中國四大名石是什么?
中(zhong)國四大(da)名石:壽山石、昌(chang)化石、青(qing)田石、巴林(lin)石。
1、壽山石:壽山石產(chan)自于(yu)福州市晉(jin)安區是(shi)國(guo)家地理(li)標志產(chan)品,是(shi)一(yi)種比較名貴的(de)石頭(tou)質地晶(jing)瑩剔(ti)透,色(se)彩斑斕具有人(ren)文性和升值的(de)空間受到(dao)很多國(guo)內外人(ren)民喜歡,2003年被評選為(wei)國(guo)石一(yi)般(ban)在(zai)田(tian)底和山洞開采出(chu)來的(de)現(xian)在(zai)有近100種。
2、昌(chang)化(hua)石:昌(chang)化(hua)石產(chan)自于浙(zhe)江(jiang)省臨(lin)安昌(chang)化(hua)鎮(zhen),含有高嶺石等(deng)粘土礦(kuang)物這(zhe)種(zhong)石頭比較堅硬質地比較細(xi)膩,有很(hen)(hen)多種(zhong)顏色(se)其中包括白(bai)色(se)、黑色(se)、黃色(se)、灰(hui)色(se)等(deng)有很(hen)(hen)多品種(zhong)根據顏色(se)來劃分最知名的(de)昌(chang)化(hua)雞血石和(he)青田石、巴林石、壽(shou)山(shan)石并稱為中國四(si)大名石。
3、青(qing)田(tian)石:青(qing)田(tian)石產(chan)自于浙江青(qing)田(tian)縣這種(zhong)(zhong)石頭的(de)(de)顏(yan)色以青(qing)色為(wei)基(ji)本色,其中具有代表性的(de)(de)名品(pin)有魚腦凍、醬油凍、封門青(qing)、田(tian)墨、田(tian)白(bai)等(deng)多個品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),看(kan)上(shang)去色彩斑(ban)斕花紋很奇特應用于中國(guo)篆刻(ke)藝術印材,被稱(cheng)為(wei)中國(guo)四大名石之一(yi)古代印章都是用的(de)(de)這種(zhong)(zhong)石頭。
4、巴(ba)(ba)林石(shi):巴(ba)(ba)林石(shi)來(lai)自于內蒙古赤(chi)峰巴(ba)(ba)林右旗,這里有一個叫雅馬圖(tu)的山峰產這種巴(ba)(ba)林印石(shi)。這種石(shi)頭的硬度和透明度很高而且質地(di)很細膩和其它的石(shi)頭相比特(te)別有光澤(ze)紋(wen)理(li)比較奇特(te)含有豐富的礦(kuang)物質成分有很多(duo)種顏色其中(zhong)包括赤(chi)橙黃綠(lv)藍靛紫(zi)等(deng)7種基本(ben)顏色另(ling)外(wai)還有深淺濃淡(dan)清濁(zhuo)明暗等(deng)色調(diao),看起來(lai)色彩繽紛十分好看。
中國各地盛產的名石盤點
1、云南
云南(nan)大(da)理(li)的點(dian)蒼石(shi)早(zao)就是名石(shi),民間開(kai)采(cai)已有(you)一千多年歷史。除了石(shi)畫外,還有(you)天然形態的觀賞石(shi)。云南(nan)還有(you)綏江(jiang)縣(xian)的金沙江(jiang)卵(luan)石(shi),色彩特(te)別(bie)豐富;玉龍山石(shi),石(shi)灰巖石(shi)(類英石(shi)),石(shi)態很美。
2、貴州
貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)較(jiao)有(you)(you)(you)名(ming)的(de)觀賞(shang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)青(qing)(qing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、盤(pan)江奇石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、紫袍玉帶(dai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。盤(pan)江奇石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)玲(ling)瓏(long)類(lei)、象形類(lei)、怪(guai)異類(lei)、山巒類(lei)、條狀類(lei)。以(yi)(yi)玲(ling)瓏(long)類(lei)、怪(guai)異類(lei)為特(te)色。紫袍玉帶(dai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)產(chan)于(yu)貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)東北梵凈山區,雪青(qing)(qing)紫色,中有(you)(you)(you)白玉紋(wen)理(li),有(you)(you)(you)悅目的(de)絲(si)絹光澤,格調高(gao)古獨特(te)。有(you)(you)(you)人預測為未(wei)來名(ming)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)青(qing)(qing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在“中國第四屆賞(shang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)展(zhan)”(1999年,山東淄博市)上以(yi)(yi)“別具風采”得到好評。貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)的(de)各類(lei)化(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也很有(you)(you)(you)名(ming)。如貴(gui)(gui)(gui)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)龍(long)化(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、海百會化(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、珊瑚(hu)化(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、樹化(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等。
3、廣東
廣東較有名的觀賞石(shi)(shi)(shi)有古今名石(shi)(shi)(shi)英德石(shi)(shi)(shi),黃蠟石(shi)(shi)(shi),陽春的孔雀石(shi)(shi)(shi)和廣寧玉(yu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)。
4、江蘇
太湖石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、昆石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、雨花石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合稱江(jiang)蘇三(san)大名石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。太湖石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、昆石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與(yu)安徽靈(ling)璧(bi)(bi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、廣(guang)東英石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合稱中(zhong)國四(si)大名石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),都(dou)入載《云林石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)譜》,享譽古(gu)今(jin)中(zhong)外。呂梁石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、竹(zhu)葉石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是徐(xu)州的名石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。徐(xu)州還(huan)擁有(you)靈(ling)璧(bi)(bi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的“半璧(bi)(bi)江(jiang)山(shan)”,靈(ling)璧(bi)(bi)縣與(yu)徐(xu)州相鄰,古(gu)時屬徐(xu)州,現在(zai)還(huan)有(you)半截山(shan)脈屬徐(xu)州。徐(xu)州擁有(you)的靈(ling)璧(bi)(bi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不少于(yu)靈(ling)璧(bi)(bi)縣。南京的棲霞石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)“中(zhong)國第四(si)屆(jie)賞(shang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)展(zhan)”上以“意境深邃(sui)”受到好評(ping)。徐(xu)州舉辦(ban)過(guo)“中(zhong)國第三(san)屆(jie)賞(shang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)展(zhan)”(1996年)。南京是全國五大奇石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)市場(chang)之一(yi)。
5、安徽
安(an)(an)徽(hui)省(sheng)的(de)靈璧(bi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)被譽為“天下第(di)一(yi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)”,除靈璧(bi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)外,安(an)(an)徽(hui)還(huan)(huan)有(you)一(yi)些較知名的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)。如(ru)無為軍石(shi)(shi)(shi)(巢(chao)湖(hu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、太湖(hu)石(shi)(shi)(shi)類),因被宋(song)代米芾(fei)稱為石(shi)(shi)(shi)兄,具(ju)衣(yi)冠(guan)而拜,并(bing)傳頌古今。還(huan)(huan)有(you)巢(chao)湖(hu)散兵石(shi)(shi)(shi)、淮南(nan)龜紋石(shi)(shi)(shi)、宣(xuan)州雪石(shi)(shi)(shi)等多種(zhong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)種(zhong)。
6、浙江
浙江(jiang)歷史上(shang)以產昌化石(shi)出名(ming)。觀賞(shang)石(shi)也有(you)入載《云林石(shi)譜》的(de)。前文提到十大名(ming)石(shi)中(zhong)的(de)兩(liang)種就是浙江(jiang)衢州所產的(de)開化石(shi)和常山石(shi)。
7、福建
福建較為有名的觀(guan)賞石是九龍(long)璧石。
8、山東
山(shan)(shan)東(dong)省的(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)種有(you)上百(bai)種之多。主(zhu)要產于沂蒙山(shan)(shan)區,以山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)主(zhu),臨(lin)朐是一(yi)個主(zhu)產地。還有(you)海石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。最有(you)名(ming)的(de)有(you)淄博文石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、嶗山(shan)(shan)綠石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、齊彩(cai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(也叫臨(lin)朐五彩(cai)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi))、費縣天景(jing)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、臨(lin)朐紅絲石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、竹節石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和長島球石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。還有(you)杏山(shan)(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、徐公石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、雪浪(lang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、棗花(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、紫金(jin)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、太湖石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、金(jin)錢石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、龜紋(wen)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等。
9、北京
北(bei)京(jing)的(de)觀(guan)賞石(shi)有京(jing)西的(de)軒轅石(shi)(也叫北(bei)辰石(shi))、菊花石(shi)、房山太湖石(shi)。頤和園(yuan)就有一塊乾隆(long)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)親(qin)自(zi)題詩的(de)明代米萬(wan)鐘遺石(shi)房山太湖石(shi)(因此(ci)石(shi)太重搬(ban)到半(ban)路(lu)搬(ban)不動而被(bei)遺棄,乾隆(long)皇(huang)帝(di)(di)用大量人力(li)搬(ban)回)。
10、宜昌
湖(hu)北宜(yi)(yi)昌市是(shi)長(chang)江(jiang)三峽的(de)(de)門戶,宜(yi)(yi)昌的(de)(de)三峽奇石(shi)(shi)(shi),早(zao)已聞名于世,入載《云林石(shi)(shi)(shi)譜》。湖(hu)北境內800里長(chang)的(de)(de)清江(jiang),在宜(yi)(yi)都的(de)(de)陸城(cheng)鎮(zhen)流(liu)入長(chang)江(jiang),奇石(shi)(shi)(shi)資源十分豐富。據(ju)說(shuo)有(you)近百(bai)種之多(duo)。最出名的(de)(de)有(you)菊花石(shi)(shi)(shi)、百(bai)鶴石(shi)(shi)(shi)和云錦石(shi)(shi)(shi)。百(bai)鶴石(shi)(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)(shi)體呈層(ceng)狀,由霞紅、果綠(lv)、奶白三色交錯相映,質地細潤,是(shi)含海百(bai)合莖、珊瑚蟲等化(hua)石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)生物灰巖。湖(hu)北還產著名的(de)(de)孔雀(que)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、綠(lv)松(song)石(shi)(shi)(shi)。湖(hu)北也是(shi)奇石(shi)(shi)(shi)大省。