什么是仲裁庭

1、仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)是(shi)指由當事人選(xuan)定(ding)或者仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會主任指定(ding)的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)組成(cheng)的(de)，對(dui)當事人申請仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)案(an)件(jian)依仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)程序進行(xing)(xing)審(shen)理并作出裁(cai)決的(de)組織形式。按(an)照《仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)法(fa)》的(de)規定(ding)，仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會受理仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)案(an)件(jian)后，應按(an)程序組成(cheng)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)對(dui)案(an)件(jian)進行(xing)(xing)審(shen)理和裁(cai)決。因此，仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)是(shi)行(xing)(xing)使仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)權的(de)主體(ti)。

2、在中國，根據仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)法(fa)規規定，仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭分為兩(liang)種(zhong)：

（1）獨(du)任仲裁(cai)庭，由一名仲裁(cai)員(yuan)承擔(dan)爭議案件的(de)仲裁(cai)任務(wu)。

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（2）合(he)議仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)，由雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)(fang)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)各(ge)自選(xuan)(xuan)定一(yi)名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員，第(di)三名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員由雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)(fang)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)共(gong)同(tong)選(xuan)(xuan)定或(huo)共(gong)同(tong)委(wei)托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員會(hui)指定。第(di)三名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員是首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員。三人(ren)(ren)(ren)組(zu)成(cheng)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)，承擔爭議案件的仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)(ren)務；或(huo)者由雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)(fang)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)共(gong)同(tong)選(xuan)(xuan)定首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員，由首席仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員選(xuan)(xuan)定二名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員，擔負爭議案件的仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)(ren)務。合(he)議庭(ting)實行民(min)主(zhu)集中制(zhi)，少數服從多數的原則，故合(he)議仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)的組(zu)成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員應當(dang)是單數。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)審(shen)理案件應當(dang)公開進行，經審(shen)理作(zuo)出的仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決，應當(dang)庭(ting)向(xiang)(xiang)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)宣讀，向(xiang)(xiang)當(dang)事(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)送達仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決書。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)完成(cheng)一(yi)案的仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)(ren)務后即解散。

仲裁庭的組成

仲(zhong)裁庭由仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)組(zu)成，仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)產生是(shi)(shi)根據當事人的(de)意愿而(er)定(ding)(ding)的(de)，決(jue)定(ding)(ding)仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)產生方式是(shi)(shi)當事人的(de)一項權利。仲(zhong)裁員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)產生主要有以下(xia)方式：

(一)當事(shi)人(ren)約定了仲裁庭(ting)的組成方式(shi)，此時有兩種(zhong)情(qing)況。第一種(zhong)情(qing)況是當事(shi)人(ren)約定由三名仲裁員組成仲裁庭(ting)，仲裁員的產生方式(shi)有兩種(zhong)：

（1）是由(you)(you)(you)雙方(fang)(fang)當事(shi)人各自(zi)(zi)選定(ding)(ding)(ding)一(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)各自(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)托(tuo)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會主(zhu)任指(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)一(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，第三(san)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由(you)(you)(you)雙方(fang)(fang)當事(shi)人共(gong)同選定(ding)(ding)(ding)；二是由(you)(you)(you)雙方(fang)(fang)當事(shi)人各自(zi)(zi)選定(ding)(ding)(ding)一(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，或(huo)者(zhe)(zhe)各自(zi)(zi)委(wei)(wei)托(tuo)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會主(zhu)任指(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)一(yi)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，第三(san)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由(you)(you)(you)當事(shi)人共(gong)同委(wei)(wei)托(tuo)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會的主(zhu)任指(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。這兩種類型中，第三(san)名(ming)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是首(shou)席仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

（2）第二種情況是當(dang)事人(ren)約定由(you)一名(ming)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員成立仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭的，應當(dang)由(you)當(dang)事人(ren)共同選(xuan)定或(huo)者委托仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委員會主任(ren)指定仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員。

(二) 當(dang)事人沒(mei)有在仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)規(gui)(gui)則規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)期(qi)限內(nei)約定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭的(de)(de)組(zu)成方(fang)式，由仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委員會主任(ren)決定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭的(de)(de)組(zu)成方(fang)式；當(dang)事人雖然在仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)規(gui)(gui)則規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)期(qi)限內(nei)約定(ding)了(le)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭的(de)(de)組(zu)成方(fang)式但沒(mei)有選定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員的(de)(de)，由仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委員會的(de)(de)主任(ren)指(zhi)定(ding)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員。

仲裁庭開庭流程

一、仲(zhong)裁(cai)委員(yuan)會應(ying)當在(zai)仲(zhong)裁(cai)規則規定(ding)的期限內將(jiang)開(kai)庭日期通知(zhi)雙方當事人(ren)

二、開庭(ting)仲裁(cai)，由首席仲裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)或(huo)者獨任(ren)仲裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)宣布開庭(ting)

隨后(hou)，首席仲(zhong)裁(cai)員或者獨(du)任仲(zhong)裁(cai)員核對當事(shi)人(ren)(ren)，宣布案由(you)，宣布仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭組成人(ren)(ren)員和記錄人(ren)(ren)員名單，告知當事(shi)人(ren)(ren)有關的仲(zhong)裁(cai)權利義務，詢問當事(shi)人(ren)(ren)是否提出回避申請。

三、開庭調查

(1)當事(shi)人陳述；

(2)告知(zhi)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)人的權利義務，證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)人作(zuo)證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，宣(xuan)讀未到庭的證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)人證(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)言；

(3)出示書證、物證和視聽資料；

(4)宣讀勘驗筆錄(lu)(lu)、現場(chang)筆錄(lu)(lu)；

(5)宣(xuan)讀鑒定結論；

四、舉(ju)證(zheng)、質證(zheng)、當事(shi)人(ren)辯論(lun)；

五、調解，裁決(jue)。