【冰(bing)箱(xiang)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機(ji)(ji)】冰(bing)箱(xiang)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機(ji)(ji)工作原(yuan)理 冰(bing)箱(xiang)壓(ya)縮(suo)(suo)機(ji)(ji)不(bu)啟動的原(yuan)因

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冰箱壓縮機工作原理

壓(ya)縮機電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機的(de)(de)定(ding)子繞(rao)(rao)組是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感線圈，由于運(yun)行(xing)繞(rao)(rao)組和啟(qi)動(dong)繞(rao)(rao)組的(de)(de)線徑和匝數不相同(tong)，因(yin)此阻(zu)抗(kang)也就(jiu)不同(tong)。當(dang)兩(liang)繞(rao)(rao)組接入交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)時(shi)，運(yun)行(xing)繞(rao)(rao)組中(zhong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)滯后電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)90°會產(chan)生(sheng)兩(liang)個不同(tong)的(de)(de)感抗(kang)值，雖(sui)然到(dao)(dao)達兩(liang)個繞(rao)(rao)組上的(de)(de)是(shi)同(tong)相位(wei)的(de)(de)50Hz交(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，而在兩(liang)個繞(rao)(rao)組上會產(chan)生(sheng)不同(tong)相位(wei)差的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值，起(qi)到(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)分(fen)相作用(yong)，產(chan)生(sheng)啟(qi)動(dong)轉矩。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機轉速達到(dao)(dao)額定(ding)轉速的(de)(de)70%~80%時(shi)，啟(qi)動(dong)繞(rao)(rao)組在啟(qi)動(dong)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)控制下斷開啟(qi)動(dong)繞(rao)(rao)組電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，只由運(yun)行(xing)繞(rao)(rao)組驅動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機運(yun)行(xing)。

冰箱壓縮機不啟動

檢查冰箱壓縮機不工作原因

1、冰箱溫(wen)度(du)(du)設置(zhi)過高，內部(bu)溫(wen)度(du)(du)已經達(da)到(dao)設定溫(wen)度(du)(du)，因此不啟(qi)動。

2、有(you)可能冰箱出現故障。

冰(bing)箱壓縮機不啟(qi)動會有以(yi)下八種(zhong)原因：

3、檢查(cha)外接電(dian)源以及(ji)壓縮機輸(shu)入電(dian)壓有無(wu)

檢查(cha)接(jie)電源、壓縮機(ji)輸(shu)入電壓是否符合標準要求(187V～242V)，用萬用表(biao)交流(liu)檔外接(jie)電源、壓縮機(ji)輸(shu)入電壓情(qing)況是否在此范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)之(zhi)內(nei)(nei)，如不符合要應采(cai)取(qu)措施調整到正常范(fan)圍(wei)(wei)之(zhi)內(nei)(nei)。

4、環(huan)境溫度過低

a. 環境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)過(guo)低(1～10℃)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，如(ru)果冰(bing)箱為人工補(bu)償(chang)方(fang)式，此(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)需要(yao)打開(kai)補(bu)償(chang)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)，如(ru)果磁性溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)補(bu)償(chang)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)，則需要(yao)檢查磁性開(kai)關(guan)(guan)是(shi)否正(zheng)常：因(yin)為環境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)過(guo)低，特別是(shi)對于雙溫(wen)(wen)單控冰(bing)箱的(de)冰(bing)箱，只要(yao)壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)工作很短時(shi)(shi)(shi)間冷(leng)藏室就達(da)到了(le)預定的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(1～10℃)，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)由于環境溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)低，冷(leng)藏室的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)回(hui)(hui)升很慢或不(bu)回(hui)(hui)升，壓(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)長時(shi)(shi)(shi)間不(bu)工作，停機(ji)的(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間過(guo)長，而造成(cheng)冷(leng)凍室的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)過(guo)高(gao)，達(da)不(bu)到-18℃以(yi)下。

b. 當環境(jing)溫度(du)低(di)于0℃時(shi)，應停止(zhi)使(shi)用冰(bing)箱：因為(wei)環境(jing)溫度(du)低(di)于0℃時(shi)，壓縮機油變(bian)稠，潤滑性能(neng)變(bian)差;同時(shi)冷(leng)凝壓力變(bian)低(di)，制冷(leng)劑不(bu)(bu)會流入(ru)蒸(zheng)發器，此時(shi)若繼續使(shi)用冰(bing)箱不(bu)(bu)會正常工作還(huan)可(ke)能(neng)會造成壓縮機損壞。

5、檢查溫控(kong)器或主控(kong)板是否正常

a. 首先檢查(cha)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器是(shi)否在“0”檔(dang)(dang)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)不(bu)在此(ci)檔(dang)(dang)位，再檢查(cha)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器是(shi)否正常：在通(tong)電(dian)的(de)情況下將(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器檔(dang)(dang)位調(diao)(diao)至強冷檔(dang)(dang)(無強冷檔(dang)(dang)則(ze)調(diao)(diao)到(dao)7檔(dang)(dang))，如(ru)(ru)(ru)果感(gan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)探(tan)頭在箱內(nei)也(ye)可用(yong)(yong)熱毛(mao)巾加溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器感(gan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)探(tan)頭，觀(guan)察壓縮機(ji)是(shi)否運行。如(ru)(ru)(ru)果壓縮機(ji)不(bu)啟動，則(ze)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器可能有(you)(you)故(gu)障(zhang)，此(ci)時(shi)可切斷(duan)電(dian)源拆下溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器用(yong)(yong)萬用(yong)(yong)表歐姆(mu)檔(dang)(dang)測(ce)(ce)量電(dian)源接(jie)點(dian)(dian)與壓縮機(ji)輸入接(jie)點(dian)(dian)是(shi)否導通(tong)(阻值為零，根據(ju)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器的(de)型號、參數標牌(pai)測(ce)(ce)量相應的(de)接(jie)點(dian)(dian))。如(ru)(ru)(ru)導通(tong)再檢查(cha)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器感(gan)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)是(shi)否有(you)(you)折斷(duan)、裂紋、泄(xie)露泄(xie)漏(lou)現象，如(ru)(ru)(ru)有(you)(you)則(ze)需(xu)要更換溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)(kong)(kong)器。

b. 對于電(dian)(dian)子控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統的(de)冰箱，在通電(dian)(dian)的(de)情況下，用(yong)(yong)萬用(yong)(yong)表交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)擋測量(liang)主(zhu)控(kong)板輸(shu)入電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)與(yu)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)正(zheng)常，顯示屏(ping)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)顯示壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮機工作?各傳感器是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)正(zheng)常?各接(jie)插件接(jie)觸是(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)正(zheng)常?如(ru)輸(shu)入端(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)正(zheng)常輸(shu)出端(duan)(duan)無電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)則(ze)說明主(zhu)控(kong)板有故障。

7、PTC啟動器故障

用萬(wan)用表歐(ou)(ou)姆檔測量PTC啟(qi)動器(qi)運(yun)行插孔與啟(qi)動插孔兩端(duan)的(de)阻值是(shi)否正常(chang)(chang)(常(chang)(chang)態下的(de)正常(chang)(chang)阻值在16～50歐(ou)(ou)姆之間)，如(ru)無窮(qiong)大或(huo)為0則PTC啟(qi)動器(qi)損壞，應更(geng)換。

8、過載保護器(qi)故障

用電流(liu)表測量壓縮機啟動(dong)、運行電流(liu)是否(fou)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)(啟動(dong)電流(liu)一(yi)般為(wei)運行電流(liu)的5～8倍左右)，如(ru)電流(liu)正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)過載(zai)保護器動(dong)作(zuo)，則(ze)過載(zai)保護器失靈，應(ying)更換(huan)。反之，則(ze)壓縮機有故障(zhang)。

9、壓縮(suo)機各連接(jie)點(dian)接(jie)觸是否良好

檢查壓縮機(ji)PTC啟動保護器各個插(cha)接如何，并重新插(cha)接通電測試(shi)。

10、壓縮機內部故障

如(ru)果測試壓縮機附件都(dou)正常，而壓縮機仍不能啟動(dong)，并且(qie)過載(zai)保護器動(dong)作(此時測量啟動(dong)電流過大)判定為壓縮機卡缸或壓縮機抱(bao)軸(zhou)，需要更(geng)換壓縮機。

11、壓(ya)縮機繞組短(duan)斷路

用萬用表歐姆擋測(ce)量三端的(de)電阻(zu)，如果測(ce)得某兩端的(de)阻(zu)值為(wei)零或者(zhe)無窮大則(ze)說(shuo)明該繞組為(wei)短路或者(zhe)斷路，則(ze)需要更換壓縮(suo)機(ji)。

引起壓縮機不啟動的其它因素：

1、壓縮機(ji)電(dian)機(ji)匝間短路。

2、溫度控制器不良。

3、過載保護(hu)器不良。

4、啟(qi)動(dong)繼電(dian)器(qi)損壞。首先用萬(wan)用表測壓縮機電(dian)動(dong)機阻值正常(chang)，再(zai)檢查(cha)溫(wen)度控制器(qi)良(liang)好，過(guo)載保護器(qi)無異常(chang)現象，估計(ji)啟(qi)動(dong)繼電(dian)器(qi)內(nei)部(bu)損壞。試用絕緣(yuan)導線(xian)將啟(qi)動(dong)接線(xian)柱和運轉接線(xian)柱接通，故障消失，判(pan)斷啟(qi)動(dong)繼電(dian)器(qi)損壞。

冰箱壓縮機不工作解決辦法

查溫控器(qi)、溫度補償開(kai)關（室(shi)溫低于10度應打開(kai)）、啟(qi)動(dong)器(qi)、過流保護器(qi)及(ji)壓縮(suo)機本(ben)身(shen)；

先把冰箱電源拔(ba)掉，然后把(ba)溫控器數字(zi)打到最大，再插上電源，觀(guan)察冰箱(xiang)壓(ya)縮機是否(fou)啟(qi)動運(yun)轉，如(ru)果會運(yun)轉，說(shuo)明壓(ya)縮機沒(mei)有問題，如(ru)果不運(yun)轉，溫控器就(jiu)有問題；

這種情況不是(shi)壓縮機壞就是(shi)溫(wen)控器(qi)壞！建議(yi)先(xian)檢查溫(wen)控器(qi)！

溫控器(qi)、壓(ya)縮機本身、啟動器(qi)、熱(re)保護器(qi)、制冷(leng)劑泄漏干(gan)凈，這幾個都可能(neng)。

燈亮說(shuo)(shuo)明電壓(ya)(ya)，主(zhu)線路(lu)基本正常。接下來查看溫(wen)控器(qi)(qi)，看有(you)(you)沒(mei)有(you)(you)220電壓(ya)(ya)送到壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)，如果沒(mei)有(you)(you)，說(shuo)(shuo)明溫(wen)控器(qi)(qi)損壞。如果有(you)(you)，檢查壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)的啟(qi)動線圈，啟(qi)動電阻(zu)等。過熱，過流保護器(qi)(qi)。以上檢查都沒(mei)有(you)(you)問題。必然是(shi)壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)損壞，只能(neng)更換。

冰箱壓縮機故障維修

1、接通(tong)電源后，使用木錘或(huo)橡膠錘輕(qing)輕(qing)敲打壓縮機的外殼，并不(bu)斷變(bian)換敲擊位置，此種(zhong)方法可排(pai)除輕(qing)微卡(ka)剛、抱住故障。

2、對于變頻壓(ya)縮(suo)機來說，可以(yi)利用調壓(ya)器將(jiang)電(dian)源電(dian)壓(ya)適當提高(gao)，或(huo)者(zhe)在壓(ya)縮(suo)機的啟動(dong)(dong)電(dian)路中串聯一個無極性電(dian)解電(dian)容(rong)(rong)作為啟動(dong)(dong)電(dian)容(rong)(rong)，以(yi)增(zeng)加(jia)壓(ya)縮(suo)機的啟動(dong)(dong)電(dian)流，來排(pai)除輕微卡缸，抱住故(gu)障。

3、對于嚴(yan)重的抱(bao)住，卡缸現(xian)象，則要更換新(xin)的壓(ya)縮機(ji)。