一、防爆電器和非防爆電器的區別在哪里

很多人可能不知道防爆電器到底是什么，用在什么場所的，和普通的電器產品有什么區別？為了更好地讓大家明白防爆電器與普通電(dian)器的區(qu)別(bie)，在(zai)這里給大(da)家做個簡單的比較。

1、使用區域不同

防爆(bao)(bao)電氣(qi)是按照(zhao)電氣(qi)防爆(bao)(bao)國家標準(zhun)GB3836（氣(qi)體防爆(bao)(bao)）或GB12476（粉(fen)塵防爆(bao)(bao)）設計生產并通(tong)過(guo)防爆(bao)(bao)認(ren)證取得防爆(bao)(bao)合格證，可以用(yong)(yong)在危險區域和安全區域；非防爆(bao)(bao)的(de)只能在安全區域使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。

2、裝置不同

防爆電器和普通電器的(de)區別是防爆(bao)電器有一個密封(feng)性的(de)殼體(ti)。

該圖片由注冊用戶"淺嘗不止—"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、防爆電器的設計特點有哪些

1、外殼的設計

便攜式、本質安(an)全(quan)型儀器儀表的外(wai)殼(ke)有時采用(yong)(yong)塑料外(wai)殼(ke)，有時采用(yong)(yong)金屬外(wai)殼(ke)。當選用(yong)(yong)塑料外(wai)殼(ke)時，為保證塑料外(wai)殼(ke)正常工作時不積聚危險(xian)靜電(dian)，其表面電(dian)阻不得超過(guo)1×109Ω。塑料外(wai)殼(ke)應經過(guo)抗沖擊試驗(yan)和熱穩定試驗(yan)。

正(zheng)常運行(xing)產生火花、電(dian)弧或危(wei)險溫度的電(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)(bei)、功率大于(yu)(yu)250W或電(dian)流(liu)大于(yu)(yu)5A的Ⅰ類(lei)電(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)(bei)，均須采(cai)用接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)(he)(he)與(yu)設(she)備(bei)(bei)主體進行(xing)電(dian)氣連接(jie)接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)(he)(he)就是專(zhuan)供(gong)電(dian)纜或導線(xian)與(yu)電(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)(bei)進行(xing)連接(jie)的部件。Ⅰ類(lei)隔(ge)(ge)爆型電(dian)氣設(she)備(bei)(bei)廣泛使用的是隔(ge)(ge)爆型接(jie)線(xian)。盒(he)(he)(he)接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)(he)(he)內(nei)壁(bi)應(ying)涂耐弧漆，接(jie)線(xian)盒(he)(he)(he)及主體腔(qiang)上的隔(ge)(ge)爆接(jie)合面應(ying)做防銹(xiu)處理，如涂防銹(xiu)油(you)等。

另外，對于防爆電器(qi)，要在(zai)其外殼(ke)的明顯處有永(yong)久性的Ex防爆總標(biao)志及(ji)MA安(an)全(quan)標(biao)志。

針(zhen)對某些地方(fang)煤礦井下存在的電(dian)機違章(zhang)操作現象(xiang)，我們(men)研(yan)制了QF40型小型防爆(bao)起動(dong)器(qi)，其額(e)(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓380V，額(e)(e)定(ding)電(dian)流(liu)40A。外(wai)(wai)(wai)殼設(she)(she)計分為(wei)主體腔與接線腔。外(wai)(wai)(wai)殼為(wei)3mm厚鋼板。隔爆(bao)接合面的尺寸及加工精度符合GB3836.2規定(ding)。外(wai)(wai)(wai)殼外(wai)(wai)(wai)形尺寸為(wei)437mm×308mm，外(wai)(wai)(wai)殼防護(hu)等級為(wei)IP54。在外(wai)(wai)(wai)殼的正前方(fang)設(she)(she)有(you)銘牌，銘牌右上角設(she)(she)有(you)Ex標志，防爆(bao)標志dⅠ（150℃），此外(wai)(wai)(wai)，銘牌上還(huan)標有(you)名稱、型號(hao)、額(e)(e)定(ding)電(dian)壓、額(e)(e)定(ding)電(dian)流(liu)、防爆(bao)合格證編號(hao)、安(an)全標志、出廠(chang)編號(hao)、制造(zao)日期等。

2、電路的設計

首(shou)先，電(dian)路的設(she)(she)計要(yao)完成電(dian)器(qi)的電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)功(gong)能(neng)，保證電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)原理的正確性。其次，防爆電(dian)器(qi)的電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)間隙(xi)、爬電(dian)距(ju)離(li)、絕緣(yuan)參(can)數必須符合GB3836的規定要(yao)求。例如，研(yan)制(zhi)QF40型防爆起動器(qi)時，將(jiang)接(jie)線柱的爬電(dian)距(ju)離(li)設(she)(she)計為不(bu)小于(yu)16mm，電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)間隙(xi)不(bu)小于(yu)10mm。隔(ge)爆腔內電(dian)器(qi)元(yuan)件及裝配布置爬電(dian)距(ju)離(li)不(bu)小于(yu)16mm，電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)間隙(xi)不(bu)小于(yu)10mm。隔(ge)爆接(jie)線腔內設(she)(she)有內接(jie)地(di)螺(luo)栓。外殼設(she)(she)有外接(jie)地(di)螺(luo)栓。

研制的本(ben)質安全型(xing)鋼弦(xian)頻率計(ji)在正常(chang)工作(zuo)和(he)故障狀(zhuang)態下(xia)的最(zui)大工作(zuo)電(dian)流和(he)電(dian)壓均不大于所設計(ji)的最(zui)大允許電(dian)流：它的爬電(dian)距(ju)離(li)為3mm，絕緣涂層下(xia)的爬電(dian)距(ju)離(li)為1mm，電(dian)氣(qi)間隙(xi)為3mm。

3、電源的設計

本質(zhi)安(an)全(quan)型(xing)便(bian)攜式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)備最(zui)常用的獨立電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)是干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)都屬(shu)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，可按(an)(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)性電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路最(zui)小點燃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)曲線確定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)安(an)全(quan)參數(shu)(shu)。按(an)(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)最(zui)高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓查出相應最(zui)小點燃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，再除(chu)以(yi)安(an)全(quan)系數(shu)(shu)值（為(wei)2），即(ji)為(wei)該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的設(she)計(ji)(ji)允許最(zui)大安(an)全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)最(zui)嚴重(zhong)的放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)直接短路。因(yin)此，應以(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的最(zui)大短路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)作(zuo)為(wei)衡量(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)本質(zhi)安(an)全(quan)性能的基(ji)準(zhun)。若電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)最(zui)大短路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)大于設(she)計(ji)(ji)允許值，必須串加限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)。并且，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)或蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)與限流(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)膠封為(wei)一體(ti)，構成本質(zhi)安(an)全(quan)型(xing)組件。膠封材(cai)料有環氧樹脂、硅橡膠、工業石(shi)蠟等。

例如，我(wo)們(men)在設計(ji)(ji)鋼弦頻率計(ji)(ji)時特制(zhi)的(de)本(ben)安電池(chi)組(zu)，由4節5#充電電池(chi)串接而成(cheng)，并(bing)串入一個(ge)用康銅絲自制(zhi)的(de)限(xian)流電阻，其功率為5.2W。并(bing)用環氧樹(shu)脂(zhi)膠(jiao)液充滿電池(chi)盒整個(ge)空間(jian)，灌封牢固。

煤(mei)礦井下實際應(ying)用(yong)的本質安全型(xing)電氣設(she)備，還有許(xu)多采用(yong)從動力電網引入經整流供電電源。由于輸(shu)入電路與(yu)動力電網關聯(lian)，所以(yi)，要設(she)計成隔爆兼本質安全型(xing)。

對(dui)于隔爆(bao)型電(dian)器的(de)電(dian)源(yuan)，是在上(shang)級斷電(dian)時，在隔爆(bao)接線盒(he)內接線，完成電(dian)器電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)連通工(gong)作。