一.產品介紹
嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)發(fa)(fa)展歷史(shi):嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)位于(yu)黑龍江(jiang)中下游(you),水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)豐富,水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)好(hao),無(wu)污(wu)染,種(zhong)植(zhi)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)有(you)得(de)天獨厚的(de)(de)環境優(you)勢。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生于(yu)水(shui)(shui),米融(rong)于(yu)水(shui)(shui),嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)熟期產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)區晝(zhou)夜溫(wen)差大(da)(da),使(shi)嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)大(da)(da)米芳(fang)香爽口(kou),是(shi)百姓(xing)餐(can)桌上(shang)的(de)(de)佳品(pin)(pin)(pin)。嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)發(fa)(fa)展水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)的(de)(de)歷史(shi)很短(duan),上(shang)世紀80年代初水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)開(kai)始(shi)試驗性(xing)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan),但后來由于(yu)當地農(nong)民種(zhong)植(zhi)旱田習慣而沒(mei)有(you)推廣(guang)(guang)開(kai)來。1999年縣(xian)委(wei)(wei)、縣(xian)政府(fu)重新確定水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)計劃,在紅光鄉(xiang)燎源(yuan)村(cun)引進(jin)鐵(tie)力市水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)戶進(jin)行示范(fan)性(xing)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)獲得(de)成(cheng)(cheng)功。2001年縣(xian)委(wei)(wei)、縣(xian)政府(fu)把綠色水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)確定為主導產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業之一(yi),大(da)(da)力扶持和(he)壯大(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業,不斷加(jia)強農(nong)田水(shui)(shui)利建設(she),滿足水(shui)(shui)田灌溉用水(shui)(shui)需要,補貼建設(she)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)育秧大(da)(da)棚,以基層農(nong)技(ji)推廣(guang)(guang)體系改革與建設(she)為重點,建立了縣(xian)、鄉(xiang)、村(cun)三(san)級農(nong)技(ji)推廣(guang)(guang)服務(wu)網絡(luo),大(da)(da)力開(kai)展農(nong)民科技(ji)培(pei)訓,向農(nong)民推廣(guang)(guang)先進(jin)栽培(pei)技(ji)術和(he)優(you)良品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong),稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)農(nong)基本掌(zhang)握育苗、施肥、田間管理等主要技(ji)術環節(jie),使(shi)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量、品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)逐年提高。截止目前(qian),全縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)面(mian)(mian)積達14000畝,大(da)(da)棚育秧面(mian)(mian)積100%,優(you)良品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)覆蓋(gai)率達到(dao)95%以上(shang),近三(san)年水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)平均畝產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)400公斤,取得(de)了良好(hao)的(de)(de)社會和(he)經濟效(xiao)益(yi),袁隆平先生親自為嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)基地題詞,水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)為嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)種(zhong)植(zhi)業的(de)(de)三(san)駕馬車之一(yi)。
二.自(zi)然(ran)生態環(huan)境和(he)人文歷史(shi)因素
1.土(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌情(qing)況:嘉蔭縣(xian)多為黑鈣土(tu)、沙壤(rang)土(tu),pH值在6.5-7.5左右,土(tu)壤(rang)肥沃、耕性良好,嘉蔭縣(xian)地(di)勢走(zou)向西(xi)南高、東北低,小(xiao)興安嶺余脈(mo)呈雞爪狀向黑龍江邊延(yan)申,溝壑縱橫、丘陵(ling)起伏、漫崗(gang)平原相(xiang)間,西(xi)南部守虎(hu)山。
2.水(shui)(shui)文情況:嘉(jia)蔭縣水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)豐富,除黑龍江(jiang)流經本縣245公里之外,直接流入黑龍江(jiang)大(da)小河流有(you)26條(tiao)。以黑龍江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)、地下水(shui)(shui)為主(zhu)要水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan),水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)分別達到地表水(shui)(shui)環境質(zhi)量(liang)GB3838的(de)一級標準和生活飲用水(shui)(shui)GB5749的(de)標準。嘉(jia)蔭縣是農(nong)業(ye)(ye)縣以種植業(ye)(ye)為主(zhu),沒有(you)大(da)型工(gong)業(ye)(ye)污(wu)染企(qi)業(ye)(ye),幾乎沒有(you)污(wu)染,因此,水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)保持良好。
3.氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)情況:嘉(jia)蔭縣地處北溫帶季(ji)風大(da)陸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)區,由于地勢(shi)和(he)地形的(de) 變化,使嘉(jia)蔭縣氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)差異很(hen)大(da),致可分為二(er)個小氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)區。一(yi)是(shi)位(wei)于小興嶺北 坡的(de)青山鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、滬(hu)嘉(jia)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南部(bu)(bu)、常勝鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)(bu)、烏(wu)啦嘎(ga)鎮(zhen)大(da)部(bu)(bu)、紅光(guang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)(bu)、保(bao)(bao)興鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南部(bu)(bu)屬(shu)山地小氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)區。冬(dong)(dong)季(ji)漫長寒冷、夏季(ji)短(duan)促多雨(yu)(yu)。積溫10≥1600℃左右(you)(you),無(wu)霜期(qi)90天左右(you)(you)、降雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)530毫米左右(you)(you)。二(er)是(shi)常勝鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)東北部(bu)(bu)、烏(wu)云鎮(zhen)、向陽鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、紅光(guang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)東部(bu)(bu)、朝陽鎮(zhen)、保(bao)(bao)興鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)東部(bu)(bu)地區。冬(dong)(dong)季(ji),西(xi)(xi)(xi)伯利(li)亞(ya)寒流長驅(qu)直入(ru),風大(da)、嚴寒、干燥。無(wu)霜期(qi)120左右(you)(you)、降雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)650毫米左右(you)(you)。全縣平均(jun)無(wu)霜期(qi)115天、年(nian)降雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)588毫米,年(nian)日照時數(shu)2377小時。
4.人文歷史情況(kuang):據1992年縣志記載,嘉(jia)蔭縣農(nong)(nong)業發(fa)展的歷史很短。解放前(qian),采金工作(zuo)用的糧食多數靠外進。1927年全縣百多戶農(nong)(nong)民(min)僅有(you)3000多畝(mu)耕地(di)。解放后,農(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)產發(fa)展迅速。耕地(di)面積由1949年41700畝(mu)發(fa)展到1985年393000畝(mu),到目前(qian)為止,嘉(jia)蔭縣耕地(di)面積已達1316200畝(mu)。糧食主(zhu)要(yao)作(zuo)物是(shi)大豆(dou)、水稻等。
三.地域范圍
嘉蔭水(shui)稻產地(di)位于黑龍江省(sheng)伊春市嘉蔭縣(xian)(xian),縣(xian)(xian)所轄(xia)3鎮(zhen)6鄉:烏(wu)云鎮(zhen)、朝陽鎮(zhen)、烏(wu)拉(la)嘎鎮(zhen)、常勝鄉、滬嘉鄉、向陽鄉、紅光鄉、青山鄉、保興鄉。地(di)理坐標為(wei):東經(jing)129°09′-130°45′,北(bei)緯48°07′-49°25′,全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)平均海拔230米左右。嘉蔭縣(xian)(xian)北(bei)與俄羅(luo)斯隔江相望,以黑龍江為(wei)界。西至(zhi)常勝、滬嘉、青山分別與遜(xun)克縣(xian)(xian)、湯(tang)旺河(he)林區(qu)接壤,南至(zhi)烏(wu)拉(la)嘎、保興與鶴崗、蘿北(bei)接壤,區(qu)域保護面(mian)積150000公(gong)頃(qing)。生產面(mian)積800公(gong)頃(qing),年總產量4800噸。
四.產品品質特性(xing)特征
1.外在感官特征:水稻所生產的大米(mi),形狀縱長,長度約為0.8mm左(zuo)右,寬(kuan)度為0.3mm左(zuo)右白色顆粒(li)。
2.內在品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)指標:嘉蔭水(shui)稻(dao)生(sheng)產的大米營養(yang)豐富(fu),含蛋白質(zhi)(zhi)、糖類、鈣、磷、鐵、葡萄糖、果糖、麥芽糖、維(wei)生(sheng)素(su)B1、維(wei)生(sheng)素(su)B2等。
3.安全要求:嘉(jia)蔭(yin)水(shui)稻(dao)嚴格(ge)按照《嘉(jia)蔭(yin)縣無公害水(shui)稻(dao)生(sheng)產操作技術規程(cheng)》NY 5115-2002進行(xing)操作,嚴格(ge)執(zhi)行(xing)肥料使(shi)用(yong)的標準(zhun)(zhun)NY/T 496。嚴格(ge)執(zhi)行(xing)農藥使(shi)用(yong)的標準(zhun)(zhun)GB 4285、GB/T 8321(所有(you)部分)。嚴格(ge)遵(zun)守(shou)《農產品質量安全法》規定。
五.特(te)定生產方式
1.產地選擇:在(zai)全縣各鄉鎮選擇土壤(rang)肥(fei)沃(wo)、耕性良好的(de)土壤(rang),應符合NY 5116-2002的(de)規定。
2.品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選擇(ze):選用通過國家(jia)或(huo)地(di)(di)方審定(ding)并(bing)在(zai)當地(di)(di)示范(fan)成功的優質(zhi)、高產品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。種(zhong)(zhong)子質(zhi)量(liang)應(ying)符合GB4404.1的規(gui)定(ding)。選用抗蟲、抗病性強(qiang)的品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),并(bing)注意定(ding)期(qi)更換(huan)。
3.生產過程管(guan)理: 3.1.合(he)理稀(xi)植(zhi) 直播稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):播種(zhong)量(liang)常(chang)規(gui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)為每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi) 3kg-4kg,雜交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2kg-2.5kg。提倡采用生物種(zhong)衣劑(ji)包衣的種(zhong)子,以防地下害蟲危害。要(yao)求注意(yi)播種(zhong)質量(liang),確保全苗。播種(zhong)出苗后應及時(shi)疏密補空(kong)。移(yi)栽稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao):早、晚稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)密度常(chang)規(gui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)一般為每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)2萬(wan)穴(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)3本(ben)(ben)(ben)-4本(ben)(ben)(ben),雜交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)為每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi) 1.5萬(wan)穴(xue)-2.0萬(wan)穴(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)1本(ben)(ben)(ben)-2本(ben)(ben)(ben);單(dan)季稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)為每(mei)(mei)(mei)667 平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi) 1.2萬(wan)穴(xue)-1.7萬(wan)穴(xue),常(chang)規(gui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)3本(ben)(ben)(ben)-4本(ben)(ben)(ben),雜交(jiao)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)1本(ben)(ben)(ben)-2本(ben)(ben)(ben)。提倡寬(kuan)行(xing)窄(zhai)(zhai)株(zhu)或(huo)寬(kuan)窄(zhai)(zhai)行(xing)種(zhong)植(zhi),移(yi)栽規(gui)格早、晚稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)為25.0cm×13.3cm-16.7cm或(huo)(33.3cm+16.7cm)×13.3cm-16.7cm,即(ji)行(xing)距25.0cm,株(zhu)距13.3cm-16.7cm或(huo)寬(kuan)行(xing)33.3cm、窄(zhai)(zhai)行(xing)16.7cm、株(zhu)距13.3cm-16.7cm;單(dan)降稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)為25cm-30cm×16.7cm或(huo)(33.3cm+16.7cm)×16.7cm。超級稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)優質稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)起畦超稀(xi)植(zhi)栽培,移(yi)栽規(gui)格33.3cm×20.0cm-25.0cm,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)0.8萬(wan)穴(xue)-1.0萬(wan)穴(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)2本(ben)(ben)(ben)。
3.2.平(ping)(ping)衡施(shi)肥(fei) 有(you)機、無(wu)機結合(he),氮(dan)、磷(lin)(lin)(lin)、鉀(jia)配合(he)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong):提倡(chang)測土配方(fang)(fang)施(shi)肥(fei),一般(ban)(ban)有(you)機肥(fei)占總施(shi)肥(fei)量(liang)的30%以上,氮(dan)∶磷(lin)(lin)(lin)∶鉀(jia)(N∶五(wu)(wu)氧化二磷(lin)(lin)(lin)∶氧化鉀(jia))一般(ban)(ban)為(wei)1∶0.5∶1。嚴格控(kong)制(zhi)施(shi)氮(dan)和(he)施(shi)肥(fei)總量(liang):每(mei)667 平(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)米大(da)田施(shi)肥(fei)總量(liang)為(wei)早、晚稻(dao)控(kong)制(zhi)在純(chun)氮(dan)(N)8 kg-12kg,磷(lin)(lin)(lin)(五(wu)(wu)氧化二磷(lin)(lin)(lin))4 kg-5kg,鉀(jia)(氧化鉀(jia))8 kg-12kg,單季稻(dao)控(kong)制(zhi)在純(chun)氮(dan)(N)12 kg-15 kg、磷(lin)(lin)(lin)(五(wu)(wu)氧化二磷(lin)(lin)(lin))6kg-7kg、鉀(jia)(氧化鉀(jia))12kg-15kg,施(shi)硫酸(suan)鋅1kg-2kg。施(shi)肥(fei)方(fang)(fang)法:施(shi)足基(ji)面肥(fei),適施(shi)分蘗肥(fei)和(he)穗肥(fei)。一般(ban)(ban)氮(dan)肥(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)50%~70%作(zuo)基(ji)面肥(fei),20%-30%作(zuo)分蘗肥(fei),10%-20%作(zuo)穗肥(fei);磷(lin)(lin)(lin)肥(fei)全部作(zuo)基(ji)肥(fei)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong);鉀(jia)肥(fei)基(ji)、蘗肥(fei)各占50%。也可采用(yong)(yong)(yong)一次性(xing)全層施(shi)肥(fei),將(jiang)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)復配肥(fei)料在平(ping)(ping)田時一次性(xing)施(shi)入耕作(zuo)層土壤,但在砂壤田不宜采用(yong)(yong)(yong)。
3.3.合(he)理(li)灌(guan)溉 灌(guan)溉水(shui)(shui)質要求:應符合(he)NY 5116-2002的規定。灌(guan)溉方法:返(fan)青期(qi)保持淺水(shui)(shui)層,分(fen)蘗期(qi)濕(shi)潤灌(guan)溉,苗數達到穗數的80%-90%時開始露(lu)田和曬田,采(cai)取多次輕曬,以控制(zhi)無效分(fen)蘗,促進根系下扎生長和壯稈健株。穗分(fen)化(hua)后灌(guan)水(shui)(shui)并保持淺水(shui)(shui)層至(zhi)抽穗揚花期(qi)。灌(guan)漿(jiang)成(cheng)熟期(qi)間歇灌(guan)溉、干濕(shi)交替(ti)。收(shou)獲(huo)前(qian)7天左(zuo)右斷水(shui)(shui)。
3.4.有害(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物控治技術(shu) 農(nong)(nong)(nong)業防(fang)(fang)治:選(xuan)用(yong)抗性強的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)定(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輪換,保持品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抗性,減輕病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。采(cai)用(yong)合(he)理(li)耕作制度(du)、輪作換茬、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(稻(dao)鴨、稻(dao)魚、稻(dao)蟹(xie)等(deng))結合(he)、健(jian)身(shen)栽(zai)(zai)培等(deng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藝措(cuo)施(shi)(shi),減少有害(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物防(fang)(fang)治:通過選(xuan)擇對(dui)(dui)天(tian)敵(di)(di)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)傷(shang)力(li)小的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)、低(di)毒性代學農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao),避開自然天(tian)敵(di)(di)對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)敏感時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),創造適(shi)宜自然天(tian)敵(di)(di)繁殖的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)境等(deng)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi),保持天(tian)敵(di)(di);利用(yong)及(ji)釋放天(tian)敵(di)(di)控制有害(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。物理(li)防(fang)(fang)治:采(cai)用(yong)黑光燈、震頻式殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)燈、色光板等(deng)物理(li)裝置(zhi)誘殺(sha)(sha)(sha)鱗翅目、同翅目害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)治(病(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai)(hai)):稻(dao)瘟(wen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)依(yi)(yi)(yi)據GB/T 15790的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding),當(dang)稻(dao)瘟(wen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)心病(bing)(bing)(bing)團出現時(shi),每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)三(san)環(huan)唑(zuo)20g-25g或稻(dao)瘟(wen)靈28g-40g噴霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)治。稻(dao)紋枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)依(yi)(yi)(yi)據GB/T 15791的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding),在(zai)(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)分(fen)蘗至(zhi)孕穗(sui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、抽穗(sui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),當(dang)分(fen)蘗期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)叢(cong)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)率(lv)在(zai)(zai)15%~20%、孕穗(sui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)30%以(yi)(yi)上時(shi),每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)井(jing)崗霉(mei)素10g-12.5g加水(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)1-2次,低(di)于(yu)此(ci)指標可以(yi)(yi)不施(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)。白(bai)葉(xie)枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)白(bai)葉(xie)枯(ku)病(bing)(bing)(bing)常(chang)發(fa)區,于(yu)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)(bing)初期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)葉(xie)枯(ku)唑(zuo)30g-40g加水(shui)(shui)(shui)50 kg噴霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)治;尤其在(zai)(zai)大風、暴雨、洪澇(lao)等(deng)災(zai)害(hai)(hai)之后,水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)葉(xie)片受到(dao)損傷(shang),應及(ji)時(shi)噴施(shi)(shi)上述藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji),防(fang)(fang)止病(bing)(bing)(bing)情暴發(fa)。惡(e)苗病(bing)(bing)(bing)采(cai)用(yong)抗二(er)硫氰基甲烷或咪鮮(xian)胺溶液浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。稻(dao)曲病(bing)(bing)(bing)在(zai)(zai)孕穗(sui)中(zhong)、后期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)井(jing)崗霉(mei)素10g-12.5g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)50 kg對(dui)(dui)穗(sui)部(bu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)噴霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)治(蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)):二(er)化螟依(yi)(yi)(yi)據GB/T 15792及(ji)NY/T 59的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding),在(zai)(zai)稻(dao)苗枯(ku)鞘高峰期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙36g-45g或殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)單45g-55g或三(san)唑(zuo)磷20g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),但蠶桑養殖地區不宜使用(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙、殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)單。三(san)化螟根據蟲(chong)(chong)情預報(bao),掌(zhang)握在(zai)(zai)螟卵孵化初盛(sheng)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),每(mei)(mei)667 平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)卵塊(kuai)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)量在(zai)(zai)50塊(kuai)以(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)田(tian)塊(kuai)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)治,藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類同二(er)化螟。稻(dao)飛虱依(yi)(yi)(yi)據GB/T 15794的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding),當(dang)百叢(cong)蟲(chong)(chong)量達1500頭(tou)(tou)(tou)-2000頭(tou)(tou)(tou),每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)噻嗪酮7g-10g或吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)啉1.5g-2g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)50 kg,針對(dui)(dui)稻(dao)株(zhu)中(zhong)下部(bu)噴霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。稻(dao)縱卷葉(xie)螟依(yi)(yi)(yi)據GB/T 15793的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding),掌(zhang)握在(zai)(zai)主害(hai)(hai)代1、2齡幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)盛(sheng)發(fa)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(稻(dao)葉(xie)初卷期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi))。當(dang)分(fen)蘗期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)百叢(cong)幼(you)(you)蟲(chong)(chong)65頭(tou)(tou)(tou)-85頭(tou)(tou)(tou)、孕穗(sui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)40頭(tou)(tou)(tou)-60頭(tou)(tou)(tou)以(yi)(yi)上時(shi),進(jin)(jin)行(xing)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)治,藥(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙、殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)單;此(ci)外,也可用(yong)毒死蜱32g-40g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)稻(dao)株(zhu)中(zhong)、上部(bu)。稻(dao)薊馬(ma)在(zai)(zai)苗期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)出現葉(xie)尖卷曲率(lv)在(zai)(zai)10%以(yi)(yi)上、百株(zhu)蟲(chong)(chong)量300頭(tou)(tou)(tou)-500頭(tou)(tou)(tou)以(yi)(yi)上時(shi),用(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲(chong)(chong)雙27g-36g或丁硫克百威(wei)或吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)啉1.5g-2g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)(cao)防(fang)(fang)治:秧田(tian)雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)(cao)于(yu)播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后0-10d,每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)草(cao)(cao)(cao)丹(dan)乳油(you)(you)100g-125g、禾草(cao)(cao)(cao)敵(di)(di)乳油(you)(you)96g-140g或丁草(cao)(cao)(cao)胺30g或芐嘧(mi)磺隆1.5g-2g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)30kg噴霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。移栽(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)(cao)在(zai)(zai)移栽(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)2d-10d,每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)百草(cao)(cao)(cao)枯(ku)20g-40g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg細噴霧(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu),殺(sha)(sha)(sha)滅田(tian)間雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)(cao)。本田(tian)雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)(cao)于(yu)移栽(zai)(zai)后5d-10d,每(mei)(mei)667平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)用(yong)禾草(cao)(cao)(cao)丹(dan)乳油(you)(you)100g-125g或吡(bi)嘧(mi)磺隆6.25g或田(tian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)光(芐嘧(mi)磺隆與丁草(cao)(cao)(cao)胺復配劑(ji)(ji)(ji))25g-30g拌化肥或細泥土30kg撒施(shi)(shi)。
4.產品(pin)收獲:實行無公害稻谷與普(pu)通稻谷分收、分曬(shai)。禁(jin)止在(zai)公路(lu)、瀝青路(lu)面(mian)及粉塵(chen)污染嚴重的地(di)方脫(tuo)粒、曬(shai)谷。
5.生(sheng)產記錄(lu):對嘉蔭水稻生(sheng)產的(de)全過(guo)程,要建立(li)田間生(sheng)產技術檔案,全面記載(zai),以備查閱。
六(liu).包裝標識(shi)相關規(gui)定
嘉蔭(yin)水稻(dao)收獲后,脫粒進(jin)行包(bao)裝,在運輸過(guo)程(cheng)中:運輸工具應(ying)(ying)清潔(jie)、干(gan)燥、有(you)(you)防雨(yu)設(she)(she)(she)施。嚴禁(jin)與(yu)有(you)(you)毒、有(you)(you)害(hai)、有(you)(you)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性、有(you)(you)異味的物品(pin)混運。在避光、常溫、干(gan)燥和有(you)(you)防潮(chao)設(she)(she)(she)施的地(di)方貯(zhu)藏(zang)。貯(zhu)藏(zang)設(she)(she)(she)施應(ying)(ying)清潔(jie)、干(gan)燥、通風、無蟲害(hai)和鼠害(hai)。嚴禁(jin)與(yu)有(you)(you)毒、有(you)(you)害(hai)、有(you)(you)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性、易發(fa)霉、發(fa)潮(chao)、有(you)(you)異味的物品(pin)混存(cun)。產品(pin)使用“嘉蔭(yin)水稻(dao)”農產品(pin)地(di)理(li)標志。