(cai)摘期(qi)，7月(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)至(zhi)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)上旬(xun)為盛收(shou)(shou)期(qi)，終期(qi)在(zai)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)旬(xun)。但(dan)在(zai)山壟田(tian)或青水等(deng)高(gao)海拔鄉鎮，采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)期(qi)可延長到11月(yue)(yue)(yue)底(di)。反季節栽(zai)培7-8月(yue)(yue)(yue)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)，11月(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)開始采(cai)(cai)摘，4月(yue)(yue)(yue)底(di)結(jie)束。種(zhong)植(zhi)要(yao)(yao)求按照(zhao)《永安黃椒無公害栽(zai)培技(ji)術規程(cheng)》執行。 

3、生產過程管(guan)理：永安(an)黃椒生產過程符(fu)合《NY5005-2001無公(gong)害(hai)食品茄果類(lei)蔬菜》和《永安(an)黃椒無公(gong)害(hai)栽(zai)培技術規程》。 

4、產品收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲及后(hou)續管(guan)理：永安黃(huang)椒在果(guo)(guo)皮80％綠轉黃(huang)色，果(guo)(guo)實大(da)小基(ji)本定型，呈現(xian)出香辣味時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)，黃(huang)熟時(shi)(shi)每3-5天(tian)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)一(yi)次，高峰期2天(tian)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)一(yi)次。采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)所用工(gong)具要清潔、衛生(sheng)、無污染，采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)，及時(shi)(shi)清除(chu)明顯(xian)缺陷果(guo)(guo)、傷疤果(guo)(guo)及等外果(guo)(guo)，產品使(shi)用保鮮(xian)袋(dai)保鮮(xian)貯藏(zang)銷售。 

5、生產記錄：永(yong)安黃椒生產過程(cheng)要建立生產檔(dang)案，記錄投入品的名稱、使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時間(jian)、次數、用(yong)(yong)量、使(shi)用(yong)(yong)方法(fa)、收獲日(ri)期等(deng)，全面(mian)記載并妥善保存。