一.產品介紹
嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻發展(zhan)歷史:嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)位于黑龍江中下游,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源豐(feng)富,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質好,無污染,種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻有得天獨厚的(de)環(huan)境(jing)優勢。稻生(sheng)(sheng)于水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),米融于水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻成熟(shu)期(qi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區晝夜溫(wen)差大(da),使(shi)嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)大(da)米芳香爽(shuang)口,是百(bai)姓餐桌上的(de)佳品(pin)。嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)發展(zhan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻的(de)的(de)歷史很(hen)短,上世紀80年(nian)代初水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻開(kai)始試驗性(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan),但后來(lai)由于當地(di)(di)農(nong)(nong)民種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旱(han)田(tian)習慣而沒有推(tui)(tui)廣開(kai)來(lai)。1999年(nian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府(fu)重(zhong)新確定水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)計劃(hua),在紅(hong)光鄉燎源村引進(jin)鐵(tie)力市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)戶進(jin)行示范性(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)獲(huo)得成功。2001年(nian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委、縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政(zheng)府(fu)把綠色(se)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻確定為(wei)主導(dao)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業之一,大(da)力扶持和壯(zhuang)大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻產(chan)(chan)(chan)業,不斷加強農(nong)(nong)田(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利建(jian)設,滿足水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)田(tian)灌溉用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)需要,補貼建(jian)設水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻育秧大(da)棚(peng)(peng),以基(ji)層農(nong)(nong)技(ji)推(tui)(tui)廣體系改革與(yu)建(jian)設為(wei)重(zhong)點,建(jian)立了縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、鄉、村三(san)級農(nong)(nong)技(ji)推(tui)(tui)廣服(fu)務網絡(luo),大(da)力開(kai)展(zhan)農(nong)(nong)民科技(ji)培訓,向農(nong)(nong)民推(tui)(tui)廣先進(jin)栽培技(ji)術和優良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),稻農(nong)(nong)基(ji)本掌握育苗、施肥、田(tian)間管(guan)理等主要技(ji)術環(huan)節,使(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)、品(pin)質逐年(nian)提高。截(jie)止目前(qian),全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積達14000畝(mu),大(da)棚(peng)(peng)育秧面積100%,優良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)覆蓋率(lv)達到95%以上,近三(san)年(nian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻平均畝(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)400公斤,取得了良好的(de)社會和經(jing)濟效益,袁(yuan)隆平先生(sheng)(sheng)親自(zi)為(wei)嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)基(ji)地(di)(di)題(ti)詞,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成為(wei)嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業的(de)三(san)駕馬(ma)車之一。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷(li)史因素
1.土(tu)壤地(di)貌情(qing)況:嘉蔭縣(xian)多(duo)為黑鈣土(tu)、沙壤土(tu),pH值在(zai)6.5-7.5左右,土(tu)壤肥沃、耕性良好,嘉蔭縣(xian)地(di)勢走向(xiang)西南(nan)高、東北低(di),小興安嶺(ling)余脈呈(cheng)雞爪(zhua)狀向(xiang)黑龍(long)江邊延(yan)申,溝(gou)壑縱橫(heng)、丘陵(ling)起(qi)伏(fu)、漫崗平原(yuan)相(xiang)間,西南(nan)部守虎山。
2.水(shui)文情況:嘉(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)資源豐(feng)富,除(chu)黑龍江(jiang)流(liu)經(jing)本縣(xian)(xian)(xian)245公里之外,直(zhi)接流(liu)入黑龍江(jiang)大小河(he)流(liu)有26條。以黑龍江(jiang)水(shui)、地下(xia)水(shui)為(wei)主(zhu)要水(shui)源,水(shui)質分別達(da)到地表水(shui)環境質量GB3838的(de)(de)一(yi)級標準(zhun)和(he)生(sheng)活飲用(yong)水(shui)GB5749的(de)(de)標準(zhun)。嘉(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)是農業(ye)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)以種植業(ye)為(wei)主(zhu),沒(mei)有大型工業(ye)污染(ran)(ran)企(qi)業(ye),幾乎沒(mei)有污染(ran)(ran),因此,水(shui)資源保(bao)持良好(hao)。
3.氣候情況:嘉(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)地(di)(di)處北溫帶季(ji)風大陸氣候區(qu),由(you)于地(di)(di)勢和地(di)(di)形(xing)的(de) 變化,使嘉(jia)蔭(yin)縣(xian)氣候差異很大,致可分為二個小(xiao)氣候區(qu)。一是(shi)位于小(xiao)興(xing)嶺北 坡的(de)青山鄉、滬嘉(jia)鄉西南部、常(chang)勝(sheng)鄉西部、烏啦嘎鎮大部、紅光(guang)鄉西部、保(bao)興(xing)鄉西南部屬山地(di)(di)小(xiao)氣候區(qu)。冬(dong)季(ji)漫長寒(han)冷、夏(xia)季(ji)短促多雨。積溫10≥1600℃左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)(you),無霜(shuang)期(qi)90天(tian)(tian)左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)(you)、降雨量(liang)530毫米左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)(you)。二是(shi)常(chang)勝(sheng)鄉東(dong)北部、烏云鎮、向陽(yang)鄉、紅光(guang)鄉東(dong)部、朝陽(yang)鎮、保(bao)興(xing)鄉東(dong)部地(di)(di)區(qu)。冬(dong)季(ji),西伯利(li)亞寒(han)流長驅直入,風大、嚴寒(han)、干燥。無霜(shuang)期(qi)120左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)(you)、降雨量(liang)650毫米左(zuo)(zuo)右(you)(you)。全縣(xian)平均無霜(shuang)期(qi)115天(tian)(tian)、年降雨量(liang)588毫米,年日照時數2377小(xiao)時。
4.人(ren)文歷史情(qing)況:據(ju)1992年(nian)(nian)縣(xian)(xian)志記載,嘉蔭縣(xian)(xian)農(nong)業發(fa)展(zhan)的歷史很短。解(jie)放前,采金工作用的糧食多數(shu)靠(kao)外進(jin)。1927年(nian)(nian)全縣(xian)(xian)百多戶(hu)農(nong)民僅有3000多畝(mu)耕地(di)。解(jie)放后(hou),農(nong)業生產(chan)發(fa)展(zhan)迅速。耕地(di)面(mian)積由1949年(nian)(nian)41700畝(mu)發(fa)展(zhan)到1985年(nian)(nian)393000畝(mu),到目前為止,嘉蔭縣(xian)(xian)耕地(di)面(mian)積已達1316200畝(mu)。糧食主(zhu)要(yao)作物是(shi)大豆(dou)、水稻等。
三.地域范圍
嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)水(shui)稻產(chan)地位于黑龍江(jiang)省伊春市嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣,縣所(suo)轄3鎮(zhen)(zhen)6鄉(xiang):烏云(yun)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、朝陽鎮(zhen)(zhen)、烏拉嘎鎮(zhen)(zhen)、常勝鄉(xiang)、滬嘉(jia)(jia)鄉(xiang)、向陽鄉(xiang)、紅光鄉(xiang)、青山鄉(xiang)、保興(xing)鄉(xiang)。地理坐標為(wei)(wei):東經129°09′-130°45′,北緯48°07′-49°25′,全縣平均海拔(ba)230米(mi)左右(you)。嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)縣北與俄羅斯隔江(jiang)相望(wang),以黑龍江(jiang)為(wei)(wei)界。西至常勝、滬嘉(jia)(jia)、青山分別與遜克(ke)縣、湯旺河林區接壤,南至烏拉嘎、保興(xing)與鶴崗、蘿北接壤,區域保護面積150000公頃(qing)(qing)。生產(chan)面積800公頃(qing)(qing),年總產(chan)量4800噸。
四.產品品質特(te)性特(te)征
1.外在感(gan)官特征(zheng):水稻(dao)所生產的大(da)米(mi),形狀縱長,長度約為(wei)0.8mm左右,寬度為(wei)0.3mm左右白(bai)色顆(ke)粒。
2.內(nei)在品質指(zhi)標:嘉蔭水稻生產的大米(mi)營養(yang)豐富(fu),含蛋(dan)白質、糖(tang)類(lei)、鈣、磷、鐵、葡萄糖(tang)、果(guo)糖(tang)、麥芽(ya)糖(tang)、維生素B1、維生素B2等。
3.安全要求:嘉蔭(yin)(yin)水稻嚴(yan)格按照《嘉蔭(yin)(yin)縣無公害水稻生(sheng)產(chan)操作技術規程》NY 5115-2002進行(xing)操作,嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行(xing)肥料(liao)使用的標(biao)準(zhun)NY/T 496。嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行(xing)農藥(yao)使用的標(biao)準(zhun)GB 4285、GB/T 8321(所有部(bu)分)。嚴(yan)格遵守《農產(chan)品質(zhi)量安全法》規定。
五.特(te)定生產方式
1.產(chan)地(di)選擇(ze):在全縣各鄉鎮選擇(ze)土壤(rang)肥沃(wo)、耕性良好(hao)的土壤(rang),應符合NY 5116-2002的規定(ding)。
2.品種(zhong)選(xuan)擇:選(xuan)用(yong)通過國家或地方審定(ding)并(bing)在當地示范成功的(de)優(you)質、高產品種(zhong)。種(zhong)子質量(liang)應(ying)符合GB4404.1的(de)規定(ding)。選(xuan)用(yong)抗(kang)蟲、抗(kang)病性強的(de)品種(zhong),并(bing)注意定(ding)期(qi)更換(huan)。
3.生(sheng)產過程管理: 3.1.合(he)理稀植 直播稻(dao):播種(zhong)(zhong)量常規稻(dao)為(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)(mi) 3kg-4kg,雜(za)(za)交(jiao)(jiao)稻(dao)2kg-2.5kg。提(ti)倡采用(yong)生(sheng)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)衣(yi)劑包衣(yi)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)子,以防地(di)下(xia)害(hai)蟲危害(hai)。要求注意播種(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)量,確保全苗(miao)。播種(zhong)(zhong)出苗(miao)后應及(ji)時(shi)疏(shu)密補空。移栽(zai)(zai)稻(dao):早、晚稻(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植密度常規稻(dao)一(yi)般為(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)2萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)3本(ben)(ben)-4本(ben)(ben),雜(za)(za)交(jiao)(jiao)稻(dao)為(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)(mi) 1.5萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)-2.0萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)1本(ben)(ben)-2本(ben)(ben);單季稻(dao)為(wei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667 平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)(mi) 1.2萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)-1.7萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue),常規稻(dao)每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)3本(ben)(ben)-4本(ben)(ben),雜(za)(za)交(jiao)(jiao)稻(dao)1本(ben)(ben)-2本(ben)(ben)。提(ti)倡寬行(xing)窄(zhai)株(zhu)或寬窄(zhai)行(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)植,移栽(zai)(zai)規格早、晚稻(dao)為(wei)25.0cm×13.3cm-16.7cm或(33.3cm+16.7cm)×13.3cm-16.7cm,即(ji)行(xing)距(ju)25.0cm,株(zhu)距(ju)13.3cm-16.7cm或寬行(xing)33.3cm、窄(zhai)行(xing)16.7cm、株(zhu)距(ju)13.3cm-16.7cm;單降稻(dao)為(wei)25cm-30cm×16.7cm或(33.3cm+16.7cm)×16.7cm。超級(ji)稻(dao)優質(zhi)稻(dao)起(qi)畦(qi)超稀植栽(zai)(zai)培,移栽(zai)(zai)規格33.3cm×20.0cm-25.0cm,每(mei)(mei)(mei)667平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)0.8萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue)-1.0萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)2本(ben)(ben)。
3.2.平衡施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 有機、無(wu)機結合(he),氮、磷、鉀(jia)配合(he)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong):提倡測土配方(fang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),一(yi)般有機肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)占總施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量的30%以(yi)上,氮∶磷∶鉀(jia)(N∶五氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)二磷∶氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鉀(jia))一(yi)般為1∶0.5∶1。嚴格控(kong)制施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)氮和施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)總量:每(mei)667 平方(fang)米大田施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)總量為早、晚稻控(kong)制在純氮(N)8 kg-12kg,磷(五氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)二磷)4 kg-5kg,鉀(jia)(氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鉀(jia))8 kg-12kg,單季稻控(kong)制在純氮(N)12 kg-15 kg、磷(五氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)二磷)6kg-7kg、鉀(jia)(氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)鉀(jia))12kg-15kg,施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硫酸鋅1kg-2kg。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方(fang)法:施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)足基面肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),適施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)蘗肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和穗(sui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。一(yi)般氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)50%~70%作基面肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),20%-30%作分(fen)蘗肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),10%-20%作穗(sui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei);磷肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)全(quan)部作基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong);鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)基、蘗肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)各占50%。也可采用(yong)一(yi)次(ci)性全(quan)層施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),將(jiang)專用(yong)復配肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料在平田時一(yi)次(ci)性施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入耕(geng)作層土壤(rang),但(dan)在砂壤(rang)田不宜采用(yong)。
3.3.合理灌溉 灌溉水質要(yao)求:應符合NY 5116-2002的(de)規定。灌溉方法:返青(qing)期(qi)保(bao)持淺水層,分蘗期(qi)濕潤灌溉,苗(miao)數(shu)達到穗數(shu)的(de)80%-90%時開始露(lu)田和曬田,采取多次(ci)輕曬,以控制無效分蘗,促進根系下扎生長和壯(zhuang)稈(gan)健株。穗分化后灌水并保(bao)持淺水層至抽穗揚花期(qi)。灌漿成熟期(qi)間歇灌溉、干濕交替。收(shou)獲前7天左(zuo)右斷水。
3.4.有(you)害(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)控(kong)治(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)術 農(nong)(nong)業(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)抗性(xing)強的(de)(de)品(pin)種(zhong)。品(pin)種(zhong)定期(qi)(qi)(qi)輪(lun)換,保持(chi)品(pin)種(zhong)抗性(xing),減輕病蟲害(hai)的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)合(he)理耕作(zuo)制(zhi)度、輪(lun)作(zuo)換茬、種(zhong)養(稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)鴨、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)魚、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)蟹等)結(jie)合(he)、健身栽培等農(nong)(nong)藝措施(shi),減少有(you)害(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):通過選擇對(dui)(dui)天(tian)敵(di)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)傷力小(xiao)的(de)(de)中(zhong)、低毒性(xing)代(dai)學農(nong)(nong)藥(yao),避開自(zi)然天(tian)敵(di)對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)的(de)(de)敏感時(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi),創(chuang)造(zao)適(shi)宜自(zi)然天(tian)敵(di)繁殖的(de)(de)環(huan)境等措施(shi),保持(chi)天(tian)敵(di);利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)及釋放(fang)天(tian)敵(di)控(kong)制(zhi)有(you)害(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。物(wu)(wu)(wu)理防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)黑光(guang)燈(deng)、震頻式(shi)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲燈(deng)、色(se)光(guang)板等物(wu)(wu)(wu)理裝置誘(you)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)鱗翅目、同翅目害(hai)蟲。藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(病害(hai)):稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病依(yi)(yi)(yi)據GB/T 15790的(de)(de)規(gui)定,當(dang)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病的(de)(de)中(zhong)心病團出(chu)現(xian)時(shi),每(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)三環(huan)唑20g-25g或(huo)(huo)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟靈28g-40g噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)紋枯(ku)病依(yi)(yi)(yi)據GB/T 15791的(de)(de)規(gui)定,在水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)分蘗(bo)至孕(yun)穗期(qi)(qi)(qi)、抽穗期(qi)(qi)(qi),當(dang)分蘗(bo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)叢(cong)發(fa)病率在15%~20%、孕(yun)穗期(qi)(qi)(qi)30%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)時(shi),每(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)井(jing)崗霉素10g-12.5g加(jia)水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)1-2次(ci),低于此指標可以(yi)(yi)(yi)不施(shi)農(nong)(nong)藥(yao)。白葉枯(ku)病在白葉枯(ku)病常發(fa)區,于發(fa)病初(chu)(chu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)葉枯(ku)唑30g-40g加(jia)水(shui)(shui)50 kg噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi);尤(you)其(qi)在大風(feng)、暴雨(yu)、洪澇等災害(hai)之后,水(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)葉片受到損傷,應及時(shi)噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)述藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),防(fang)(fang)止病情暴發(fa)。惡苗病采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)抗二硫氰基甲烷(wan)或(huo)(huo)咪鮮胺(an)溶(rong)液浸種(zhong)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)曲病在孕(yun)穗中(zhong)、后期(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)井(jing)崗霉素10g-12.5g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)50 kg對(dui)(dui)穗部進(jin)行(xing)(xing)噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)。藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(蟲害(hai)):二化螟(ming)依(yi)(yi)(yi)據GB/T 15792及NY/T 59的(de)(de)規(gui)定,在稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)苗枯(ku)鞘(qiao)高(gao)峰(feng)期(qi)(qi)(qi),每(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲雙36g-45g或(huo)(huo)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲單(dan)45g-55g或(huo)(huo)三唑磷20g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu),但蠶桑養殖地(di)區不宜使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲雙、殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲單(dan)。三化螟(ming)根(gen)據蟲情預報(bao),掌(zhang)握在螟(ming)卵孵化初(chu)(chu)盛(sheng)期(qi)(qi)(qi),每(mei)667 平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)卵塊發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)量在50塊以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)田(tian)塊進(jin)行(xing)(xing)藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi),藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)種(zhong)類同二化螟(ming)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)飛虱依(yi)(yi)(yi)據GB/T 15794的(de)(de)規(gui)定,當(dang)百(bai)(bai)叢(cong)蟲量達1500頭(tou)-2000頭(tou),每(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)噻嗪(qin)酮7g-10g或(huo)(huo)吡蟲啉1.5g-2g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)50 kg,針對(dui)(dui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)株(zhu)中(zhong)下部噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)縱卷葉螟(ming)依(yi)(yi)(yi)據GB/T 15793的(de)(de)規(gui)定,掌(zhang)握在主害(hai)代(dai)1、2齡幼蟲盛(sheng)發(fa)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)葉初(chu)(chu)卷期(qi)(qi)(qi))。當(dang)分蘗(bo)期(qi)(qi)(qi)百(bai)(bai)叢(cong)幼蟲65頭(tou)-85頭(tou)、孕(yun)穗期(qi)(qi)(qi)40頭(tou)-60頭(tou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)時(shi),進(jin)行(xing)(xing)藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi),藥(yao)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲雙、殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲單(dan);此外,也可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)毒死蜱32g-40g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)株(zhu)中(zhong)、上(shang)(shang)(shang)部。稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)薊馬在苗期(qi)(qi)(qi)出(chu)現(xian)葉尖卷曲率在10%以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)、百(bai)(bai)株(zhu)蟲量300頭(tou)-500頭(tou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)時(shi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)蟲雙27g-36g或(huo)(huo)丁硫克百(bai)(bai)威或(huo)(huo)吡蟲啉1.5g-2g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)。雜(za)草(cao)(cao)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi):秧田(tian)雜(za)草(cao)(cao)于播種(zhong)后0-10d,每(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)草(cao)(cao)丹乳油(you)100g-125g、禾草(cao)(cao)敵(di)乳油(you)96g-140g或(huo)(huo)丁草(cao)(cao)胺(an)30g或(huo)(huo)芐嘧磺(huang)隆1.5g-2g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)30kg噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu)。移栽前雜(za)草(cao)(cao)在移栽前2d-10d,每(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)百(bai)(bai)草(cao)(cao)枯(ku)20g-40g兌(dui)(dui)水(shui)(shui)50kg細噴(pen)(pen)霧(wu)(wu),殺(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)滅田(tian)間雜(za)草(cao)(cao)。本田(tian)雜(za)草(cao)(cao)于移栽后5d-10d,每(mei)667平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)禾草(cao)(cao)丹乳油(you)100g-125g或(huo)(huo)吡嘧磺(huang)隆6.25g或(huo)(huo)田(tian)草(cao)(cao)光(guang)(芐嘧磺(huang)隆與丁草(cao)(cao)胺(an)復配(pei)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji))25g-30g拌(ban)化肥(fei)或(huo)(huo)細泥土30kg撒施(shi)。
4.產品收獲:實行無公害稻(dao)谷(gu)與普(pu)通稻(dao)谷(gu)分收、分曬。禁止在公路、瀝(li)青路面(mian)及粉塵污染嚴(yan)重的地方脫(tuo)粒、曬谷(gu)。
5.生產記錄(lu):對嘉(jia)蔭水(shui)稻生產的全過程,要建立田間生產技(ji)術(shu)檔案,全面記載,以備查閱。
六.包裝標(biao)識相關規定
嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)水稻(dao)收獲(huo)后,脫(tuo)粒進行包裝,在運輸過(guo)程中:運輸工具應清(qing)潔、干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)、有(you)(you)防雨設施(shi)。嚴(yan)禁(jin)(jin)與(yu)有(you)(you)毒、有(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)、有(you)(you)腐(fu)蝕性、有(you)(you)異(yi)(yi)味(wei)的物品(pin)(pin)混運。在避光、常溫(wen)、干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)和(he)有(you)(you)防潮設施(shi)的地方貯(zhu)藏(zang)。貯(zhu)藏(zang)設施(shi)應清(qing)潔、干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)、通風(feng)、無蟲害(hai)(hai)和(he)鼠害(hai)(hai)。嚴(yan)禁(jin)(jin)與(yu)有(you)(you)毒、有(you)(you)害(hai)(hai)、有(you)(you)腐(fu)蝕性、易發霉、發潮、有(you)(you)異(yi)(yi)味(wei)的物品(pin)(pin)混存(cun)。產(chan)品(pin)(pin)使用“嘉(jia)(jia)蔭(yin)(yin)水稻(dao)”農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地理標志。