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一.產品介紹

河(he)套(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植歷史悠久(jiu)，建(jian)國(guo)前(qian)在農(nong)(nong)村中(zhong)(zhong)曾經零星(xing)(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植染葵(kui)(kui)(kui)，可作染料(liao)染土布(bu)，食(shi)用甚少。由(you)于(yu)化學(xue)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，染葵(kui)(kui)(kui)逐漸絕跡(ji)，被(bei)食(shi)用葵(kui)(kui)(kui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)所代(dai)替(ti)。7O年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)前(qian)，河(he)套(tao)地(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)多在屋(wu)前(qian)屋(wu)后(hou)、地(di)邊地(di)堰等(deng)(deng)零星(xing)(xing)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植。1972年(nian)(nian)(nian)，巴彥(yan)淖爾(er)市農(nong)(nong)研所利(li)用重鹽(yan)堿地(di)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)47畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)98.2公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，同年(nian)(nian)(nian)杭錦(jin)后(hou)旗四支公(gong)(gong)(gong)社(she)新永大(da)(da)隊、紅星(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)(gong)社(she)紅星(xing)(xing)二(er)隊也在重鹽(yan)堿地(di)上種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植1700畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)75公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，1973年(nian)(nian)(nian)，內(nei)蒙(meng)農(nong)(nong)研所在臨(lin)河(he)區(qu)(qu)狼山公(gong)(gong)(gong)社(she)迎(ying)勝三隊利(li)用多年(nian)(nian)(nian)棄耕(geng)地(di)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植100畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)65公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。巴彥(yan)淖爾(er)市河(he)套(tao)灌區(qu)(qu)從(cong)1972年(nian)(nian)(nian)開始大(da)(da)片種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植，1973-1974年(nian)(nian)(nian)，臨(lin)河(he)杭后(hou)兩區(qu)(qu)縣共(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1.8萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)(全(quan)(quan)市2.96萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu))。1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)市發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)到34900畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，單(dan)(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)51公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)1785000公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)，隨著農(nong)(nong)村經濟(ji)政策的(de)(de)落實(shi)，河(he)套(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)得到迅猛發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，由(you)單(dan)(dan)(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)到套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)專(zhuan)(zhuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)90000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)80000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，共(gong)170000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)河(he)套(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)猛增到620000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)307500畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)47737000公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。為提高單(dan)(dan)(dan)位面(mian)積(ji)(ji)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)量，在單(dan)(dan)(dan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)基礎上，逐步擴(kuo)大(da)(da)糧油(you)草套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(小(xiao)麥套(tao)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)花、葵(kui)(kui)(kui)花套(tao)草木(mu)樨)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)。使農(nong)(nong)民增加(jia)(jia)了收(shou)入(ru)(ru)，培(pei)(pei)肥了地(di)力(li)(li)。到1981年(nian)(nian)(nian)，全(quan)(quan)市向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)總(zong)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)達674800畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)專(zhuan)(zhuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)318000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)356800畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)到1158000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)與專(zhuan)(zhuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)大(da)(da)體相(xiang)等(deng)(deng)，平(ping)均單(dan)(dan)(dan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)1615000公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)186960000公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。七十年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)期開始，農(nong)(nong)業(ye)部門組織有關單(dan)(dan)(dan)位大(da)(da)力(li)(li)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)河(he)套(tao)向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，積(ji)(ji)極培(pei)(pei)育(yu)、引進、推廣油(you)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)優良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，擴(kuo)大(da)(da)油(you)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)積(ji)(ji)，加(jia)(jia)強科技推廣，改進耕(geng)作條件，增加(jia)(jia)物質(zhi)投入(ru)(ru)，使向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)水平(ping)和生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)能力(li)(li)不斷提高，地(di)方品(pin)牌不斷出(chu)現(xian).“河(he)套(tao)三道眉”、“星(xing)(xing)火花葵(kui)(kui)(kui)”，上世紀(ji)九(jiu)十年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)譽滿(man)全(quan)(quan)國(guo).進入(ru)(ru)國(guo)際市場(chang)。向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)是巴彥(yan)淖爾(er)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)支柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)之(zhi)一，目前(qian)，巴彥(yan)淖爾(er)市種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植向(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)日(ri)葵(kui)(kui)(kui)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)2400000畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，平(ping)均畝(mu)(mu)(mu)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)250公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，其(qi)(qi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值占種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植業(ye)總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)值的(de)(de)1/3，對增加(jia)(jia)農(nong)(nong)民收(shou)入(ru)(ru)起(qi)到主導作用，并使我市成為國(guo)內(nei)外眾多葵(kui)(kui)(kui)花加(jia)(jia)工(gong)企業(ye)的(de)(de)大(da)(da)型原料(liao)區(qu)(qu)域。

二.自然生態環境(jing)和人文歷史因素

1、土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)貌(mao)情況(kuang)：以(yi)陰(yin)山為(wei)界大(da)體可分為(wei)三大(da)區域：陰(yin)山以(yi)北是以(yi)荒漠半荒漠為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)烏拉特(te)草原(yuan)(yuan)，中(zhong)部為(wei)陰(yin)山山地(di)，陰(yin)山南麓(lu)至黃河北岸為(wei)河套(tao)平原(yuan)(yuan)，河套(tao)平原(yuan)(yuan)地(di)勢平坦(tan)、土(tu)(tu)層深厚，土(tu)(tu)質較(jiao)好(hao)，有黃河灌(guan)溉之利。土(tu)(tu)壤類型(xing)主(zhu)要有灌(guan)淤(yu)土(tu)(tu)、鹽土(tu)(tu)、風沙(sha)土(tu)(tu)、堿土(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)和新積土(tu)(tu)。灌(guan)區的(de)主(zhu)要耕(geng)(geng)作土(tu)(tu)壤是灌(guan)淤(yu)土(tu)(tu)，其表土(tu)(tu)層為(wei)壤質灌(guan)淤(yu)層，土(tu)(tu)壤肥沃，耕(geng)(geng)地(di)性良好(hao)。pH值(zhi)在7.5-8.0之間，有機質含量(liang)高，微量(liang)元素豐富，塿(lou)土(tu)(tu)含有豐富的(de)有機質，具有良好(hao)團粒結構，上(shang)層土(tu)(tu)宜保苗(miao)，下層土(tu)(tu)宜營養共給，非常適宜向日葵的(de)生長發(fa)育(yu)。 

2、水(shui)文情況：巴彥(yan)淖爾市水(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)充沛，灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)便(bian)利(li)。黃(huang)(huang)河流(liu)經河套平(ping)原345公里(li)，年(nian)徑流(liu)總(zong)量(liang)315億立方(fang)米。河套灌(guan)(guan)區由黃(huang)(huang)河三(san)盛公水(shui)利(li)樞紐自流(liu)引(yin)水(shui)灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)，每年(nian)引(yin)水(shui)量(liang)40-50億立方(fang)米，是亞洲最(zui)大的一首(shou)制自流(liu)引(yin)水(shui)灌(guan)(guan)區，也是全國三(san)大灌(guan)(guan)區之一。灌(guan)(guan)區現已形成(cheng)7級灌(guan)(guan)溉(gai)體系，各級渠道總(zong)長16800公里(li)；有7級排(pai)水(shui)體系，各級排(pai)溝總(zong)長12670公里(li)，灌(guan)(guan)區農(nong)田(tian)全部(bu)實現了(le)灌(guan)(guan)排(pai)配套。陰山(shan)以(yi)北季節性流(liu)域面積31000平(ping)方(fang)公里(li)，多(duo)年(nian)平(ping)均徑流(liu)量(liang)1.1億立方(fang)米。地(di)下(xia)水(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)量(liang)24.5億立方(fang)米，可開采量(liang)7.3億立方(fang)米，水(shui)質(zhi)良(liang)好，礦物質(zhi)含量(liang)豐(feng)富(fu)，無(wu)工(gong)業污(wu)染，為優質(zhi)葵(kui)花生產(chan)創造了(le)得天獨厚(hou)的自然條(tiao)件。 

3、氣候情況：巴彥淖爾市深居(ju)歐亞板塊(kuai)內陸，屬典型(xing)溫帶大陸性氣候。全年(nian)日照時數(shu)3210.8-3305.8小(xiao)時，太陽(yang)輻射總量(liang)每(mei)平(ping)方(fang)厘米(mi)(mi)146-152千卡；年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣溫6.1-7.6℃日，平(ping)均(jun)溫差(cha)13-14℃；無霜(shuang)期127-135天，≥10℃的積溫2876-3221℃；年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)水量(liang)180毫米(mi)(mi)，平(ping)均(jun)蒸(zheng)發量(liang)2200毫米(mi)(mi)。

三.地域范圍

巴彥淖爾(er)市(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)處祖(zu)國北(bei)(bei)部邊(bian)疆(jiang)，位于內蒙古自治區(qu)(qu)西部，東與包頭市(shi)(shi)、烏蘭(lan)察布市(shi)(shi)為鄰，西與阿拉善盟、烏海(hai)市(shi)(shi)連，南隔黃河與鄂爾(er)多斯市(shi)(shi)相望，北(bei)(bei)與蒙古人民共和(he)國接(jie)壤，東西長(chang)278千(qian)(qian)米，南北(bei)(bei)寬238千(qian)(qian)米。海(hai)拔在1000～1800米之(zhi)間(jian)。地(di)(di)理(li)坐標(biao)在東經105°12’至(zhi)109°53’，北(bei)(bei)緯(wei)40°13’至(zhi)42°28’之(zhi)間(jian)。全(quan)市(shi)(shi)總面積(ji)65551平方公里。河套向日(ri)葵農產品地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志地(di)(di)域(yu)保護范圍是(shi)巴彥淖爾(er)市(shi)(shi)所轄的7個旗(qi)縣區(qu)(qu)、40個蘇木(mu)鄉鎮(zhen)、601個嘎喳(zha)村(cun)。總生產面積(ji)133333.33公頃，年總產量440000噸。

四(si).產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征

1、外形感官特征：河套向(xiang)日葵(kui)植株(zhu)莖桿高大(da)、粗壯、根系(xi)發(fa)達，抗(kang)倒、耐水、耐肥。籽粒(li)大(da)、圓滑、光亮，色澤統一、飽(bao)滿性好，空殼少、產量高。 

2、內在(zai)品質特性：河套向(xiang)日葵(kui)籽(zi)仁，脂(zhi)肪含(han)量(liang)41.2g/100g，油(you)酸含(han)量(liang)6.06g/100g，亞油(you)酸含(han)量(liang)8.38g/100g，葵(kui)花(hua)籽(zi)仁口感純香，香脆可(ke)口，不油(you)膩。用其壓榨(zha)出的葵(kui)花(hua)籽(zi)油(you)，營養豐富，富含(han)亞油(you)酸，有健康油(you)、延(yan)壽(shou)油(you)之稱，遠(yuan)遠(yuan)高于市(shi)面上(shang)的菜籽(zi)油(you)、粟米油(you)、大豆油(you)的含(han)量(liang)，是上(shang)等油(you)脂(zhi)。有補虛損(sun)，降(jiang)血(xue)脂(zhi)，降(jiang)血(xue)壓、保(bao)護血(xue)管彈性、抗癌之功效。