一、英譯中時倍數減少如何翻譯
1、“減少了N–1/N"
2、“減少到1/N”或(huo)“是(原來)的(de)1/N”
英語中表示倍數(shu)減小的句(ju)型(xing)可歸納為(wei)以下幾種。
(一(yi))decrease+by+N times
decrease+N times
decrease+by+a factor of+N
(decrease為表承(cheng)減少意義的(de)動(dong)詞,下同)
這三個句型表(biao)示(shi)的(de)意義一樣,均應(ying)譯為“減少了N–1/N”或“減少到1/N”。例如:
1)Since the introduction of the new technique the switching time of the transistor has been shortened three times.
采用這(zhe)項新工藝(yi)后,晶體管的開(kai)關時間縮短了三(san)分之二(er)。
2)When the voltage is stepped up by 10 times,the strength of the current is stepped-down by 10 times,so that the power remains the same.
當電(dian)壓升高到10倍(bei)時,電(dian)流強度降(jiang)低到1/10,因此功率保持不變。
3)The water level in winter falls by a factor of three as against the average level.
冬(dong)季(ji),水位比(bi)平均(jun)水位下降三(san)分之二。
4)When the signal has increased by 10 times the gain may have been reduced by 8 times.
如(ru)果信(xin)號增大9倍,增益(yi)就可能降低7/8。
5)The automatic assembly line can shorten ten times the assembling period.
自動(dong)裝配(pei)線可把裝配(pei)工期(qi)縮短到原來的1/10。
(二(er))N times+弱(ruo)比較級+(than)
N times+as+表示差、少意義的(de)形容詞(ci)原級(ji)+as
這(zhe)兩(liang)個句型的意義(yi)一樣,可譯為“比(bi)……N-1/N”或(huo)“是(shi)…1/N”。例如:
6)The plastic casing is three times lighter than the steel one.
這種塑料殼(ke)比鋼(gang)殼(ke)輕三分之二(或:這種塑料殼(ke)的(de)重量是鋼(gang)殼(ke)的(de)三分之一)。
二、英語倍數翻譯常見錯誤
1、A是B的N倍大/長…(或者A比B大/長…N-1倍)
一般有(you)以下兩種(zhong)英語表達方法:
(1)A is N times as large/long(形(xing)容(rong)詞(ci)(ci)/副詞(ci)(ci)原形(xing))as B.Eg:Asia is four times as large as Europe.
(2)A is N times larger/longer(形容詞(ci)/副詞(ci)比較級)than B.Eg:Asia is four times larger than Europe.
(3)A is N times the size/length(形容詞(ci)/副詞(ci)的(de)名(ming)詞(ci)形式)of B.Eg:Asia is four times the size of Europe.
以上三句例句的中文翻(fan)譯均(jun)為:亞洲(zhou)(zhou)是歐洲(zhou)(zhou)的四倍(bei)大(da),或(huo)者(zhe)亞洲(zhou)(zhou)比歐洲(zhou)(zhou)大(da)三倍(bei)。
2、by和to
(1)動詞(ci)+by+倍(bei)數(shu)/百分數(shu)/數(shu)詞(ci)
Eg:The production of grain has been increased by four times this year.
今年糧食產量增加了四倍(bei)。
(2)動(dong)詞+to+數詞
Eg:Last year profits rose to$201 million.
去年(nian)利(li)潤(run)增長到(dao)2億零100萬美元(yuan)。
3、by a factor of
詞組by a factor of在《朗文雙解》中(zhong)的(de)解釋為"if something increases or decreases by a factor of N,it increases or decreases by N times."以N倍的(de)系數增加或減少。