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一.產品介紹

焦溪(xi)二花臉豬(zhu)(zhu)原產(chan)于武進焦溪(xi)舜山一帶，已(yi)有(you)400多年歷史(shi)，豬(zhu)(zhu)肉(rou)細嫩多汁、香濃味(wei)美且膠原蛋白豐富，是產(chan)地(di)農民(min)的(de)一項傳統副業，也是農民(min)增收致富、帶動(dong)地(di)方經(jing)濟繁榮發(fa)展的(de)一個特(te)色種源(yuan)產(chan)業。二花臉豬(zhu)(zhu)是我國寶貴的(de)遺傳資源(yuan)，20世紀(ji)被列為“國寶”，2000年被農業部列入中(zhong)國地(di)方豬(zhu)(zhu)遺傳資源(yuan)保護名錄，仍(reng)然是當今培(pei)育(yu)二元(yuan)母(mu)豬(zhu)(zhu)最佳第一母(mu)本。

二.自(zi)然生態環境和人文歷史因素(su)

1、土壤(rang)地(di)(di)貌情況：本區(qu)域屬鄭橫圩田(tian)地(di)(di)區(qu)，其(qi)間(jian)錯(cuo)落分布(bu)著(zhu)由石灰巖風化形成的舜山(shan)、鳳凰山(shan)、橫山(shan)等(deng)低山(shan)丘(qiu)陵，地(di)(di)勢低平，河網(wang)密布(bu)，低山(shan)丘(qiu)陵僅占4%。平田(tian)的地(di)(di)面高(gao)程(cheng)在(zai)3m以(yi)下，成土母質既有(you)河湖(hu)相(xiang)沉積(ji)物也有(you)長(chang)江(jiang)沖(chong)積(ji)物，主要土壤(rang)類型(xing)有(you)黃泥土、烏柵(zha)土和沙土，根據第二次土壤(rang)普查(cha)，耕(geng)作層平均PH值7.43、有(you)機質21.8g/kg、全(quan)(quan)氮（N）1.43 g/kg 、全(quan)(quan)磷(lin)（五氧化二磷(lin)）1.26g/kg、速效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)磷(lin)（五氧化二磷(lin)）27.6 mg/kg、速效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鉀（氧化鉀）104.0mg/kg。土壤(rang)養分豐富(fu)，磷(lin)素含(han)量(liang)特高(gao)，水作旱作都適(shi)宜，為(wei)全(quan)(quan)區(qu)所獨有(you)。另(ling)據抽樣調查(cha)，耕(geng)作層平均有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)鋅（Zn）6.2 mg/kg、易還原態錳（Mn）191 mg/kg、有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)硼（B）0.32 mg/kg、有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)硅(gui)（SiO2）345 mg/kg，鋅、硅(gui)有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)豐富(fu)，錳、硼有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)量(liang)中等(deng)，但相(xiang)對全(quan)(quan)區(qu)而言(yan)微量(liang)元素含(han)量(liang)都是高(gao)的。 

2、水(shui)文(wen)情況：本區域(yu)屬(shu)長(chang)江下游太(tai)湖流域(yu)水(shui)網區，區內(nei)有水(shui)域(yu)面積近3萬畝，占總土地面積的15%。河(he)(he)流縱橫密布，形成以(yi)舜河(he)(he)、三山港為(wei)徑(jing)，北塘河(he)(he)為(wei)緯，北通(tong)長(chang)江，南聯(lian)運(yun)(yun)河(he)(he)的水(shui)系。長(chang)江為(wei)來水(shui)水(shui)源，運(yun)(yun)河(he)(he)為(wei)排水(shui)通(tong)道。 

3、氣候情況(kuang)：本區域位于北亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶(dai)北緣(yuan)，屬海洋性氣候，四(si)季(ji)分明、雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量(liang)(liang)充沛、無霜(shuang)(shuang)期(qi)(qi)長。全年平(ping)均溫(wen)度15.5℃，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen)(fen)2.4℃，7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen)(fen)28.2℃。年日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)時數(shu)平(ping)均為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)2005.8小時，年日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)百分率平(ping)均為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)47%，以(yi)7、8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen)(fen)最高(gao)，分別為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)54%和62%，3～5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen)(fen)多(duo)連續(xu)陰雨(yu)(yu)(yu)，日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)百分率僅40%左右。年均降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)1066毫(hao)(hao)米，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)份(fen)(fen)37.1毫(hao)(hao)米，7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)163.6毫(hao)(hao)米；每年4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)至5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)是“桃(tao)花水(shui)(shui)”主要時段，6～7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)梅(mei)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)期(qi)(qi)，梅(mei)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)期(qi)(qi)平(ping)均21天(tian)(tian)(tian)左右，降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)223.6毫(hao)(hao)米。初霜(shuang)(shuang)日(ri)(ri)平(ping)均為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)10日(ri)(ri)，最早為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)19日(ri)(ri)；終霜(shuang)(shuang)日(ri)(ri)平(ping)均為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)28日(ri)(ri)，最晚(wan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)16日(ri)(ri)；平(ping)均霜(shuang)(shuang)期(qi)(qi)138天(tian)(tian)(tian)，最多(duo)166天(tian)(tian)(tian)，最少83天(tian)(tian)(tian)。平(ping)均水(shui)(shui)面蒸發量(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)1573.7毫(hao)(hao)米。冬(dong)季(ji)受大陸冷(leng)(leng)高(gao)壓影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)多(duo)西(xi)北風，并有寒潮侵襲(xi)；春季(ji)處于冷(leng)(leng)暖空(kong)氣交(jiao)鋒頻繁(fan)和春夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)風交(jiao)替季(ji)節，氣溫(wen)冷(leng)(leng)暖多(duo)變。夏(xia)(xia)季(ji)受副熱(re)(re)帶(dai)高(gao)壓影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)氣炎(yan)熱(re)(re)多(duo)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)，常有東南季(ji)風，夏(xia)(xia)初常有梅(mei)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)，夏(xia)(xia)末(mo)易受臺風影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)，秋季(ji)副熱(re)(re)帶(dai)高(gao)壓逐漸減(jian)弱，偏西(xi)風開(kai)始增強。自然(ran)災害(hai)主要有干(gan)旱、澇漬、連陰雨(yu)(yu)(yu)、低溫(wen)冷(leng)(leng)害(hai)、冰(bing)雹、臺風、龍(long)卷風等(deng)。 

4、人(ren)文歷(li)史情(qing)況：武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)古(gu)稱延陵(ling)(ling)(ling)邑，在(zai)(zai)春(chun)(chun)(chun)秋戰國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)為(wei)吳(wu)季札封地(di)(di)(di)(di)，秦置延陵(ling)(ling)(ling)縣(xian)(xian)，漢(han)改毗陵(ling)(ling)(ling)、毗壇，晉稱晉陵(ling)(ling)(ling)，并分(fen)丹徒、曲阿(a)以東(dong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)另置武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)縣(xian)(xian)。此后晉陵(ling)(ling)(ling)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)兩(liang)縣(xian)(xian)合(he)(he)而(er)分(fen)、分(fen)而(er)合(he)(he)，數(shu)易縣(xian)(xian)名(ming)(ming)。清(qing)雍正四年(nian)(1726年(nian))分(fen)置武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)、陽(yang)(yang)湖(hu)(hu)兩(liang)縣(xian)(xian)，至辛亥革命的(de)(de)(de)(de)當年(nian)合(he)(he)為(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)。中(zhong)華(hua)民國(guo)(guo)29年(nian)(1940年(nian))至34年(nian)抗日(ri)(ri)戰爭縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)(jing)淪陷期(qi)(qi)間(jian)，鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)區(qu)分(fen)別屬(shu)于(yu)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)共產(chan)(chan)黨(dang)領導建(jian)(jian)(jian)立的(de)(de)(de)(de)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)南(nan)、澄西(xi)(xi)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(北)和(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)丹武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)四縣(xian)(xian)抗日(ri)(ri)民主(zhu)政府管轄；1949年(nian)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)23日(ri)(ri)縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)(jing)解放，縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)析出(chu)(chu)(chu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立常(chang)州(zhou)(zhou)市。此后武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)先后屬(shu)于(yu)州(zhou)(zhou)、蘇(su)州(zhou)(zhou)、鎮(zhen)(zhen)江專(zhuan)區(qu)(地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu))，1983年(nian)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)改屬(shu)常(chang)州(zhou)(zhou)市。1995年(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)撤縣(xian)(xian)設市。2002年(nian)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)撤市設區(qu)。 早在(zai)(zai)5000年(nian)前，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)境(jing)(jing)內就有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)類定居，勞動(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)息。據(ju)戚(qi)墅(shu)堰(yan)(yan)圩墩(dun)、青龍鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)潘家塘、鄭陸(lu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)寺墩(dun)、橫林鎮(zhen)(zhen)青墩(dun)、湖(hu)(hu)塘鎮(zhen)(zhen)金(jin)(jin)雞(ji)墩(dun)等(deng)(deng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)發(fa)掘(jue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)下(xia)文物(wu)證明(ming)，其(qi)時(shi)(shi)已(yi)(yi)(yi)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些(xie)新石(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)時(shi)(shi)代的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)始(shi)社會村落(luo)，使用石(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)從(cong)事農(nong)(nong)耕(geng)漁獵，并掌(zhang)握(wo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)制陶和(he)(he)玉石(shi)(shi)(shi)雕刻(ke)工藝。湖(hu)(hu)塘鎮(zhen)(zhen)境(jing)(jing)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)古(gu)淹(yan)城(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)東(dong)周，距(ju)今(jin)2500年(nian)左(zuo)右，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)城(cheng)河(he)、城(cheng)墻各(ge)三(san)道，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)我國(guo)(guo)現存最古(gu)老、保存最完整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壘土(tu)所筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面城(cheng)池。雪堰(yan)(yan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)與(yu)無(wu)錫縣(xian)(xian)胡埭鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)交界(jie)處的(de)(de)(de)(de)闔(he)(he)閭城(cheng)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)，相(xiang)傳系春(chun)(chun)(chun)秋戰國(guo)(guo)年(nian)代吳(wu)王闔(he)(he)閭伐楚(chu)還師(shi)時(shi)(shi)所建(jian)(jian)(jian)。 武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)養(yang)(yang)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)歷(li)史也(ye)十(shi)分(fen)悠久。戚(qi)墅(shu)堰(yan)(yan)圩墩(dun)遺(yi)址(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)下(xia)頦骨(gu)，經(jing)(jing)考證已(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)6000年(nian)左(zuo)右的(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史；到(dao)春(chun)(chun)(chun)秋時(shi)(shi)代，吳(wu)國(guo)(guo)已(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)今(jin)蘇(su)南(nan)發(fa)展(zhan)畜牧(mu)業(ye)，《吳(wu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)書(shu)》記載(zai)：“匠門外(wai)沙里中(zhong)，城(cheng)東(dong)五里有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)墳，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)吳(wu)王畜豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)所；……”；從(cong)常(chang)州(zhou)(zhou)市南(nan)門出(chu)(chu)(chu)土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)漢(han)陶豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)舍(she)和(he)(he)西(xi)(xi)郊出(chu)(chu)(chu)土(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)漢(han)陶豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，說明(ming)了(le)(le)(le)(le)當時(shi)(shi)養(yang)(yang)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)達程度；據(ju)明(ming)末的(de)(de)(de)(de)沈氏農(nong)(nong)書(shu)記載(zai)，母豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)胎(tai)可(ke)(ke)育(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)小豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)14頭，可(ke)(ke)見(jian)當時(shi)(shi)已(yi)(yi)(yi)經(jing)(jing)選(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)優(you)(you)良(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)家豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。而(er)焦(jiao)(jiao)溪則(ze)歷(li)來是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)名(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)苗豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)集(ji)散地(di)(di)(di)(di)，元(yuan)代朱澤(ze)民在(zai)(zai)《游三(san)山(shan)(shan)記》中(zhong)就用“……河(he)復自灣(wan)過(guo)(guo)佗村而(er)北，皆美(mei)田沃壤，斥堠相(xiang)望，迤儷青山(shan)(shan)迎棹，樵歌牧(mu)唱，相(xiang)與(yu)應答。舟人(ren)廻牽，沿山(shan)(shan)前小河(he)而(er)行，村墟(xu)相(xiang)接(jie)，岸(an)(an)柳交映，兩(liang)山(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)，浦溆(xu)縈帶，北通(tong)江口(kou)(kou)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)名(ming)(ming)石(shi)(shi)(shi)堰(yan)(yan)。既(ji)而(er)舟轉，兩(liang)岸(an)(an)板橋為(wei)梁，即三(san)山(shan)(shan)塢。其(qi)間(jian)民居輳集(ji)，屋(wu)瓦參差，稻(dao)秸堆委，連(lian)衢比(bi)巷，如墉(yong)如櫛，風俗熙熙，翁(weng)呼兒(er)蕘，婦飯(fan)姑汲；牛羊在(zai)(zai)山(shan)(shan)，犬(quan)豕在(zai)(zai)圈；鳥噪于(yu)林，雞(ji)登于(yu)屋(wu)；藹(ai)然太平豐稔之(zhi)(zhi)象，若(ruo)古(gu)朱陳村焉。……”（摘自《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)陽(yang)(yang)合(he)(he)志·輿地(di)(di)(di)(di)志》）的(de)(de)(de)(de)描(miao)述，記錄(lu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)當時(shi)(shi)焦(jiao)(jiao)溪街鎮(zhen)(zhen)（石(shi)(shi)(shi)堰(yan)(yan)現為(wei)焦(jiao)(jiao)溪的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)村）的(de)(de)(de)(de)繁華(hua)熱鬧景象。 從(cong)明(ming)代萬歷(li)年(nian)間(jian)起，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)東(dong)北部(bu)沿舜山(shan)(shan)腳下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)民在(zai)(zai)當地(di)(di)(di)(di)獨特(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)環境(jing)(jing)、氣候條(tiao)件下(xia)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)長期(qi)(qi)選(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)，培(pei)育(yu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)焦(jiao)(jiao)溪二花臉豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。乾(qian)隆30年(nian)編修(xiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)陽(yang)(yang)湖(hu)(hu)合(he)(he)志》之(zhi)(zhi)《輿地(di)(di)(di)(di)志》中(zhong)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)“燕飲昔崇儉(jian)素，近亦漸流豐腴，甚或(huo)華(hua)燈廣坐，選(xuan)(xuan)部(bu)征(zheng)歌。雖著繁昌，殊(shu)乖撙節，魚麗(li)萬物(wu)，盛(sheng)多羔羊，節儉(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)應也(ye)非，士大夫責(ze)歟。”的(de)(de)(de)(de)記載(zai)。可(ke)(ke)見(jian)當時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)水(shui)平之(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)。當時(shi)(shi)隨著人(ren)口(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大量增(zeng)加(jia)，土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)利用率(lv)日(ri)(ri)益提(ti)高(gao)，由(you)于(yu)擴(kuo)大了(le)(le)(le)(le)糧食作(zuo)物(wu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面積，加(jia)上(shang)(shang)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)復種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)指(zhi)數(shu)提(ti)高(gao)，耕(geng)作(zuo)精細，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求量增(zeng)加(jia)，養(yang)(yang)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)隨之(zhi)(zhi)得到(dao)進(jin)(jin)(jin)—步發(fa)展(zhan)。由(you)于(yu)農(nong)(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)加(jia)工副產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)多，加(jia)上(shang)(shang)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)糧食和(he)(he)油(you)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)等(deng)(deng)加(jia)工副產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)亦較(jiao)多，精飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)充足，青飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)亦比(bi)過(guo)(guo)去增(zeng)加(jia)，均有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)助于(yu)縮(suo)短飼(si)養(yang)(yang)期(qi)(qi)；亦由(you)于(yu)精飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)以大麥(mai)、米糠、麥(mai)麩(fu)等(deng)(deng)為(wei)主(zhu)，青料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)以南(nan)瓜、蘿卜，青草和(he)(he)水(shui)浮(fu)蓮(lian)、水(shui)葫蘆，水(shui)花生(sheng)(sheng)等(deng)(deng)水(shui)生(sheng)(sheng)飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)為(wei)主(zhu)，在(zai)(zai)當地(di)(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)這些(xie)飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)磷多鈣少，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)殖(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)官的(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)育(yu)；而(er)且當地(di)(di)(di)(di)養(yang)(yang)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)采用了(le)(le)(le)(le)墊(dian)土(tu)墊(dian)草的(de)(de)(de)(de)軟(ruan)圈積肥(fei)(fei)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)，豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)只終年(nian)飼(si)養(yang)(yang)于(yu)光(guang)線較(jiao)暗的(de)(de)(de)(de)舍(she)內，很(hen)少運動(dong)。這樣(yang)經(jing)(jing)過(guo)(guo)長期(qi)(qi)選(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)，逐漸形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)(le)二花臉豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)體(ti)型(xing)中(zhong)等(deng)(deng)、耳大而(er)軟(ruan)、額多皺紋、背腰較(jiao)軟(ruan)而(er)腹垂，臥系、性(xing)情(qing)溫(wen)馴、耐(nai)粗(cu)飼(si)、生(sheng)(sheng)長快速、繁殖(zhi)(zhi)力高(gao)，肉質鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)等(deng)(deng)特(te)(te)征(zheng)和(he)(he)特(te)(te)性(xing)。這一(yi)(yi)(yi)由(you)原(yuan)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)群眾長期(qi)(qi)培(pei)育(yu)而(er)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)我國(guo)(guo)獨有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)珍貴豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，以其(qi)產(chan)(chan)仔(zi)率(lv)高(gao)、母性(xing)好、耐(nai)粗(cu)飼(si)、肉質鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)等(deng)(deng)優(you)(you)良(liang)特(te)(te)點聞名(ming)(ming)于(yu)全國(guo)(guo)乃至全世(shi)界(jie)，被國(guo)(guo)際畜牧(mu)界(jie)譽(yu)為(wei)“世(shi)界(jie)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產(chan)(chan)仔(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)王”， 二花臉豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)產(chan)(chan)仔(zi)和(he)(he)肉質鮮(xian)(xian)美(mei)等(deng)(deng)優(you)(you)良(liang)性(xing)狀(zhuang)正是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)改良(liang)世(shi)界(jie)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)建(jian)(jian)(jian)立我國(guo)(guo)配套(tao)系養(yang)(yang)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)(you)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質資源，其(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)價(jia)值不亞于(yu)國(guo)(guo)寶大熊貓。 解放以來，黨(dang)和(he)(he)政府十(shi)分(fen)重視(shi)焦(jiao)(jiao)溪二花臉豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)與(yu)選(xuan)(xuan)育(yu)，80年(nian)代被列(lie)為(wei)“國(guo)(guo)寶”，2000年(nian)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)部(bu)又將其(qi)列(lie)入中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)遺(yi)傳資源保護名(ming)(ming)錄(lu)。自20世(shi)紀60年(nian)代起，江蘇(su)、浙江、上(shang)(shang)海環太湖(hu)(hu)流域一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)先后出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)法國(guo)(guo)、匈牙利、羅馬尼亞、朝鮮(xian)(xian)、日(ri)(ri)本、英國(guo)(guo)、美(mei)國(guo)(guo)等(deng)(deng)國(guo)(guo)家，但(dan)二花臉豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)從(cong)未出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)過(guo)(guo)。其(qi)原(yuan)因有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)二：一(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)于(yu)二花臉豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)特(te)(te)別優(you)(you)良(liang)，屬(shu)國(guo)(guo)家機(ji)密(mi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“國(guo)(guo)寶”，不允許(xu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二花臉豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)性(xing)只有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)在(zai)(zai)當地(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)環境(jing)(jing)、養(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)(zhi)條(tiao)件和(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)下(xia)才能(neng)保持(chi)，2000年(nian)某單位曾在(zai)(zai)南(nan)京試(shi)養(yang)(yang)過(guo)(guo)二花臉種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)豬(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，但(dan)不到(dao)幾個(ge)月(yue)(yue)(yue)就變得面目全非、性(xing)能(neng)變劣。

三.地域范圍

焦溪(xi)二(er)(er)(er)花臉(lian)(lian)豬(zhu)原產(chan)地位于江(jiang)蘇(su)省常州市(shi)武進(jin)區(qu)的鄭陸鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)和橫(heng)山(shan)橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，區(qu)域范(fan)圍(wei)北緯31°46′～32°04′，東經119°46′～120°12′。平原海拔高度3m以(yi)下（青(qing)島零(ling)點、下同），低山(shan)丘陵最高峰115 m。東臨無錫市(shi)惠(hui)山(shan)區(qu)玉祁(qi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、江(jiang)陰市(shi)桐岐(qi)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，南接常州市(shi)武進(jin)區(qu)遙觀鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、橫(heng)林鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，西毗常州市(shi)天寧區(qu)青(qing)龍街道、戚墅堰區(qu)潞城鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)，北靠江(jiang)陰市(shi)西石橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)、申(shen)港鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)。目前有純(chun)種(zhong)公(gong)豬(zhu)12頭(tou)、6個血統，核心群原種(zhong)母豬(zhu)653頭(tou)、生產(chan)群母豬(zhu)2118頭(tou)。2008年銷售二(er)(er)(er)花臉(lian)(lian)種(zhong)豬(zhu)8100多(duo)頭(tou)，二(er)(er)(er)花臉(lian)(lian)二(er)(er)(er)元(yuan)種(zhong)母豬(zhu)3200多(duo)頭(tou)，二(er)(er)(er)花臉(lian)(lian)商(shang)品豬(zhu)7800多(duo)頭(tou)、500多(duo)噸，銷售額1560萬元(yuan)。

四.產品品質特性特征

1、外在感官特征。焦溪二花臉豬品種歷史(shi)悠(you)久(jiu)，地域特色明(ming)顯(xian)；頭(tou)大額(e)寬，耳大下垂過下頜；嘴筒(tong)稍(shao)長且微(wei)凹，上(shang)有2～3道橫紋，額(e)部有明(ming)顯(xian)皺褶；四肢(zhi)稍(shao)高，中軀稍(shao)長，背腰微(wei)凹，腹(fu)大下垂；后軀寬而(er)稍(shao)傾斜，被毛全黑稀疏；具有產子率(lv)高、母(mu)性好、耐粗飼等特點；豬肉色澤鮮紅(hong)、有光澤，肌(ji)肉細(xi)嫩，肌(ji)間(jian)脂肪(fang)豐富，呈大理石狀(zhuang)；熟(shu)制后香味濃郁，細(xi)嫩多膠質，肥而(er)不(bu)膩，回味無窮。

2、安全要求。產品執行NY5029-2001《無(wu)公害食(shi)品 豬(zhu)肉》的規定(ding)。