品質特點
李(li)(li)廣(guang)杏(xing)為敦煌農副產品(pin)特產之一,李(li)(li)廣(guang)杏(xing)果(guo)(guo)實外形(xing)規正(zheng),近似圓形(xing),果(guo)(guo)大賽(sai)李(li)(li),果(guo)(guo)皮金黃色(se),色(se)澤油光鮮亮(liang),皮薄肉(rou)多核小(xiao),味(wei)美(mei)汁多,香氣四溢。李(li)(li)廣(guang)杏(xing)含(han)有(you)豐(feng)富(fu)(fu)的(de)礦(kuang)物質和(he)維(wei)生素(su),營養十分豐(feng)富(fu)(fu),果(guo)(guo)肉(rou)可鮮食,也可制成罐頭、杏(xing)干、杏(xing)脯(fu)、杏(xing)醬或可用作(zuo)釀杏(xing)酒(jiu)的(de)原(yuan)料。杏(xing)仁可用來制糕點、冷食、糖果(guo)(guo)的(de)原(yuan)料。
品種特征
李(li)廣(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)品種引(yin)自(zi)新疆和田(tian)一(yi)帶,經過長(chang)(chang)期自(zi)然馴化和人工培養,在(zai)敦煌形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)一(yi)個特殊(shu)品種。杏(xing)(xing)(xing)樹耐寒、抗旱,因此,李(li)廣(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)樹能夠得以在(zai)氣候(hou)干燥的(de)(de)敦煌綠洲茁壯(zhuang)成(cheng)長(chang)(chang)。
生長環境
敦(dun)煌地處西北高原,屬典(dian)型(xing)的(de)溫(wen)帶大(da)(da)陸性氣候,夏(xia)季日照時間長,晝夜溫(wen)差大(da)(da),而其沙質(zhi)土壤又特別適(shi)合瓜果的(de)生(sheng)長,所以敦(dun)煌的(de)瓜果味道(dao)特別鮮美可口。李廣(guang)杏可稱(cheng)敦(dun)煌水果之王,每年七月是(shi)李廣(guang)杏的(de)收獲季節(jie)。李廣(guang)杏因(yin)其光澤黃亮、汁甜(tian)如蜜而享(xiang)有盛名。
生產情況
李廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)經(jing)過千(qian)百年(nian)的(de)(de)繁衍,已(yi)遍布敦(dun)煌全(quan)市(shi)(shi)。改革(ge)開放(fang)以(yi)來,敦(dun)煌市(shi)(shi)委、市(shi)(shi)政府(fu)把發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)產業(ye)作為(wei)振興縣(xian)域經(jing)濟,促進農民致富的(de)(de)支柱產業(ye)來抓,推動(dong)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)產業(ye)快速發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。2007年(nian),敦(dun)煌市(shi)(shi)全(quan)市(shi)(shi)李廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)種植面積(ji)1.35萬畝,李廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)產量(liang)達(da)到5600余噸(dun),已(yi)經(jing)成為(wei)聞名全(quan)省(sheng)的(de)(de)“李廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)集散地”,全(quan)市(shi)(shi)70%以(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)李廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)銷往(wang)蘭(lan)州、西寧、北(bei)京等(deng)(deng)外(wai)地,為(wei)當地農民帶(dai)來直(zhi)接經(jing)濟效益3200余萬元,李廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)產業(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)還帶(dai)動(dong)了(le)市(shi)(shi)內包裝業(ye)、加工業(ye)、運輸業(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan),隨著李廣(guang)(guang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)外(wai)銷量(liang)的(de)(de)大幅增長(chang),外(wai)商對(dui)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)包裝也提出了(le)更(geng)為(wei)嚴格的(de)(de)要求(qiu)。市(shi)(shi)場的(de)(de)有效需求(qiu)催生(sheng)了(le)制作杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)包裝箱(xiang)(xiang)加工廠(chang)2個,銷售杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)包裝箱(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)門點(dian)10多(duo)個,在從事包裝產品生(sheng)產中均取得了(le)客(ke)觀的(de)(de)經(jing)濟效益。另外(wai),杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干,杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)脯、杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)罐頭(tou)等(deng)(deng)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)產品的(de)(de)加工量(liang)也呈逐(zhu)年(nian)增長(chang)趨勢,2006年(nian)生(sheng)產杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)脯200余噸(dun),杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)子(zi)(zi)(zi)罐頭(tou)300余噸(dun)。
敦(dun)煌市的楊家(jia)橋鄉(xiang)是李廣(guang)杏主要生產(chan)基地,2006年全鄉(xiang)種植李廣(guang)杏6100畝,年產(chan)李廣(guang)杏2800噸,農民人均純收入的50%來源于(yu)李廣(guang)杏,形成了“一村一品”特(te)色鮮明(ming)的李廣(guang)杏子鄉(xiang)。
相關傳說
關于李(li)(li)廣杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)來(lai)歷,還(huan)有一(yi)段(duan)美麗的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)說(shuo),相傳(chuan)西(xi)漢年間,飛(fei)將軍李(li)(li)廣率部(bu)西(xi)征,夏(xia)日炎炎,將士焦渴難忍(ren)。突然空中(zhong)襲(xi)來(lai)一(yi)陣奇香(xiang)(xiang),只見兩匹彩(cai)綢(chou)自流云中(zhong)飄下。李(li)(li)將軍策馬追趕,拔出(chu)神(shen)箭射出(chu),其中(zhong)一(yi)匹彩(cai)綢(chou)應(ying)聲落地(di),變成一(yi)片(pian)果(guo)實累(lei)累(lei)的(de)(de)(de)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)林(lin)。眾人(ren)爭食,苦(ku)似黃(huang)蓮。李(li)(li)廣憤然砍平杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)林(lin),次日清(qing)晨,卻見杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)林(lin)又枝(zhi)繁葉茂,鮮嫩欲(yu)滴(di)的(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)令人(ren)饞(chan)涎(xian)欲(yu)滴(di)。李(li)(li)廣忍(ren)不(bu)住摘下一(yi)個咬了一(yi)口,頓時(shi)香(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)肺腑,將士們(men)紛(fen)(fen)紛(fen)(fen)摘杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)食之,頓覺精(jing)神(shen)倍增。原來(lai),那兩匹彩(cai)綢(chou)本(ben)是(shi)甜(tian)(tian)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仙子和苦(ku)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仙子,奉(feng)王母(mu)之命來(lai)救(jiu)李(li)(li)廣的(de)(de)(de),她(ta)們(men)只顧嬉戲(xi),惹怒李(li)(li)廣而射落了苦(ku)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仙子,深夜甜(tian)(tian)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仙子找到了苦(ku)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)仙子,施(shi)展仙法,在苦(ku)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)樁上接上甜(tian)(tian)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)樹(shu)枝(zhi),最(zui)后結出(chu)了清(qing)香(xiang)(xiang)甘甜(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)(de)黃(huang)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。當年曾為李(li)(li)廣解危(wei)救(jiu)困的(de)(de)(de)甜(tian)(tian)杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),隨著(zhu)李(li)(li)廣大軍傳(chuan)人(ren)敦煌(huang)(huang),所(suo)以敦煌(huang)(huang)人(ren)把它叫作李(li)(li)廣杏(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。