漢朝：西漢(公元前202年~公元8年)+新朝(9年1月15日~23年10月6日)+東漢(公元25~220年)

漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)朝(chao)(chao)是繼秦(qin)朝(chao)(chao)之(zhi)后(hou)的大(da)(da)一(yi)統王(wang)朝(chao)(chao)，分為西(xi)(xi)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)、東(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)，共歷29帝(di)(di)(di)，享國(guo)(guo)四(si)百零七年(nian)(nian)，秦(qin)末(mo)天(tian)下大(da)(da)亂，劉邦(bang)在推翻秦(qin)朝(chao)(chao)后(hou)被封為漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)王(wang)，楚漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)之(zhi)爭獲勝后(hou)劉邦(bang)稱(cheng)帝(di)(di)(di)建立漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)朝(chao)(chao)，定都(dou)(dou)長(chang)安(an)，史稱(cheng)西(xi)(xi)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)；公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)8年(nian)(nian)王(wang)莽廢西(xi)(xi)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)末(mo)帝(di)(di)(di)，定都(dou)(dou)長(chang)安(an)，史稱(cheng)新朝(chao)(chao)，西(xi)(xi)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)滅亡；公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)25年(nian)(nian)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)朝(chao)(chao)宗室(shi)(shi)后(hou)裔劉秀統一(yi)天(tian)下匡(kuang)復漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)室(shi)(shi)，后(hou)仍沿(yan)用漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)作為國(guo)(guo)號，定都(dou)(dou)洛(luo)陽，史稱(cheng)東(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)184年(nian)(nian)爆(bao)發黃巾起義(yi)，雖剿(jiao)滅民亂卻導致地方擁(yong)兵自重(zhong)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)191年(nian)(nian)董卓遷都(dou)(dou)長(chang)安(an)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)220年(nian)(nian)曹(cao)丕篡漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)，東(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)滅亡，中國(guo)(guo)進入三(san)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)。漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)朝(chao)(chao)和(he)約略同時(shi)(shi)期(qi)歐(ou)洲的羅馬帝(di)(di)(di)國(guo)(guo)并列為當(dang)時(shi)(shi)世界上最先進的文明(ming)及強大(da)(da)帝(di)(di)(di)國(guo)(guo)，國(guo)(guo)土面積約達609萬平方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里，自漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)朝(chao)(chao)以后(hou)逐(zhu)漸被稱(cheng)為漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)族，兩漢(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)在科(ke)技(ji)領域亦(yi)頗有成就。