玄關的(de)種類 常見(jian)的(de)6類玄關詳解
玄關的種類 常見的6類玄關詳解(jie)
“玄(xuan)關(guan)(guan)(guan)”或稱“玄(xuan)關(guan)(guan)(guan)竅”、“玄(xuan)關(guan)(guan)(guan)門(men)(men)”,按練養(yang)派傳統觀點,認為只有(you)修(xiu)玄(xuan)關(guan)(guan)(guan)才是“正道(dao)”,否則(ze)統屬“旁(pang)門(men)(men)”。古氣功詩說:“道(dao)法三(san)千六(liu)百門(men)(men),人人各(ge)執(zhi)兩(liang)(liang)邊(bian)根(gen),〈兩(liang)(liang)邊(bian),指有(you)、無〉,誰(shui)知些子玄(xuan)微處〈或稱玄(xuan)關(guan)(guan)(guan)竅〉,不在(zai)三(san)千六(liu)百門(men)(men)”。關(guan)(guan)(guan)于三(san)千六(liu)百門(men)(men)之說,見于李道(dao)純《中和集(ji)》旁(pang)門(men)(men)九品。總之,許(xu)多(duo)門(men)(men)派皆以(yi)玄(xuan)關(guan)(guan)(guan)〈或玄(xuan)牝〉為修(xiu)持之根(gen)本門(men)(men)徑,但所指不沒,試舉如下:
玄關的種類 常見的6類玄關詳解
1.空洞無涯
“空(kong)洞(dong)無涯”為玄關者,《性命圭(gui)旨》在論玄關時說:“……修丹之(zhi)(zhi)士不(bu)(bu)明祖竅則真息不(bu)(bu)住(zhu),而(er)神(shen)化無基(ji);藥物不(bu)(bu)全而(er)大丹不(bu)(bu)結(jie)。蓋此竅是總持之(zhi)(zhi)門,萬法之(zhi)(zhi)都。若何(he)可也,受師訣曰:空(kong)洞(dong)無涯是玄竅,知而(er)不(bu)(bu)守(shou)是功夫,常將真我安止其中(zhong),如如不(bu)(bu)動,寂(ji)寂(ji)惺惺,內(nei)外(wai)兩(liang)忘,渾(hun)然無事,則神(shen)戀氣(qi)而(er)凝,命戀性而(er)住(zhu),不(bu)(bu)歸一而(er)一自(zi)歸,不(bu)(bu)守(shou)中(zhong)而(er)中(zhong)自(zi)守(shou),中(zhong)心(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)既(ji)實,五行之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)自(zi)虛,此老子抱一守(shou)中(zhong),虛心(xin)實腹之(zhi)(zhi)本旨也。”
2.守中
以(yi)意(yi)識之“中(zhong)(zhong)”即“守(shou)中(zhong)(zhong)”為(wei)玄關(guan)者(zhe),有以(yi)下諸說:……玄關(guan)一(yi)(yi)竅(qiao)名為(wei)玄牝。此(ci)竅(qiao)非凡竅(qiao),中(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)復一(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong),萬神從此(ci)出(chu),真(zhen)(zhen)氣與天通(tong),真(zhen)(zhen)人潛(qian)深淵(yuan),浮游守(shou)規中(zhong)(zhong)〈或“此(ci)竅(qiao)實居(ju)中(zhong)(zhong),中(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)復一(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong),萬神從此(ci)出(chu),直(zhi)上與天通(tong)”〉。“心不(bu)起波之謂(wei)平,心執其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)之謂(wei)平,平即在(zai)此(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye),心在(zai)此(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)乃不(bu)起波,此(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)即丹(dan)經之玄關(guan)一(yi)(yi)竅(qiao)也(ye)”。“允(yun)執厥中(zhong)(zhong)”〈允(yun)者(zhe),適(shi)當;執者(zhe),保持;厥,其(qi)也(ye)〉。“四維不(bu)著,玄關(guan)可得”。“黃庭一(yi)(yi)室(shi)須要(yao)精,精在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)間一(yi)(yi)點靈,切(qie)莫糊涂為(wei)隱(yin)秘,黃庭便是(shi)真(zhen)(zhen)玄關(guan)”。〈按:對黃庭一(yi)(yi)辭亦(yi)有兩說,一(yi)(yi)指(zhi)身(shen)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)位(wei);一(yi)(yi)指(zhi)意(yi)識境界。此(ci)指(zhi)意(yi)識之中(zhong)(zhong)〉。
3.念頭動處
“念頭動處(chu)為玄牝”,“玄關一竅最難明,不(bu)得心傳莫妄行,若識念從何處(chu)起(qi),方知道(dao)在個中生,陰陽未判原無象(xiang),日月(yue)相交豈有情,君要更(geng)知端的意(yi),中天日午正三更(geng)”。實際此說(shuo)與(yu)前(qian)二(er)說(shuo)并無二(er)致,蓋喜怒哀樂(le)未發(fa)之(zhi)謂中,即念頭動處(chu)是也。
以上三例皆(jie)內丹家之(zhi)說(shuo),偏重(zhong)于(yu)性功,上說(shuo)與(yu)佛家之(zhi)“總持(chi)門(men)(men)”或“大總持(chi)門(men)(men)”,“大陀羅尼(ni)門(men)(men)”其義相通(tong)。“總持(chi)門(men)(men)”義為(wei)“總一切(qie)法,持(chi)無量義”。
4.炁穴
炁穴(xue)(xue)為玄關(guan)(guan):“玄關(guan)(guan)者炁穴(xue)(xue)也,神入炁中(zhong)如在(zai)深穴(xue)(xue)之(zhi)中(zhong)也,神炁相(xiang)戀則玄關(guan)(guan)之(zhi)體已(yi)立(li)”。
5.炁動
炁動為玄關,有“炁發由成(cheng)竅,機息(xi)則渺茫”以及“藥(yao)物(wu)生(sheng)玄竅”之(zhi)說〈按:此有二(er)說,①有藥(yao)物(wu)才能產(chan)生(sheng)玄竅,②藥(yao)物(wu)生(sheng)于玄竅之(zhi)中,即先有玄竅后生(sheng)藥(yao)物(wu),此二(er)說都對(dui),但所指不同,此取前(qian)說〉。
6.筑基
筑基成(cheng)(cheng)為玄(xuan)關,“……《黃庭經》云,兩腎(shen)水(shui)王(wang)對生門,出入日月呼吸存,是一(yi)身上下之(zhi)正中(zhong),樞轄經緯(wei),前向(xiang)臍,后對腎(shen),有(you)如混沌(dun),心腎(shen)合(he)為一(yi)脈(mo),其(qi)白如綿,其(qi)連(lian)如環,廣一(yi)寸二(er)分,包一(yi)身之(zhi)精粹(cui),元氣系之(zhi)于此(ci),修真(zhen)之(zhi)士采鉛投(tou)汞,一(yi)點(dian)落在(zai)此(ci)中(zhong),所謂立(li)基一(yi)百日也,此(ci)其(qi)即成(cheng)(cheng),方名玄(xuan)牝”。