一、伺服系統是什么意思

伺服系統（servomechanism）又稱隨(sui)(sui)(sui)動(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，是(shi)(shi)用(yong)來精確地(di)跟(gen)(gen)隨(sui)(sui)(sui)或(huo)(huo)復(fu)現(xian)某個過程(cheng)的反(fan)(fan)饋(kui)(kui)控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。伺服系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)使(shi)(shi)物體(ti)的位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)、方位(wei)、狀(zhuang)態等輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)被(bei)控(kong)量(liang)能夠跟(gen)(gen)隨(sui)(sui)(sui)輸(shu)入目標（或(huo)(huo)給定值）的任(ren)意變化(hua)的自(zi)動(dong)控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。它的主要(yao)任(ren)務(wu)是(shi)(shi)按控(kong)制命令的要(yao)求、對(dui)功(gong)率(lv)進行放大、變換(huan)與(yu)調控(kong)等處理，使(shi)(shi)驅動(dong)裝置(zhi)(zhi)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)的力矩、速度(du)和位(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)控(kong)制非(fei)常靈活(huo)方便。在很(hen)多情況下，伺服系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)專指被(bei)控(kong)制量(liang)（系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)量(liang)）是(shi)(shi)機械位(wei)移(yi)或(huo)(huo)位(wei)移(yi)速度(du)、加速度(du)的反(fan)(fan)饋(kui)(kui)控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，其作(zuo)用(yong)是(shi)(shi)使(shi)(shi)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)的機械位(wei)移(yi)（或(huo)(huo)轉角）準確地(di)跟(gen)(gen)蹤輸(shu)入的位(wei)移(yi)（或(huo)(huo)轉角），其結構組成和其他形式的反(fan)(fan)饋(kui)(kui)控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)沒有(you)原則上(shang)的區別(bie)。伺服系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)最初用(yong)于國(guo)防軍工，如火(huo)炮的控(kong)制，船艦、飛(fei)機的自(zi)動(dong)駕駛，導彈發射等，后(hou)來逐漸推(tui)廣到國(guo)民經濟的許多部(bu)門(men)，如自(zi)動(dong)機床(chuang)、無線(xian)跟(gen)(gen)蹤控(kong)制等。

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二、伺服系統由哪幾個部分組成

伺服系統主要由三部(bu)分組(zu)成：控制(zhi)器，功(gong)率驅動(dong)裝置和電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機。控制(zhi)器按照數控系統的(de)(de)給定值(zhi)和通過(guo)反(fan)饋(kui)裝置檢測的(de)(de)實際運行值(zhi)的(de)(de)差(cha)，調(diao)(diao)節控制(zhi)量；功(gong)率驅動(dong)裝置作(zuo)(zuo)為系統的(de)(de)主回路(lu)，一(yi)方面按控制(zhi)量的(de)(de)大小(xiao)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網中(zhong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能作(zuo)(zuo)用到電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機之上，調(diao)(diao)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機轉矩的(de)(de)大小(xiao)，另一(yi)方面按電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機的(de)(de)要求(qiu)把(ba)恒(heng)(heng)壓恒(heng)(heng)頻的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網供電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉換為電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機所需的(de)(de)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)或直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機則按供電(dian)(dian)(dian)大小(xiao)拖動(dong)機械運轉。

三、伺服系統的主要作用

1、以小功(gong)率指令(ling)信號去(qu)控制大(da)功(gong)率負載。

2、在沒有機械連接的情況(kuang)下，由輸入軸(zhou)控制位(wei)于(yu)遠處的輸出軸(zhou)，實(shi)現遠距同步傳動。

3、使輸(shu)出機械位(wei)移精確地(di)跟蹤電信號，如記錄和(he)指示儀表(biao)等。