一.產品介紹
鳳岡縣琊川鎮獨特的(de)土壤、光照及水等地域條件,造就了(le)琊川貢米味美、粒實飽滿、飯香四溢的(de)獨特品質(zhi)。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)貌情(qing)況(kuang):琊川(chuan)貢(gong)米(mi)(mi)產地(di)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)海拔820米(mi)(mi),土(tu)(tu)壤主(zhu)要為黃(huang)壤、黃(huang)色石灰(hui)土(tu)(tu)、紫色土(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)壤養(yang)分:有機(ji)質平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)含量27.82g/kg,全(quan)氮(dan)1.74g/kg,速效磷17.44g/kg,堿解氮(dan)124.12g/kg, 速效鉀129.1 g/kg ,緩效鉀338.96g/kg。 (2)水(shui)文情(qing)況(kuang):境內氣(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)濕潤,水(shui)資源(yuan)較為豐(feng)富,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)雨量1019.8毫(hao)米(mi)(mi),人均(jun)占有水(shui)資源(yuan)量1879立方米(mi)(mi)。森林(lin)覆蓋率68%。 屬中亞(ya)熱帶濕潤季風氣(qi)候,境內最(zui)高氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)39.2°C,最(zui)低氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)-6.2°C,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)15.3°C,無(wu)霜期年(nian)均(jun)280天,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)日(ri)照時間1078.6小時,土(tu)(tu)地(di)肥沃,無(wu)工業污染,區內活動積溫(wen)(wen)(wen)有利于水(shui)稻生產和(he)品質的(de)形成(cheng),水(shui)稻灌漿期的(de)7月至9月,日(ri)均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和(he)晝夜溫(wen)(wen)(wen)差利于優質淀粉顆粒的(de)形成(cheng)和(he)香氣(qi)物(wu)質的(de)積累。
三.地域范圍
琊川貢米地域保護范圍為鳳岡縣琊川鎮、進化(hua)鎮、何(he)壩鎮、蜂巖鎮、天橋鎮等5個(ge)鎮,36個(ge)村(cun),735個(ge)村(cun)民小(xiao)組,地理坐(zuo)標為:東經(jing)107°35'—107°54',北緯(wei)27°32'—27°57'。保護面積為12475.58公頃。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1)外在品(pin)質及感(gan)(gan)官:琊(ya)川貢米粒(li)型長,整精米率高,堊白(bai)(bai)度和堊白(bai)(bai)率低。圓潤(run)飽(bao)滿,色澤光亮、潔白(bai)(bai)透明,自(zi)然清香,蒸煮(zhu)成(cheng)飯后口(kou)感(gan)(gan)松軟柔和,糯而(er)不膩、適口(kou)性好(hao),冷(leng)飯不回生。 (2)內在品(pin)質:該產品(pin)蛋(dan)白(bai)(bai)質含(han)量(liang)為≥4g/100g、直鏈淀粉含(han)量(liang)14-20%、堊百度≤10%、膠稠度≥55mm、硒(xi)含(han)量(liang)0.025-0.1mg/kg,鋅含(han)量(liang)10.28-20 mg/kg。
五.特定生產方式
(1)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)用(yong):選(xuan)擇抗性強的優(you)質水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)如:宜(yi)香(xiang)(xiang)優(you)2215、豐(feng)優(you)香(xiang)(xiang)占、玉針香(xiang)(xiang)等品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。 (2)播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi):嚴格卡死播(bo)(bo)(bo)期(qi)(qi),適時早(zao)播(bo)(bo)(bo),播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)期(qi)(qi)4月(yue)1日(ri)—20日(ri)。 (3)育(yu)(yu)苗(miao)(miao)技術(shu)(shu)(shu) 可(ke)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)機(ji)插秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)育(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、無紡(fang)布旱(han)育(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)和無紡(fang)布濕(shi)(shi)潤(run)(run)育(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方式育(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。 無紡(fang)布旱(han)育(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang):選(xuan)用(yong)旱(han)地(di)或炕冬(dong)田(tian)作(zuo)苗(miao)(miao)床(chuang)(chuang),播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)30天(tian)用(yong)沼肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或豬糞(fen)培肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)床(chuang)(chuang)土(tu)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)耕翻(fan)苗(miao)(miao)床(chuang)(chuang),碎土(tu)作(zuo)廂(xiang)(xiang),廂(xiang)(xiang)寬(kuan)3.6尺(chi)(chi),高3寸(cun)(cun),廂(xiang)(xiang)溝寬(kuan)1.2尺(chi)(chi),長度(du)(du)(du)不能(neng)超過(guo)6丈。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)用(yong)旱(han)育(yu)(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)姆拌種(zhong)(zhong),澆足水(shui)(shui)(shui)分,每(mei)平(ping)方米播(bo)(bo)(bo)芽(ya)谷(gu)40-50克。播(bo)(bo)(bo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)蓋(gai)細土(tu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)噴專用(yong)除草(cao)劑(ji),再(zai)平(ping)蓋(gai)一(yi)層(ceng)地(di)膜(mo)(mo),然后(hou)(hou)(hou)拱(gong)架(jia)覆(fu)蓋(gai)無紡(fang)布保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)濕(shi)(shi)。出苗(miao)(miao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)揭去地(di)膜(mo)(mo)。 機(ji)插秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)育(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang):采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)半(ban)旱(han)式機(ji)插秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)育(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方式,每(mei)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)盤(pan)播(bo)(bo)(bo)2200粒左右種(zhong)(zhong)子。放好秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)盤(pan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)平(ping)蓋(gai)一(yi)層(ceng)地(di)膜(mo)(mo),然后(hou)(hou)(hou)拱(gong)架(jia)覆(fu)蓋(gai)無紡(fang)布保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)濕(shi)(shi)。出苗(miao)(miao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)揭去地(di)膜(mo)(mo)。 無紡(fang)布濕(shi)(shi)潤(run)(run)育(yu)(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang):選(xuan)用(yong)有水(shui)(shui)(shui)源的稻(dao)(dao)田(tian)作(zuo)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)床(chuang)(chuang),播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)30天(tian)用(yong)沼肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或豬糞(fen)培肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)床(chuang)(chuang)土(tu)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)(qian)(qian)耕翻(fan)苗(miao)(miao)床(chuang)(chuang)作(zuo)廂(xiang)(xiang),廂(xiang)(xiang)寬(kuan)3.6尺(chi)(chi),高3寸(cun)(cun),廂(xiang)(xiang)溝寬(kuan)1.2尺(chi)(chi),長度(du)(du)(du)不能(neng)超過(guo)6丈,廂(xiang)(xiang)溝中保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持半(ban)溝水(shui)(shui)(shui),廂(xiang)(xiang)面保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持濕(shi)(shi)潤(run)(run)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)時進行(xing)(xing)(xing)浸種(zhong)(zhong)催芽(ya),然后(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)拌種(zhong)(zhong)劑(ji)拌種(zhong)(zhong),每(mei)平(ping)方米播(bo)(bo)(bo)芽(ya)谷(gu)40-50克,然后(hou)(hou)(hou)拱(gong)架(jia)覆(fu)蓋(gai)無紡(fang)布保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)濕(shi)(shi)。 (4)大(da)田(tian)移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)技術(shu)(shu)(shu) 整(zheng)地(di):移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)12—15天(tian)精(jing)細整(zheng)地(di),力求平(ping)整(zheng),并(bing)利用(yong)淹水(shui)(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雜草(cao)發生,移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)(qian)三(san)天(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)耙耢平(ping),做到田(tian)平(ping)、泥(ni)爛、肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)勻(yun)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)淺(qian),寸(cun)(cun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)不露泥(ni)。 移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)、合(he)(he)理密植:適時移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai),盡可(ke)能(neng)提(ti)早(zao)移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)期(qi)(qi),移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)期(qi)(qi)控(kong)制在(zai)5月(yue)25日(ri)以(yi)(yi)內,移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)方式可(ke)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)眾人(ren)工栽(zai)(zai)插、機(ji)插或拋秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方式。人(ren)工移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)密度(du)(du)(du):采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)寬(kuan)窄行(xing)(xing)(xing)拉(la)繩定距移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai),寬(kuan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)1尺(chi)(chi),窄行(xing)(xing)(xing)6寸(cun)(cun),株(zhu)距5—6寸(cun)(cun),確(que)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)密度(du)(du)(du)1.2萬(wan)(wan)窩/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)以(yi)(yi)上。拋秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang):分次拋勻(yun)后(hou)(hou)(hou)按(an)9尺(chi)(chi)—12尺(chi)(chi)留8寸(cun)(cun)—1尺(chi)(chi)的管(guan)理行(xing)(xing)(xing),確(que)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)基本(ben)苗(miao)(miao)6—8萬(wan)(wan)片/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。 (5)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)技術(shu)(shu)(shu) 底(di)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei):大(da)田(tian)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)施(shi)沼肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)1000—1500斤(jin),水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)專用(yong)復合(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)30—50公(gong) 斤(jin)/畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei):移(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)栽(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)7—10天(tian)追施(shi)尿(niao)素7—10公(gong)斤(jin);拔節期(qi)(qi)每(mei)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)視秧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)苗(miao)(miao)長勢酌施(shi)尿(niao)素8—10公(gong)斤(jin);抽穗至(zhi)齊(qi)穗期(qi)(qi)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)用(yong)沼液30兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)100斤(jin)葉(xie)面噴施(shi)作(zuo)壯(zhuang)粒肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。 (6)病蟲害防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技術(shu)(shu)(shu) 物理防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi):安裝頻振式殺(sha)蟲燈(30畝(mu)(mu)(mu)左右/盞)誘殺(sha)田(tian)間趨光性害蟲。藥劑(ji)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi):選(xuan)用(yong)生物農藥蘇云(yun)金桿菌(Bt)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二化螟、稻(dao)(dao)縱卷葉(xie)螟、稻(dao)(dao)稈(gan)蠅;苦參堿防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稻(dao)(dao)飛虱;用(yong)井岡霉素防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)紋枯病;用(yong)春(chun)雷霉素防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稻(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)病。 (7)水(shui)(shui)(shui)漿(jiang)管(guan)理:有機(ji)水(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)必(bi)須采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)取(qu)潔(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)灌(guan)溉(gai),絕不能(neng)用(yong)生活污水(shui)(shui)(shui),工業用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)灌(guan)田(tian),應(ying)做到單排單灌(guan),在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)管(guan)理上,以(yi)(yi)淺(qian)為(wei)主,適時擱(ge)田(tian),多次輕擱(ge),夠苗(miao)(miao)曬田(tian),以(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)增溫(wen)(wen),以(yi)(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)促控(kong),以(yi)(yi)氣養根(gen),以(yi)(yi)根(gen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)葉(xie);抽穗揚花(hua)期(qi)(qi)確(que)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng),黃(huang)熟(shu)期(qi)(qi)停(ting)水(shui)(shui)(shui),活稈(gan)成熟(shu)。 (8)收獲(huo)(huo)、儲藏技術(shu)(shu)(shu) 黃(huang)熟(shu)期(qi)(qi)搶晴天(tian)收獲(huo)(huo),分品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)單獨收獲(huo)(huo)、晾曬、儲藏,禁止曝曬,做到一(yi)干、二凈、三(san)飽滿。
六.包裝標識相關規定
本規定地域范(fan)圍內的琊川(chuan)貢(gong)米(mi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經營者,在(zai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)或包裝上(shang)使用農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi),須向鳳岡縣農(nong)業(ye)技術推廣站提(ti)出申(shen)請,按(an)照相(xiang)(xiang)關要求(qiu)規范(fan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)使用標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi),統一采(cai)用琊川(chuan)貢(gong)米(mi)名(ming)稱(cheng)和(he)農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)地理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)公共標(biao)識相(xiang)(xiang)結合的標(biao)識標(biao)注方(fang)法。