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一.產品介紹

產于鄧李鄉馬灣村(cun)。其主(zhu)要特色是：入口(kou)甘爽，色澤鮮亮，白里透紅(hong)，含糖量(liang)高，營養豐(feng)富，離核，種植面積大，歷(li)史悠久，曾遠(yuan)銷前蘇(su)聯(lian)、香港等地，遠(yuan)近(jin)聞名。屬產地特色類。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

2.1土壤地(di)貌情況(kuang) “馬灣白桃”產(chan)地(di)為沙(sha)(sha)河(he)(he)沖積平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)，地(di)形北(bei)部(bu)高(gao)，中(zhong)部(bu)和(he)東南緩低，沃(wo)野坦蕩(dang)。境(jing)內土壤為黃潮土、結構(gou)疏(shu)松，透(tou)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)性好(hao)，水(shui)質甘(gan)甜，有(you)機質含量(liang)1.224%，全(quan)氮(dan)0.068%，速(su)(su)效(xiao)磷8ppm，速(su)(su)效(xiao)氮(dan)67 ppm,速(su)(su)效(xiao)鉀81 ppm，pH 6.77～7.35。 2.2水(shui)文情況(kuang) 境(jing)內有(you)本(ben)縣(xian)(xian)最(zui)大的(de)河(he)(he)流沙(sha)(sha)河(he)(he)穿境(jing)而(er)過(guo)，沙(sha)(sha)河(he)(he)以(yi)南與大麥河(he)(he)在(zai)鄧李(li)(li)鄉境(jing)內匯(hui)入沙(sha)(sha)河(he)(he)、源于鄧李(li)(li)鄉鄧李(li)(li)村北(bei)的(de)北(bei)大溝在(zai)沙(sha)(sha)河(he)(he)出縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)口處注入沙(sha)(sha)河(he)(he)。三條(tiao)河(he)(he)流年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)最(zui)大徑流量(liang)23.85億(yi)m3。地(di)下水(shui)由自然(ran)降水(shui)，自流灌(guan)溉回(hui)歸水(shui)，河(he)(he)流側滲等組成，可利(li)用水(shui)資源總量(liang)接近950萬m2。 2.3氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候情況(kuang) 葉縣(xian)(xian)屬(shu)暖(nuan)(nuan)溫(wen)帶(dai)大陸季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候，四季(ji)(ji)分(fen)明、春季(ji)(ji)溫(wen)暖(nuan)(nuan)，風(feng)多(duo)(duo)(duo)雨少，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)回(hui)升快(kuai)；夏季(ji)(ji)炎熱，雨水(shui)集中(zhong)；秋季(ji)(ji)涼爽，秋雨綿綿，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)日(ri)差(cha)較(jiao)大。年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)14.8度(du)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)降水(shui)量(liang)804.8毫(hao)米。境(jing)內多(duo)(duo)(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數1991.1小時(shi)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)率(lv)是(shi)45%，年(nian)(nian)(nian)最(zui)多(duo)(duo)(duo)日(ri)照(zhao)數為2193.5小時(shi)，最(zui)少日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數為1702.7小時(shi)。區域(yu)光照(zhao)充足，年(nian)(nian)(nian)無霜期216天(tian)。

三.地域范圍

“馬灣白(bai)桃(tao)”分布在葉(xie)縣鄧李(li)鄉和洪莊楊鄉境內境內沙(sha)河兩岸(an)的馬灣、灣李(li)、、妝頭等16個(ge)行政村。位于東經(jing)113°28′56″～113°34′18″ ，北緯 33°43′32″～33°41′32″，東西長25公里(li)，南北寬12公里(li)。 適宜種植面積3.2萬畝，年產量(liang)6.4萬噸左(zuo)右。

四.產品品質特性特征

4.1 外在感(gan)官(guan)特征 馬灣白(bai)(bai)桃的主(zhu)要特色是：個大(da)鮮亮(liang)，白(bai)(bai)里透紅，核(he)肉(rou)分離，汁多爽口，肉(rou)軟味甜。 4.2 內在品(pin)質指標 經農(nong)業部農(nong)產品(pin)質量監督檢(jian)驗測試中(zhong)心（鄭州）檢(jian)驗，“馬灣白(bai)(bai)桃”可溶(rong)性固(gu)形物含量為12%～14 %，鐵含量6.4～7.6/100g，鉀含量131～178/100g。

五.特定生產方式

3.1 園地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇 園地(di)應選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇“馬(ma)灣白桃(tao)(tao)”產(chan)地(di)保護(hu)范圍(wei)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沙壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)， pH值7.0左(zuo)右，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)鹽分(fen)(fen)(fen)含(han)量不(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)于(yu)1％，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量≥10g/kg，排灌便利，交(jiao)通方便，沒有(you)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)核果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)類(lei)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)塊。產(chan)地(di)環境符合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)NY/T 391的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)。 3.2品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇 以(yi)(yi)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“馬(ma)灣白桃(tao)(tao)”品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)大白桃(tao)(tao)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，適當(dang)引進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)沙子早生(sheng)(sheng)等(deng)(deng)(deng)新品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3大坑定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，重施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) “馬(ma)灣白桃(tao)(tao)”種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求按寬(kuan)、深(shen)(shen)(shen)各0.8m—1m開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)挖定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坑（溝(gou)(gou)），并將(jiang)挖出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)（表土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)）與生(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)（底土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)）分(fen)(fen)(fen)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)堆(dui)放(fang)(fang)。回填(tian)(tian)時(shi)(shi)將(jiang)熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)與腐(fu)熟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)（每(mei)(mei)(mei)穴25kg左(zuo)右或(huo)每(mei)(mei)(mei)畝2000kg—3000kg）充分(fen)(fen)(fen)混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)填(tian)(tian)入定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坑（溝(gou)(gou)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)層，生(sheng)(sheng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)填(tian)(tian)上層。 3.4 適期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)密植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) “馬(ma)灣白桃(tao)(tao)”定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)秋季(ji)(ji)落(luo)(luo)葉(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)至(zhi)次(ci)(ci)年春(chun)季(ji)(ji)桃(tao)(tao)樹萌(meng)(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)前(qian)。定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)，對(dui)苗(miao)木(mu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)系用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)1%硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)銅(tong)溶液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)浸5min后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)再放(fang)(fang)到2%石灰(hui)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)浸2min進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)消(xiao)(xiao)毒。定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)三封兩踩(cai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)苗(miao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求苗(miao)木(mu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)系舒展(zhan)，苗(miao)木(mu)扶正(zheng)、嫁接(jie)(jie)口朝(chao)向(xiang)西北迎風(feng)方向(xiang)，根(gen)(gen)(gen)系周(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)填(tian)(tian)熟土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)深(shen)(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)(du)以(yi)(yi)澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)沉實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)苗(miao)木(mu)根(gen)(gen)(gen)莖與地(di)表相平(ping)。定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)根(gen)(gen)(gen)據品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)特(te)性(xing)(xing)和(he)樹形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)而定(ding)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)心形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)整枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)為(wei) 4×3米 ，每(mei)(mei)(mei)畝55株，Y字形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)整枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)3×2米 ，每(mei)(mei)(mei)畝 110株，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)型整枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)密度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)2×1米，每(mei)(mei)(mei)畝330株。 3.5深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)改土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，提(ti)(ti)升地(di)力 每(mei)(mei)(mei)年秋季(ji)(ji)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)結(jie)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)秋施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)改土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。擴穴深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)為(wei)在(zai)(zai)定(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴（溝(gou)(gou)）外挖環狀溝(gou)(gou)或(huo)平(ping)行(xing)溝(gou)(gou)，溝(gou)(gou)寬(kuan)30-50cm，深(shen)(shen)(shen)30cm～45cm全(quan)(quan)園深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)應將(jiang)栽植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)穴外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)全(quan)(quan)部深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)，深(shen)(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)(du)30cm～40cm，耕翻(fan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)耙平(ping)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)回填(tian)(tian)時(shi)(shi)混(hun)入有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)充分(fen)(fen)(fen)灌水(shui)(shui)(shui)。 3.6果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園生(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)，改善環境 提(ti)(ti)倡桃(tao)(tao)園行(xing)間(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)草(cao)制(zhi)(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，改善果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)環境。選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)類(lei)應是與桃(tao)(tao)樹無共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)性(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)豆科(ke)綠肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)作物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)，并適時(shi)(shi)刈割(ge)翻(fan)埋于(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)或(huo)覆蓋樹盤(pan)。 3.7肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管理(li)(li) 3.7.1施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 3.7.1.1 施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)原(yuan)則(ze) 肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求以(yi)(yi)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、化肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)輔，保持(chi)和(he)增加土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)力及(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)活性(xing)(xing)。提(ti)(ti)倡根(gen)(gen)(gen)據土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)和(he)葉(xie)片的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)營(ying)養分(fen)(fen)(fen)析進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)配方施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)平(ping)衡施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)應符合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)《NYT394綠色(se)(se)食(shi)品_肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)料使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)準則(ze)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求 。 3.7.1.2 施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)方法(fa)(fa)和(he)數(shu)量 基肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)于(yu)九月(yue)份桃(tao)(tao)樹外圍(wei)新梢開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)緩慢生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)至(zhi)停(ting)止生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)時(shi)(shi)或(huo)秋季(ji)(ji)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)入。以(yi)(yi)農(nong)家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求每(mei)(mei)(mei)667m2施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)優(you)質(zhi)(zhi)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)3000kg～4000kg。幼(you)(you)齡樹和(he)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)樹的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)育(yu)前(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)以(yi)(yi)氮磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)育(yu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)磷(lin)鉀(jia)(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。全(quan)(quan)年追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)2次(ci)(ci)～3次(ci)(ci)，前(qian)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)多(duo)(duo)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)少(shao)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。分(fen)(fen)(fen)別于(yu)萌(meng)(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)前(qian)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667m2追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鉀(jia)(jia)復合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)（15—15—15）50kg；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膨大期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667m 2追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)磷(lin)酸(suan)二(er)氫(qing)鉀(jia)(jia)40kg，最后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)須在(zai)(zai)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)20d前(qian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)。每(mei)(mei)(mei)年根(gen)(gen)(gen)外噴(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)微(wei)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、磷(lin)酸(suan)二(er)氫(qing)鉀(jia)(jia)5～6次(ci)(ci)。距(ju)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)20d內停(ting)止葉(xie)面(mian)(mian)追(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。 3.7.2水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)管理(li)(li) 桃(tao)(tao)樹在(zai)(zai)萌(meng)(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)前(qian)，幼(you)(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)膨大期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)落(luo)(luo)葉(xie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)封凍前(qian)，澆(jiao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)三次(ci)(ci)。其(qi)他生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)季(ji)(ji)節如土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)干(gan)(gan)(gan)旱或(huo)每(mei)(mei)(mei)次(ci)(ci)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)(fen)不(bu)(bu)足時(shi)(shi)適量灌水(shui)(shui)(shui)。開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)花(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和(he)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)轉色(se)(se)至(zhi)成熟期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)控制(zhi)(zhi)灌水(shui)(shui)(shui)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求灌溉水(shui)(shui)(shui)無污染，水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)應符合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)NY/T 391中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)4.2規(gui)定(ding)。 3.8整形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)修(xiu)剪 3.8.1主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)樹形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 3.8.1.1自然(ran)(ran)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)心形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 干(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)50cm-60cm，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)(liu)3個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)上分(fen)(fen)(fen)布錯落(luo)(luo)有(you)致(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方向(xiang)不(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)正(zheng)南(nan)；主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)在(zai)(zai)40o～70o；每(mei)(mei)(mei)個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)配置2個(ge)(ge)～3個(ge)(ge)側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。呈(cheng)順向(xiang)排列，側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)張角(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)70o左(zuo)右。 3.8.1.2 Y字形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing) 干(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)40cm～50cm，選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)(liu)2個(ge)(ge)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)角(jiao)度(du)(du)(du)60o～90o，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)培養結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)。 3.8.1.3 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)型 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)高(gao)(gao)170-200cm，主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)基部60cm以(yi)(yi)上分(fen)(fen)(fen)布結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)25-30個(ge)(ge)，不(bu)(bu)留(liu)(liu)側(ce)(ce)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)結(jie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)組(zu)(zu)。 3.9花(hua)(hua)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)管理(li)(li) 3.9.1保花(hua)(hua)保果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo) 盛花(hua)(hua)初期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，噴(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)0.3%磷(lin)酸(suan)二(er)氫(qing)鉀(jia)(jia)＋0.3%硼（酸(suan)）砂＋0.3%白糖混(hun)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)或(huo)愛(ai)多(duo)(duo)收(shou)(shou)(shou)、坐果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)靈等(deng)(deng)(deng)促進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)坐果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；也(ye)可(ke)(ke)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡放(fang)(fang)一(yi)(yi)(yi)箱蜜蜂或(huo)50頭－100頭角(jiao)額壁蜂進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)授(shou)(shou)粉；從(cong)初花(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)于(yu)上午9－10時(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電動采(cai)(cai)粉授(shou)(shou)粉器或(huo)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)點授(shou)(shou)等(deng)(deng)(deng)方法(fa)(fa)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)授(shou)(shou)粉。 3.9.2 疏(shu)花(hua)(hua)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo) 3.9.2.1 原(yuan)則(ze) 根(gen)(gen)(gen)據品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)特(te)性(xing)(xing)、自然(ran)(ran)條件、經營(ying)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)、產(chan)品定(ding)向(xiang)等(deng)(deng)(deng)，通過(guo)(guo)整形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)修(xiu)剪、疏(shu)花(hua)(hua)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)等(deng)(deng)(deng)措施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)調節產(chan)量，一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)每(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡產(chan)量在(zai)(zai)2000kg－2500kg。 3.9.2.2 時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)方法(fa)(fa) 于(yu)花(hua)(hua)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)膨大至(zhi)花(hua)(hua)蕾開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)綻前(qian)，疏(shu)除(chu)(chu)過(guo)(guo)多(duo)(duo)、瘦(shou)小(xiao)、畸(ji)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)及(ji)梢端弱質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)花(hua)(hua)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)與花(hua)(hua)蕾。疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)分(fen)(fen)(fen)2次(ci)(ci)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)：第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)落(luo)(luo)花(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)2周(zhou)(zhou)，疏(shu)去(qu)小(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、畸(ji)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、并生(sheng)(sheng)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)及(ji)過(guo)(guo)多(duo)(duo)過(guo)(guo)密果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)；第(di)二(er)次(ci)(ci)在(zai)(zai)落(luo)(luo)花(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)3周(zhou)(zhou)－4周(zhou)(zhou)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)(li)落(luo)(luo)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)疏(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)定(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，首(shou)先(xian)疏(shu)去(qu)朝(chao)天果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，無葉(xie)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)留(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兩側(ce)(ce)，向(xiang)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)健(jian)(jian)壯(zhuang)好(hao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)長(chang)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)(liu)3個(ge)(ge)－4個(ge)(ge)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)（果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)間(jian)(jian)距(ju)15cm－20cm），中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)2個(ge)(ge)－3個(ge)(ge)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，短果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)花(hua)(hua)束狀果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)枝(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)留(liu)(liu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)或(huo)不(bu)(bu)留(liu)(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。 3.9.3果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)套(tao)(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai) 在(zai)(zai)定(ding)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)套(tao)(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)。套(tao)(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)前(qian)噴(pen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)殺蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)殺菌(jun)劑，待(dai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)面(mian)(mian)藥液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)涼干(gan)(gan)(gan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)套(tao)(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)應選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)強，抗風(feng)吹雨淋、透氣好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)規(gui)廠家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)紙袋(dai)(dai)(dai)或(huo)塑膜袋(dai)(dai)(dai)。 3.9.4提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品質(zhi)(zhi)量 在(zai)(zai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)轉色(se)(se)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前(qian)增噴(pen)磷(lin)、鉀(jia)(jia)、鈣等(deng)(deng)(deng)營(ying)養元素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎上，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)樹下(xia)(xia)鋪反光(guang)(guang)塑膜，及(ji)時(shi)(shi)摘(zhai)除(chu)(chu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)圍(wei)貼果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)與遮光(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)葉(xie)、梢，增加樹冠內膛及(ji)下(xia)(xia)部光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)，促進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)著色(se)(se)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)品質(zhi)(zhi)量。 3.10病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 3.10.1植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)檢(jian)(jian)疫 禁止檢(jian)(jian)疫性(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)從(cong)疫區傳入我(wo)地(di)。不(bu)(bu)得從(cong)疫區調運苗(miao)木(mu)、接(jie)(jie)穗(sui)、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子，所有(you)外調苗(miao)木(mu)，必須嚴(yan)格(ge)檢(jian)(jian)疫，一(yi)(yi)(yi)經發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)現檢(jian)(jian)疫性(xing)(xing)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)應立(li)(li)即銷(xiao)毀(hui)(hui)。 3.10.2農(nong)業防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 以(yi)(yi)對(dui)當(dang)地(di)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)抗性(xing)(xing)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)良(liang)砧(zhen)建園；強化土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)管理(li)(li)，合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)整形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)修(xiu)剪，保持(chi)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通風(feng)透光(guang)(guang)條件，合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)理(li)(li)負載，保持(chi)健(jian)(jian)壯(zhuang)樹勢，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)樹體抗性(xing)(xing)；冬春(chun)刮除(chu)(chu)老翹皮、腐(fu)爛病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)斑，徹底清園、減少(shao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)源(yuan)；土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)(rang)接(jie)(jie)近封凍時(shi)(shi)深(shen)(shen)(shen)翻(fan)，凍死在(zai)(zai)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)越(yue)冬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)；早春(chun)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)行(xing)地(di)膜覆蓋，阻隔土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)內越(yue)冬害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)出土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)為(wei)害(hai)(hai)；晚秋樹干(gan)(gan)(gan)綁(bang)草(cao)環，誘集病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)藏身越(yue)冬集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)燒毀(hui)(hui)，減少(shao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)越(yue)冬基數(shu)；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寄主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)誘集害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)產(chan)卵，集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)燒毀(hui)(hui)殺滅。 3.10.3物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)理(li)(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 根(gen)(gen)(gen)據害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)學特(te)性(xing)(xing)，在(zai)(zai)桃(tao)(tao)樹4、5月(yue)份采(cai)(cai)取(qu)糖醋(cu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)誘殺害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，5月(yue)份以(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)采(cai)(cai)取(qu)黑(hei)光(guang)(guang)燈誘殺害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，還(huan)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)頻(pin)振式殺蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)燈、樹干(gan)(gan)(gan)纏草(cao)把、粘著劑和(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)網等(deng)(deng)(deng)方法(fa)(fa)誘殺害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.10.4生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 通過(guo)(guo)保護(hu)瓢蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、小(xiao)花(hua)(hua)蝽、草(cao)蛉、食(shi)蚜蠅(ying)、捕(bu)食(shi)螨等(deng)(deng)(deng)天敵，控制(zhi)(zhi)蚜蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)、葉(xie)螨、潛葉(xie)蛾等(deng)(deng)(deng)自然(ran)(ran)天敵人(ren)工(gong)(gong)引移、繁殖釋放(fang)(fang)害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)天敵；果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園養雞或(huo)招引益鳥啄食(shi)害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)或(huo)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)有(you)益微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)及(ji)其(qi)代謝物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)，如利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)昆蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)性(xing)(xing)外激素(su)誘殺害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)。 3.10.5化學防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 提(ti)(ti)倡使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)源(yuan)農(nong)藥、礦物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)源(yuan)農(nong)藥（如石硫(liu)(liu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)劑和(he)硫(liu)(liu)懸浮劑），禁止使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)劇(ju)毒、高(gao)(gao)毒、高(gao)(gao)殘留(liu)(liu)和(he)致(zhi)畸(ji)、致(zhi)癌(ai)、致(zhi)突變農(nong)藥。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化學農(nong)藥時(shi)(shi)嚴(yan)格(ge)按照(zhao)NY/T 393－2000的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求控制(zhi)(zhi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)藥量與安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，并遵照(zhao)國家(jia)有(you)關規(gui)定(ding)。 3.10.6主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)　 主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)：有(you)桃(tao)(tao)細菌(jun)性(xing)(xing)穿(chuan)孔病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、桃(tao)(tao)瘡痂(jia)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)、桃(tao)(tao)縮葉(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)；桃(tao)(tao)蚜、葉(xie)螨、蚧類(lei)害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。 3.10.6.1桃(tao)(tao)細菌(jun)性(xing)(xing)穿(chuan)孔病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)萌(meng)(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)花(hua)(hua)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)3°Be～5°Be石硫(liu)(liu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)劑，消(xiao)(xiao)滅在(zai)(zai)樹體上越(yue)冬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)菌(jun)；或(huo)100萬單(dan)位新植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)霉素(su)可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉劑3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d。 3.10.6.2桃(tao)(tao)瘡痂(jia)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)萌(meng)(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)前(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)50%多(duo)(duo)菌(jun)靈可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉劑500倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d。 3.10.6.3桃(tao)(tao)縮葉(xie)病(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)(bing)：從(cong)萌(meng)(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)幼(you)(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)套(tao)(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)前(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)1.5%多(duo)(duo)抗霉素(su)可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉劑300倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d；或(huo)70%甲基托布津可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉劑100倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)30d。 3.10.6.4桃(tao)(tao)蚜：從(cong)萌(meng)(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)幼(you)(you)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)套(tao)(tao)袋(dai)(dai)(dai)前(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)0.36%苦(ku)參堿水(shui)(shui)(shui)劑1000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)～2000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d。10％吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉劑3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)25d。 3.10.6.5葉(xie)螨：從(cong)萌(meng)(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)前(qian)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)0.9%或(huo)1.8%蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)螨克水(shui)(shui)(shui)劑5000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)或(huo)1.8%阿維菌(jun)素(su)5000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)21d或(huo)14d。 3.10.6.6蚧類(lei)害(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)：從(cong)萌(meng)(meng)(meng)芽(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)(kai)始(shi)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)至(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)前(qian)，謝花(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)10d～15d，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桃(tao)(tao)白蚧、朝(chao)鮮球堅蚧，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)10%吡(bi)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)啉可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉劑3000倍(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)噴(pen)霧(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)間(jian)(jian)隔期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)15d；或(huo)0.2°Be～0.3°Be石硫(liu)(liu)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)劑防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 3.11果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)和(he)采(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)處理(li)(li) 　　根(gen)(gen)(gen)據果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)成熟度(du)(du)(du)、用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途和(he)市場(chang)需求綜合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)確定(ding)采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)適期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。采(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)時(shi)(shi)，輕(qing)拿輕(qing)放(fang)(fang)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)(cai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)立(li)(li)即按要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)挑選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)、包(bao)裝(zhuang)，包(bao)裝(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)應清潔、牢固、無污染、無異味，包(bao)裝(zhuang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)應符合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)國家(jia)有(you)關標準和(he)規(gui)定(ding)，編(bian)上標記(ji)，及(ji)時(shi)(shi)組(zu)(zu)織調運至(zhi)銷(xiao)售市場(chang)或(huo)貯存(cun)地(di)。 3.12 生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)檔案記(ji)錄(lu)　 要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)建立(li)(li)田間(jian)(jian)技術檔案，對(dui)整個(ge)(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)(guo)程全(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)記(ji)載，并妥善保存(cun)，以(yi)(yi)備查閱(yue)。

六.包裝標識相關規定

包(bao)裝(zhuang)主要采用彩色紙盒和(he)箱式包(bao)裝(zhuang)為(wei)主，包(bao)裝(zhuang)材必須符合國家強行性技術(shu)規范要求。產(chan)品(pin)有明確標(biao)(biao)簽，內容包(bao)括：產(chan)品(pin)名稱，商(shang)標(biao)(biao)， 產(chan)品(pin)執行標(biao)(biao)準，生(sheng)產(chan)者及銷售者詳細地址(zhi)，聯系方式，凈含量及生(sheng)產(chan)日期。