什么是仲裁庭

1、仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是指由當(dang)事人選定或者仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員會主(zhu)任指定的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員組成(cheng)的(de)，對當(dang)事人申請(qing)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)(an)件依(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)程(cheng)序(xu)進(jin)行審理(li)并作出裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)的(de)組織(zhi)形式。按照《仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)法》的(de)規(gui)定，仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委(wei)員會受理(li)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)案(an)(an)件后，應按程(cheng)序(xu)組成(cheng)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭對案(an)(an)件進(jin)行審理(li)和裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決(jue)。因此，仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭是行使仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)權(quan)的(de)主(zhu)體(ti)。

2、在中國，根據仲(zhong)裁(cai)法規(gui)規(gui)定，仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭分為兩種(zhong)：

（1）獨(du)任仲(zhong)裁庭，由一名(ming)仲(zhong)裁員承擔(dan)爭議案件的仲(zhong)裁任務。

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（2）合議(yi)(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)，由雙(shuang)方當事人(ren)(ren)各自(zi)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)定(ding)(ding)一名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，第三(san)名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)由雙(shuang)方當事人(ren)(ren)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)定(ding)(ding)或共(gong)同(tong)(tong)委托仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)委員(yuan)(yuan)會(hui)指定(ding)(ding)。第三(san)名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)是首席(xi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)。三(san)人(ren)(ren)組成(cheng)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)，承擔爭議(yi)(yi)案(an)件的仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)；或者(zhe)由雙(shuang)方當事人(ren)(ren)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)定(ding)(ding)首席(xi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，由首席(xi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)定(ding)(ding)二名仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)，擔負爭議(yi)(yi)案(an)件的仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)。合議(yi)(yi)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)實(shi)行民主集中制，少數服從多(duo)數的原(yuan)則，故合議(yi)(yi)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)的組成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)員(yuan)(yuan)應當是單數。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)審(shen)(shen)理案(an)件應當公開進行，經審(shen)(shen)理作出的仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決，應當庭(ting)(ting)(ting)向當事人(ren)(ren)宣讀，向當事人(ren)(ren)送達仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)決書。仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)庭(ting)(ting)(ting)完成(cheng)一案(an)的仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)任(ren)務(wu)后(hou)即解散。

仲裁庭的組成

仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭由仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)組(zu)成，仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)產生是根(gen)據當事(shi)人的(de)(de)(de)意愿而定的(de)(de)(de)，決定仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)產生方式是當事(shi)人的(de)(de)(de)一項(xiang)權利。仲(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)產生主要有(you)以下方式：

(一)當事人約定(ding)了仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)的(de)組成(cheng)方(fang)式，此時有兩(liang)種(zhong)情況。第一種(zhong)情況是當事人約定(ding)由三名仲(zhong)裁(cai)員組成(cheng)仲(zhong)裁(cai)庭(ting)，仲(zhong)裁(cai)員的(de)產生(sheng)方(fang)式有兩(liang)種(zhong)：

（1）是由(you)(you)雙(shuang)方當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)各自(zi)選(xuan)定(ding)一(yi)名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)或(huo)者各自(zi)委托仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會主(zhu)任指定(ding)一(yi)名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，第三名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由(you)(you)雙(shuang)方當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)共同(tong)選(xuan)定(ding)；二是由(you)(you)雙(shuang)方當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)各自(zi)選(xuan)定(ding)一(yi)名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，或(huo)者各自(zi)委托仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會主(zhu)任指定(ding)一(yi)名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，第三名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)由(you)(you)當(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)共同(tong)委托仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)委員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)會的主(zhu)任指定(ding)。這兩種類型(xing)中，第三名仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是首(shou)席仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

（2）第二種情況是當事(shi)人約定由一名仲裁員成立仲裁庭(ting)的(de)，應當由當事(shi)人共同(tong)選(xuan)定或者(zhe)委(wei)托仲裁委(wei)員會主任(ren)指定仲裁員。

(二) 當事人沒有在仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)規(gui)則(ze)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的期(qi)限(xian)內約定(ding)(ding)(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)的組(zu)成方(fang)式，由仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會主任(ren)決定(ding)(ding)(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)的組(zu)成方(fang)式；當事人雖然在仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)規(gui)則(ze)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的期(qi)限(xian)內約定(ding)(ding)(ding)了仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)庭(ting)的組(zu)成方(fang)式但沒有選定(ding)(ding)(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)的，由仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)委(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)會的主任(ren)指定(ding)(ding)(ding)仲(zhong)裁(cai)(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)。

仲裁庭開庭流程

一、仲裁委(wei)員(yuan)會應(ying)當(dang)在(zai)仲裁規則規定的期限內將(jiang)開庭日期通知雙方當(dang)事人

二、開(kai)庭仲裁(cai)，由首(shou)席(xi)仲裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)或者獨任(ren)仲裁(cai)員(yuan)(yuan)宣(xuan)布開(kai)庭

隨后，首席仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員或者獨任(ren)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)員核對當事人，宣布案由，宣布仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)庭組成人員和記錄人員名單，告知當事人有關(guan)的(de)仲(zhong)(zhong)裁(cai)權利義務，詢問當事人是否(fou)提(ti)出回(hui)避申請(qing)。

三、開庭調查

(1)當事(shi)人陳述(shu)；

(2)告(gao)知證(zheng)人的權利(li)義務，證(zheng)人作證(zheng)，宣讀未到庭的證(zheng)人證(zheng)言；

(3)出示書證、物證和視聽資料；

(4)宣(xuan)讀(du)勘驗筆錄、現場筆錄；

(5)宣讀鑒定結論；

四、舉(ju)證、質證、當事(shi)人(ren)辯論；

五(wu)、調解(jie)，裁決。