如何正確安裝木地板 防止踩踏發出聲響

多種原因都(dou)能導致地(di)板(ban)(ban)產生(sheng)響(xiang)聲。為了(le)避免響(xiang)聲的(de)出現(xian)，要選擇(ze)正(zheng)確的(de)安裝方法，搞好地(di)板(ban)(ban)的(de)防潮處(chu)理，合理預留縫隙，為消費者提(ti)供正(zheng)確使用維護(hu)方法。地(di)板(ban)(ban)的(de)響(xiang)聲一旦(dan)出現(xian)是很(hen)難(nan)處(chu)理，所以要采取積(ji)極(ji)的(de)預防措施就顯的(de)十分重要。找(zhao)出原因以后對癥下(xia)藥。

想(xiang)讓地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)沒有響聲(sheng)，就要先找出地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)發出響聲(sheng)的原因，一般(ban)來說，地(di)(di)(di)板(ban)有響聲(sheng)的原因有以下幾點：

按照木(mu)地(di)(di)板(ban)鋪裝、驗收和(he)使用規范(GB/T20238-2006)，地(di)(di)面(mian)的(de)(de)平整(zheng)度(du)為(wei)≤5mm/2m，安(an)裝木(mu)龍骨(gu)后的(de)(de)平整(zheng)度(du)為(wei)≤3mm/2m，實際地(di)(di)面(mian)的(de)(de)平整(zheng)度(du)很難達到要求(qiu)，安(an)裝人(ren)員不得(de)不在木(mu)龍骨(gu)的(de)(de)下面(mian)加墊(dian)片，有(you)(you)的(de)(de)是墊(dian)片沒有(you)(you)墊(dian)實或者沒有(you)(you)墊(dian)平，地(di)(di)板(ban)安(an)裝后，地(di)(di)板(ban)的(de)(de)部(bu)分位置(zhi)沒有(you)(you)完(wan)全與木(mu)龍骨(gu)接觸(chu)，人(ren)們在地(di)(di)板(ban)上走動時就(jiu)產生響(xiang)(xiang)聲。這(zhe)種情況是安(an)裝后立即就(jiu)會響(xiang)(xiang)，而且是局(ju)部(bu)的(de)(de)。

1、木龍骨的距離不宜太遠，不要超過350mm。

有(you)的(de)木龍骨的(de)距離在(zai)450mm或者還要遠(yuan)，當體重較大的(de)人員單腳踩在(zai)單條地板(ban)(ban)上時(shi)，地板(ban)(ban)向(xiang)下產(chan)生(sheng)較大的(de)撓度(du)，地板(ban)(ban)側邊與相鄰的(de)地板(ban)(ban)發生(sheng)摩(mo)擦，產(chan)生(sheng)響(xiang)聲。如果是(shi)這種原因(yin)，只要踩單條地板(ban)(ban)就(jiu)會響(xiang)，踩多條地板(ban)(ban)就(jiu)不會響(xiang)，而且也是(shi)安裝后就(jiu)會發生(sheng)。

2、木龍骨的含水率相差較大

有些地(di)(di)區，木(mu)(mu)龍(long)骨(gu)(gu)不(bu)進行干燥(zao)，隨意在(zai)露天堆放(fang)，木(mu)(mu)龍(long)骨(gu)(gu)的(de)含(han)水率(lv)(lv)相差(cha)較大。同(tong)批木(mu)(mu)龍(long)骨(gu)(gu)中，有的(de)含(han)水率(lv)(lv)在(zai)10%左(zuo)(zuo)右，有的(de)高達(da)25%以(yi)上。即使是安(an)裝(zhuang)人員(yuan)把木(mu)(mu)龍(long)骨(gu)(gu)找的(de)很平(ping)，地(di)(di)板安(an)裝(zhuang)后暫時(shi)可(ke)(ke)能不(bu)響，在(zai)使用(yong)過(guo)程中，木(mu)(mu)龍(long)骨(gu)(gu)的(de)含(han)水率(lv)(lv)重新平(ping)衡后，就會出現高低不(bu)平(ping)，走(zou)動(dong)在(zai)地(di)(di)板上面(mian)就會產(chan)生響聲。特(te)點是：安(an)裝(zhuang)時(shi)不(bu)響，在(zai)使用(yong)一段時(shi)間后響。產(chan)生響聲區域(yu)不(bu)多。北京(jing)地(di)(di)區大的(de)品牌用(yong)的(de)木(mu)(mu)龍(long)骨(gu)(gu)都要進行干燥(zao)，也有的(de)經銷商采(cai)取打完木(mu)(mu)龍(long)骨(gu)(gu)，暫時(shi)不(bu)安(an)裝(zhuang)地(di)(di)板，放(fang)置一周左(zuo)(zuo)右，重新找平(ping)再鋪(pu)裝(zhuang)，就可(ke)(ke)以(yi)降低此類(lei)問題的(de)發生概(gai)率(lv)(lv)。

3、防潮措施不當

地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)安(an)裝時(shi)，由于防潮措施(shi)不當，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)受潮后產生(sheng)瓦狀變(bian)形(xing)(xing)，瓦狀變(bian)形(xing)(xing)比(bi)較嚴(yan)重時(shi)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)并不會(hui)產生(sheng)響聲(sheng)(sheng)，因為(wei)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)過(guo)度膨脹，相互之(zhi)(zhi)間擠的(de)比(bi)較緊(jin)，此時(shi)人們(men)在(zai)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)走動(dong)(dong)，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)也不會(hui)上(shang)下運動(dong)(dong)，因此也不會(hui)產生(sheng)相互的(de)摩擦和響聲(sheng)(sheng)。消(xiao)費者主要投訴(su)的(de)是地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)或板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)面(mian)擠裂(lie)。如果地(di)(di)面(mian)的(de)水(shui)分(fen)跑完以后，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)水(shui)分(fen)繼續下降到正常狀態，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)之(zhi)(zhi)間出(chu)現了(le)縫隙，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)瓦狀還沒有完全消(xiao)失，瓦狀的(de)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)在(zai)木(mu)龍骨的(de)上(shang)面(mian)象蹺(qiao)蹺(qiao)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)一樣，人們(men)在(zai)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)走動(dong)(dong)時(shi)就會(hui)感到處處都響。

這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種情(qing)況是先經(jing)歷(li)了(le)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)潮(chao)濕(shi)期，然后(hou)(hou)再(zai)(zai)進入干燥(zao)期后(hou)(hou)才發生(sheng)(sheng)，多(duo)出現(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)北(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冬季。另外，還有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)種較(jiao)特殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)安裝(zhuang)過(guo)程中，雖然防潮(chao)沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)做好(hao)，由于地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水分不是很高，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)出現(xian)了(le)輕(qing)微的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鼓包和(he)輕(qing)微的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瓦(wa)狀(zhuang)變形，甚至在(zai)(zai)(zai)視覺(jue)上還沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)感覺(jue)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)已經(jing)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鼓包和(he)瓦(wa)狀(zhuang)變形。實際上地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)已經(jing)與(yu)木龍骨(gu)之間產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)了(le)輕(qing)微的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間隙(xi)，當(dang)人們踩(cai)(cai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)上就會(hui)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)響聲。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)類問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點是地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)安裝(zhuang)后(hou)(hou)很短(duan)時間就會(hui)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)響聲，而且越(yue)來越(yue)多(duo)，越(yue)來越(yue)重。最短(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時間，在(zai)(zai)(zai)安裝(zhuang)次(ci)(ci)日(ri)就會(hui)響。有(you)(you)(you)(you)人也經(jing)常問：踩(cai)(cai)同一(yi)(yi)處(chu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)，第一(yi)(yi)腳(jiao)踩(cai)(cai)下會(hui)響，踩(cai)(cai)幾腳(jiao)以后(hou)(hou)就不響了(le)，過(guo)一(yi)(yi)會(hui)重新踩(cai)(cai)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)又(you)會(hui)響，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是為什么?其實很簡單，我們多(duo)次(ci)(ci)踩(cai)(cai)同一(yi)(yi)個(ge)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)時，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)已經(jing)與(yu)木龍骨(gu)嚴(yan)密(mi)接觸(chu)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)上下運動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空間，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)也就不響了(le)。當(dang)我們踩(cai)(cai)其它地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)時，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)板(ban)又(you)凸起，與(yu)木龍骨(gu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)了(le)間隙(xi)，所(suo)以，再(zai)(zai)次(ci)(ci)踩(cai)(cai)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)又(you)會(hui)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)響聲。

4、預留縫隙不足

實(shi)(shi)木地(di)板(ban)(ban)有干縮濕脹的特性，安(an)裝(zhuang)地(di)板(ban)(ban)時必須(xu)根據(ju)地(di)板(ban)(ban)實(shi)(shi)際的含水率(lv)(lv)，木材的干縮系數，本地(di)區的平衡含水率(lv)(lv)合(he)理(li)預留地(di)板(ban)(ban)條之間的縫(feng)隙。

假如地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)安裝時(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)條之(zhi)間的預留(liu)縫隙不(bu)足，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)產(chan)生輕微的擠(ji)壓，個別地(di)(di)方輕微凸起，地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)與木(mu)(mu)龍(long)骨(gu)或墊層(ceng)之(zhi)間產(chan)生間隙，人(ren)在(zai)(zai)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上(shang)行(xing)走產(chan)生響(xiang)聲(sheng)(sheng)。根據木(mu)(mu)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)鋪(pu)裝、驗(yan)收和使用規范(GB/T20238-2006)，實木(mu)(mu)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)安裝時(shi)(shi)，在(zai)(zai)木(mu)(mu)龍(long)骨(gu)上(shang)打墊層(ceng)，并(bing)在(zai)(zai)墊層(ceng)上(shang)面鋪(pu)防(fang)潮(chao)膜，可以有效的控制外(wai)界(jie)環境對地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的影響(xiang)，預防(fang)地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的瓦(wa)狀變形。墊層(ceng)通常(chang)用毛地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)或人(ren)造板(ban)(ban)(ban)，許多安裝人(ren)員在(zai)(zai)使用膠合板(ban)(ban)(ban)或細(xi)木(mu)(mu)工(gong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)做墊層(ceng)時(shi)(shi)，整張將細(xi)木(mu)(mu)工(gong)或膠合板(ban)(ban)(ban)鋪(pu)在(zai)(zai)木(mu)(mu)龍(long)骨(gu)的上(shang)面，而且墊層(ceng)之(zhi)間沒(mei)留(liu)縫隙，受潮(chao)后墊層(ceng)起鼓，導致地(di)(di)板(ban)(ban)(ban)起鼓，也會產(chan)生響(xiang)聲(sheng)(sheng)。

地(di)板(ban)下面的(de)墊(dian)層應(ying)鋸切成尺寸不(bu)大(da)于600×600mm，每塊墊(dian)層間要留不(bu)小(xiao)于5mm的(de)縫隙。然后再在墊(dian)層上面鋪防潮(chao)膜，在防潮(chao)膜上面安裝地(di)板(ban)，并科學合理預留縫隙。就可以解決大(da)部分的(de)響聲。

綜上，多種原因都能導致地板產生響聲。為了避免響聲的出現，要選擇正確的安裝方法，搞好地板的防潮處理，合理預留縫隙，為消費者提供正確使用維護方法。地板的響聲一旦出現是很難處理，所以要采取積極的預防措施就顯的十分重要。找出原因以后對癥下藥。