鄱陽大(da)米(mi)外觀晶瑩剔透,具有(you)光澤,米(mi)粒長柱形;米(mi)飯潔白香醇、爽(shuang)滑(hua)、有(you)嚼勁,適口性(xing)好,冷(leng)卻(que)后不回生(sheng)。
鄱陽(yang)大(da)米(mi)(mi)保(bao)護區域(yu)(yu)地(di)處鄱陽(yang)湖平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原,土壤(rang)以水(shui)稻(dao)土、潮土、草甸土為(wei)(wei)主,富(fu)(fu)含有(you)(you)機(ji)質(zhi),養分充(chong)足;土壤(rang)土層深(shen)厚,蓄水(shui)能力強,pH值5.8-6.5之間(jian),耕性良好。鄱陽(yang)大(da)米(mi)(mi)保(bao)護區域(yu)(yu)屬典型的(de)(de)中(zhong)亞熱帶季(ji)風氣(qi)候(hou)區,四季(ji)分明(ming),熱量(liang)(liang)豐富(fu)(fu),雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)充(chong)沛,水(shui)資(zi)源豐富(fu)(fu),年平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)日照數(shu)2098h,太陽(yang)輻(fu)射數(shu)為(wei)(wei)115千卡(ka)/平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)方厘米(mi)(mi),平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)17.5℃,年平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)降雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)1620mm,全年無霜期275d,年平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)相(xiang)對濕度(du)77%。9月平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)溫(wen)度(du)25.6℃,晝(zhou)夜溫(wen)差達10℃,雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)中(zhong)等,有(you)(you)利(li)于一(yi)季(ji)稻(dao)的(de)(de)灌漿結實,促進稻(dao)米(mi)(mi)香味物(wu)質(zhi)含量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)提高和(he)減少稻(dao)米(mi)(mi)堊(e)白的(de)(de)形(xing)成。獨特(te)的(de)(de)自然生態條(tiao)件十分適(shi)宜優質(zhi)水(shui)稻(dao)的(de)(de)生長。
鄱(po)陽(yang)大(da)米保(bao)(bao)護區(qu)域位于江西(xi)省鄱(po)陽(yang)縣,包括謝家灘(tan)鎮(zhen)、石(shi)門街(jie)鎮(zhen)、油墩(dun)街(jie)鎮(zhen)、田(tian)畈街(jie)鎮(zhen)、金盤嶺鎮(zhen)、凰(huang)崗鎮(zhen)、雙(shuang)港鎮(zhen)、古(gu)縣渡鎮(zhen)、饒豐(feng)鎮(zhen)、樂豐(feng)鎮(zhen)、響水灘(tan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、枧田(tian)街(jie)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、柘港鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、鴉鵲湖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、游城(cheng)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、三廟(miao)前鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、蓮湖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、蘆田(tian)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)18個(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)401個(ge)(ge)行政(zheng)村;保(bao)(bao)護范圍位于東經(jing)116°35′37″-117°00′03″,北(bei)緯28°48′30″-29°36′35″之(zhi)間。保(bao)(bao)護規模(mo)為66000公(gong)頃,年產量(liang)514000噸。
(1)外在感觀(guan)特(te)征:鄱陽大米(mi)外觀(guan)晶瑩剔透,具有光澤,米(mi)粒長柱形(xing);米(mi)飯(fan)潔白香醇、爽滑、有嚼勁,適口性好,冷卻后不回(hui)生。(2)內在品質指標:堊(e)白粒率(lv)≤10%,直鏈淀粉含量(liang)15%-22%,膠稠度(du)≥80mm,粒型(xing)長寬比3.0-4.0,蛋白質含量(liang)≥6%。(3)質量(liang)安(an)全(quan)要求(qiu):鄱陽大米(mi)符合NY/T419《綠色食品 稻米(mi)》標準。
(1)產地要(yao)求:選擇(ze)鄱陽(yang)湖平原區土層深(shen)厚、地勢平坦、排灌方(fang)便(bian)、集(ji)中連片的稻田進行種植,土壤pH以6.0-6.5為佳。
(2)品(pin)種(zhong)選擇:選用黃華占(zhan)、贛晚秈38號(hao)作(zuo)為主(zhu)要種(zhong)植品(pin)種(zhong)。
(3)生(sheng)(sheng)產管(guan)(guan)理(li):①生(sheng)(sheng)育(yu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)程(cheng)(cheng)安排及(ji)(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)子處理(li):為(wei)(wei)了(le)保證大米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)(de)(de)良好(hao)(hao)(hao)品質,鄱(po)陽(yang)大米(mi)(mi)(mi)主(zhu)要(yao)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)中稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)種(zhong)(zhong)植,根(gen)據鄱(po)陽(yang)湖區的(de)(de)(de)氣候特(te)點,每(mei)年安排在(zai)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)下旬(xun)至(zhi)(zhi)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)上旬(xun)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong),8月(yue)(yue)(yue)下旬(xun)抽(chou)(chou)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)揚花(hua),9月(yue)(yue)(yue)灌漿(jiang)結(jie)實,10月(yue)(yue)(yue)上旬(xun)收獲(huo)(huo),全生(sheng)(sheng)育(yu)期(qi)160-165d。播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)做(zuo)好(hao)(hao)(hao)選(xuan)種(zhong)(zhong)、曬種(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)(deng)工作(zuo),并選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)咪鮮胺(an)等(deng)(deng)藥劑(ji)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)子消毒,嚴(yan)防(fang)(fang)種(zhong)(zhong)傳病(bing)(bing)害(hai)。②播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)量和(he)(he)栽(zai)培(pei)密(mi)度控(kong)制:為(wei)(wei)了(le)保證獲(huo)(huo)得較高的(de)(de)(de)產量和(he)(he)減(jian)少施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)量從(cong)而(er)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)米(mi)(mi)(mi)品質的(de)(de)(de)提高,鄱(po)陽(yang)大米(mi)(mi)(mi)大田(tian)畝(mu)(mu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)量控(kong)制在(zai)1.5-2.0公斤(jin)(jin)/畝(mu)(mu),采用(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)插或(huo)(huo)拋秧(yang)(yang)方(fang)式進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)植,機(ji)插秧(yang)(yang)齡(ling)控(kong)制在(zai)25天(tian)以(yi)內,栽(zai)插規格5寸(cun)(cun)×7寸(cun)(cun),每(mei)畝(mu)(mu)插1.7-1.8萬(wan)蔸(dou)(dou),每(mei)蔸(dou)(dou)栽(zai)3-4根(gen)秧(yang)(yang)苗(miao);拋栽(zai)秧(yang)(yang)齡(ling)控(kong)制在(zai)28d以(yi)內,每(mei)畝(mu)(mu)拋足1.8-2.0萬(wan)蔸(dou)(dou),每(mei)蔸(dou)(dou)3根(gen)秧(yang)(yang)苗(miao)。③肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料運(yun)籌(chou):一(yi)般地力(li)田(tian)塊畝(mu)(mu)施(shi)氮、磷(lin)、鉀的(de)(de)(de)量分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)為(wei)(wei)12-13公斤(jin)(jin)、6-7公斤(jin)(jin)和(he)(he)12-13公斤(jin)(jin)。堅(jian)持(chi)有機(ji)無機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)配施(shi),冬季種(zhong)(zhong)植紅(hong)花(hua)草(cao)(cao),于(yu)(yu)(yu)盛(sheng)花(hua)期(qi)耕翻還田(tian),按(an)照每(mei)畝(mu)(mu)每(mei)1000公斤(jin)(jin)紅(hong)花(hua)草(cao)(cao)鮮草(cao)(cao)減(jian)氮2公斤(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)比例確(que)定化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量。其中氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)按(an)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei):分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)蘗(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei):穗(sui)(sui)(sui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei):粒肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)4:2:2:2施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)整地前(qian)或(huo)(huo)整地時(shi)(shi)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong),分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)蘗(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)移(yi)栽(zai)后(hou)5-7d施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong),穗(sui)(sui)(sui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)孕穗(sui)(sui)(sui)期(qi)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong),粒肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)齊穗(sui)(sui)(sui)期(qi)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong);磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作(zuo)底肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)整耕時(shi)(shi)一(yi)次性施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong);鉀肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)按(an)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei):穗(sui)(sui)(sui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)(wei)6:4施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。④水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)管(guan)(guan)理(li)做(zuo)到薄(bo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)返青,濕潤分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)蘗(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo),達到15-16萬(wan)莖(jing)蘗(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)數/畝(mu)(mu)時(shi)(shi)曬田(tian),幼穗(sui)(sui)(sui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)花(hua)期(qi)和(he)(he)抽(chou)(chou)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)揚花(hua)期(qi)保持(chi)田(tian)間淺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),抽(chou)(chou)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)后(hou)干干濕濕壯籽,收獲(huo)(huo)前(qian)7天(tian)斷水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。⑤病(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)草(cao)(cao)害(hai)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)控(kong)制:堅(jian)持(chi)“預防(fang)(fang)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)、綜合防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”的(de)(de)(de)原則,做(zuo)好(hao)(hao)(hao)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、物(wu)理(li)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。在(zai)做(zuo)好(hao)(hao)(hao)農(nong)業(ye)(ye)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上綜合采用(yong)(yong)(yong)香根(gen)草(cao)(cao)誘螟、性誘劑(ji)誘蟲(chong)、頻(pin)振(zhen)燈(deng)(deng)殺(sha)蟲(chong)等(deng)(deng)技(ji)術措施(shi)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)蟲(chong)。頻(pin)振(zhen)燈(deng)(deng)按(an)每(mei)盞(zhan)燈(deng)(deng)覆蓋面積15畝(mu)(mu)計,燈(deng)(deng)與燈(deng)(deng)之間的(de)(de)(de)距離為(wei)(wei)100米(mi)(mi)(mi)。大田(tian)主(zhu)要(yao)搞好(hao)(hao)(hao)“三(san)(san)蟲(chong)三(san)(san)病(bing)(bing)”的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),即:分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)蘗(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)盛(sheng)期(qi)和(he)(he)抽(chou)(chou)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)二(er)(er)化螟,分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)蘗(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)期(qi)至(zhi)(zhi)孕穗(sui)(sui)(sui)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)縱卷葉(xie)螟,抽(chou)(chou)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)灌漿(jiang)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)飛虱(shi),破口抽(chou)(chou)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)初期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)病(bing)(bing),孕穗(sui)(sui)(sui)至(zhi)(zhi)抽(chou)(chou)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)紋枯病(bing)(bing)以(yi)及(ji)(ji)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)曲病(bing)(bing)。二(er)(er)化螟和(he)(he)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)縱卷葉(xie)螟可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)2%阿維菌素(su),或(huo)(huo)10%稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)騰進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)飛虱(shi)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)70%吡蟲(chong)啉水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)散粒劑(ji)或(huo)(huo)25%吡蚜酮可(ke)濕性粉劑(ji)等(deng)(deng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)病(bing)(bing)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)春雷霉(mei)素(su)、三(san)(san)環唑、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)靈、瘟(wen)畢克(40%稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)靈與異稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟(wen)凈乳(ru)油)等(deng)(deng)藥劑(ji)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);紋枯病(bing)(bing)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)井(jing)岡霉(mei)素(su)、井(jing)·蠟(la)芽(井(jing)岡霉(mei)素(su)與蠟(la)質芽孢桿菌混劑(ji))等(deng)(deng)藥劑(ji)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)曲病(bing)(bing)在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)抽(chou)(chou)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)前(qian)5-7d,每(mei)畝(mu)(mu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)12.5%紋霉(mei)清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)400-500毫升(sheng),或(huo)(huo)5%井(jing)岡霉(mei)素(su)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)劑(ji)400-500毫升(sheng),對水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50公斤(jin)(jin)噴霧。⑥生(sheng)(sheng)產記錄(lu)檔案管(guan)(guan)理(li):水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)全程(cheng)(cheng)記載,主(zhu)要(yao)包括播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)、移(yi)栽(zai)和(he)(he)收獲(huo)(huo)時(shi)(shi)間,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)出苗(miao)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)蘗(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)、分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)化、抽(chou)(chou)穗(sui)(sui)(sui)、成熟(shu)等(deng)(deng)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)生(sheng)(sheng)育(yu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)程(cheng)(cheng),農(nong)業(ye)(ye)投入品的(de)(de)(de)名稱、使用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)間、次數、用(yong)(yong)(yong)量、使用(yong)(yong)(yong)方(fang)法(fa)、收獲(huo)(huo)日期(qi)等(deng)(deng),檔案專人(ren)記錄(lu)、專人(ren)保管(guan)(guan),記錄(lu)檔案保管(guan)(guan)3年以(yi)上。
(4)產(chan)后處理:鄱陽(yang)大米收獲在穗黃、葉(xie)落、成熟度達到85%-90%時(shi)進行;要求不(bu)同品種單(dan)(dan)獨(du)(du)收割、單(dan)(dan)獨(du)(du)晾曬(烘(hong)干)、單(dan)(dan)獨(du)(du)儲運、單(dan)(dan)獨(du)(du)加(jia)工(gong)、單(dan)(dan)獨(du)(du)包裝;嚴禁(jin)瀝青路面翻曬,盡可(ke)能使用烘(hong)干機烘(hong)干;商品糧即(ji)時(shi)售賣,企業精選加(jia)工(gong);貯藏在避(bi)光(guang)、常溫、防潮、防鼠的倉庫;實行秸(jie)稈(gan)還田。
(1)符(fu)合下列條件的(de)單位和(he)個人(ren),可以向登記(ji)證書持有(you)人(ren)申請使用(yong)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi):①生產(chan)經(jing)營(ying)的(de)鄱陽(yang)(yang)大(da)米產(chan)自登記(ji)確定的(de)地(di)(di)域(yu)范(fan)(fan)圍; ②已取得鄱陽(yang)(yang)大(da)米生產(chan)經(jing)營(ying)資質;③能夠(gou)嚴格按照規定的(de)質量(liang)技術規范(fan)(fan)組織開(kai)展生產(chan)經(jing)營(ying)活動;④具有(you)鄱陽(yang)(yang)大(da)米地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)市場開(kai)發(fa)經(jing)營(ying)能力。使用(yong)鄱陽(yang)(yang)大(da)米農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi),應當(dang)按照生產(chan)經(jing)營(ying)年(nian)度與登記(ji)證書持有(you)人(ren)簽訂使用(yong)協議,在(zai)協議中(zhong)載明使用(yong)數(shu)量(liang)、范(fan)(fan)圍和(he)相關責任義(yi)務。
(2)農產品(pin)地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)人(ren)享有以下權(quan)利:①可(ke)以在產品(pin)及(ji)包(bao)裝上(shang)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)鄱(po)陽大(da)米(mi)地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(鄱(po)陽大(da)米(mi)名稱(cheng)和公共標(biao)識圖(tu)案(an)組合標(biao)注等); ②可(ke)以使(shi)(shi)用(yong)登記(ji)的鄱(po)陽大(da)米(mi)地(di)(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),進行(xing)產品(pin)宣(xuan)傳(chuan)和參加展(zhan)覽(lan)、展(zhan)示(shi)及(ji)展(zhan)銷(xiao)。
(3)鄱陽大(da)米(mi)地理(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)使用人應當(dang)履行以下(xia)義(yi)務:①自覺接受登記(ji)證書持有(you)人的監(jian)督(du)檢(jian)查;②保證鄱陽大(da)米(mi)地理(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)農(nong)產品品質和信(xin)譽; ③正確規范地使用鄱陽大(da)米(mi)地理(li)(li)標志(zhi)(zhi)。
(4)鄱陽大米地理標(biao)志生(sheng)產(chan)經營(ying)者應當建立質量控制追溯體(ti)系,農產(chan)品地理標(biao)志持有人和標(biao)志使用人對鄱陽大米產(chan)品的(de)質量和信譽負責;
(5)任(ren)何(he)單位和(he)個人不準偽(wei)造、冒用鄱陽(yang)大(da)米地(di)理標(biao)志和(he)登記證書(shu);
(6)鼓勵單(dan)位和(he)個人對鄱陽大米地理標志進行社會(hui)監督。