一.產品介紹
西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)壩(ba)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)歷(li)史(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)是(shi)久(jiu)負(fu)盛(sheng)名的(de)(de)貢(gong)(gong)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。明朝(chao)(chao)(chao)正統年間,“西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)壩(ba)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)”以(yi)其鮮、嫩(nen)、香、脆(cui),被列為皇家貢(gong)(gong)品(pin),一(yi)(yi)直到(dao)(dao)(dao)清朝(chao)(chao)(chao)也沒(mei)有(you)(you)因(yin)(yin)改朝(chao)(chao)(chao)換(huan)代而間斷過(guo),有(you)(you)肉厚、味濃、脆(cui)爽、無筋的(de)(de)特(te)點,因(yin)(yin)其特(te)殊的(de)(de)地理水土(tu)(tu),形(xing)如(ru)美女的(de)(de)纖纖玉手,又(you)稱“西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)壩(ba)仙(xian)女姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)”。然而,朋友們想過(guo)沒(mei)有(you)(you),以(yi)鮮、嫩(nen)、香、脆(cui)為特(te)色的(de)(de)“西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)壩(ba)仙(xian)女姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)” 在(zai)(zai)(zai)當(dang)時的(de)(de)條件下是(shi)如(ru)何(he)運往京(jing)(jing)城,而又(you)能保持其特(te)色的(de)(de)呢?據(ju)測算,從西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)壩(ba)到(dao)(dao)(dao)京(jing)(jing)城用馬車運姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),多則(ze)兩月,少則(ze)一(yi)(yi)月有(you)(you)余;如(ru)水陸(lu)并用也在(zai)(zai)(zai)20天以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),這(zhe)還不包(bao)括(kuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)路上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)意外(wai),嘉州(zhou)府(fu)為了(le)(le)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)運貢(gong)(gong)品(pin),官吏和百姓們在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)面(mian)動了(le)(le)不少腦筋。據(ju)史(shi)料載曰:“土(tu)(tu)埋之(zhi)(zhi)、草(cao)蓋之(zhi)(zhi)、水澆之(zhi)(zhi),水陸(lu)并行,至京(jing)(jing)不腐。”精(jing)彩地道明了(le)(le)當(dang)時上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)貢(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)圖景。農歷(li)的(de)(de)五月時節,在(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)壩(ba)老木孔、棋盤山等地,被官府(fu)指定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)地塊里(li)(li),農民就開始艱辛地勞(lao)作。他們把生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)起出,連(lian)苗帶(dai)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)帶(dai)泥(ni)一(yi)(yi)并放在(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)(yi)個大竹筐里(li)(li),四人一(yi)(yi)抬裝到(dao)(dao)(dao)船(chuan)(chuan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang),在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)面(mian)蓋上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)草(cao)以(yi)遮擋(dang)陽光。一(yi)(yi)般情(qing)況下,要裝3—4船(chuan)(chuan),然后(hou)起航開運。沿岷江而下,經長(chang)江到(dao)(dao)(dao)達京(jing)(jing)城。據(ju)說船(chuan)(chuan)里(li)(li)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)重(zhong)量還會有(you)(you)所增(zeng)加(jia)。這(zhe)是(shi)因(yin)(yin)為生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)仍(reng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)原來的(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中自然生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang),運輸途(tu)中船(chuan)(chuan)工用江水澆之(zhi)(zhi),所以(yi)下行至京(jing)(jing)城仍(reng)能保證(zheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)“鮮、嫩(nen)、香、脆(cui)”。來年,姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)農會在(zai)(zai)(zai)這(zhe)些(xie)地方(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)農田上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)重(zhong)新覆上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)熟(shu)土(tu)(tu),一(yi)(yi)般選森林中的(de)(de)腐質土(tu)(tu)為佳,來年再(zai)種(一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)保證(zheng)了(le)(le)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)所需的(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)肥量,另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)又(you)充分利用當(dang)地特(te)有(you)(you)的(de)(de)水土(tu)(tu)環境,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)出來的(de)(de)自然是(shi)我們現(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)說的(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)食品(pin)了(le)(le))。這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)換(huan)土(tu)(tu)輪(lun)作的(de)(de)操(cao)作規范,在(zai)(zai)(zai)客觀(guan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)避免了(le)(le)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)瘟(wen)的(de)(de)出現(xian)和蔓延,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)品(pin)質也有(you)(you)了(le)(le)保證(zheng)。明、清編纂的(de)(de)《嘉定(ding)(ding)府(fu)志》方(fang)(fang)輿志篇蔬之(zhi)(zhi)屬就注明物產(chan)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(薑),表明生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)種植在(zai)(zai)(zai)樂山市(shi)歷(li)史(shi)悠久(jiu)。1992年5月14日,《樂山市(shi)志》和《五通橋區志》正式(shi)明確冠以(yi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)壩(ba)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姜(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)之(zhi)(zhi)名,屬于(yu)樂山特(te)產(chan)。
二.自(zi)然生態環(huan)境和人文歷史(shi)因素
西壩生(sheng)姜(jiang)產(chan)區(qu)地(di)(di)處四川盆地(di)(di)西南部,地(di)(di)形北高(gao)南低(di),依次形成山(shan)、丘、壩三種地(di)(di)貌(mao),海拔330-735米,平均(jun)海拔533米。產(chan)區(qu)土(tu)壤(rang)以灰(hui)棕紫泥(ni)土(tu)為主,pH值6.0-8.0,礦(kuang)物質(zhi)養分(fen)豐(feng)富,土(tu)質(zhi)疏(shu)松,灌溉水源穩(wen)定,自然肥力高(gao),非(fei)常適合姜(jiang)類種植。西壩生(sheng)姜(jiang)產(chan)區(qu)屬亞(ya)熱帶(dai)濕潤(run)季風氣候區(qu),全年(nian)四季分(fen)明,熱量(liang)(liang)豐(feng)富,雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)充(chong)沛,具有春早、夏(xia)熱、秋短、冬(dong)暖的特點(dian)。產(chan)區(qu)年(nian)均(jun)氣溫17.3℃,年(nian)日照1119.7小時,年(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)1390.6毫米,無霜期達334.5天,氣溫冬(dong)無嚴寒少(shao)霜雪,夏(xia)季少(shao)酷熱。獨物的地(di)(di)理環境和氣候條件造就了西壩生(sheng)姜(jiang)肉厚、味濃、脆爽、無筋的特點(dian)。
三.地域范圍
西壩(ba)生姜農(nong)產品地(di)理(li)標(biao)志(zhi)地(di)域保(bao)護(hu)范(fan)圍包括五通橋區西壩(ba)鎮(zhen)、冠(guan)英鎮(zhen)、石麟鎮(zhen)、蔡金鎮(zhen)、新云鄉、金山鎮(zhen)、輝山鎮(zhen)、橋溝鎮(zhen)、金粟(su)鎮(zhen)、竹根鎮(zhen)、楊柳鎮(zhen)、牛華鎮(zhen)等共12個(ge)(鄉)鎮(zhen),150個(ge)行政村。地(di)理(li)坐(zuo)標(biao)為:東經103°39′45″-103°56′48″,北緯29°17′29″-29°31′30″,東與(yu)井研縣(xian)接壤、南與(yu)犍為縣(xian)相連、西與(yu)沙灣區交界、北與(yu)市中(zhong)區毗鄰。保(bao)護(hu)面積3萬畝,年(nian)產量6萬噸。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1)外在(zai)感官品(pin)質(zhi)特(te)征:西壩生姜形如玉指(zhi)成形,色澤白凈,姜頭頂端紅(hong)玉著甲。單株長20cm以(yi)(yi)上,鮮(xian)重(zhong)0.5kg以(yi)(yi)上。分支多,皮(pi)薄,肉質(zhi)細嫩,纖維少,辛辣味較濃(nong),脆爽,商品(pin)性好。
(2)內在(zai)品質(zhi)指(zhi)標:西(xi)壩生(sheng)姜粗纖維(wei)≤0.9%,維(wei)生(sheng)素(su)C≥1.8mg/100g。
(3)安全要(yao)(yao)求(qiu):西壩(ba)生姜執(zhi)行符合國家(jia)法律法規的(de)有(you)關標準要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。