一.產品介紹
鐘祥市位于湖北中(zhong)部,漢(han)江中(zhong)游,江漢(han)平原北部,是“中(zhong)國(guo)優(you)秀旅游城市”,“中(zhong)國(guo)長壽之鄉”,“世界文(wen)化遺產(chan)——明顯陵”所在地(di)(di),是明朝(chao)嘉靖皇帝的發祥地(di)(di)。境內交(jiao)通便利,鐵路(lu),高速公路(lu),207國(guo)道,省道,鄉村公路(lu)等(deng)路(lu)網縱(zong)橫交(jiao)錯。境內風光秀麗,鐘聚祥瑞,人杰地(di)(di)靈(ling)。西(xi)瓜溫、光、水等(deng)資源(yuan)豐富,土(tu)地(di)(di)肥沃,地(di)(di)質優(you)良,氣(qi)候(hou)適宜,耕作便利,栽培模式(shi)新,農業生產(chan)條件(jian)好,所產(chan)西(xi)瓜個大、皮薄、味甜(tian)、口感好、含糖量(liang)高。
鐘祥市獲(huo)得省(sheng)以上綠(lv)色食(shi)(shi)品(pin)(無公害食(shi)(shi)品(pin))48個,其中(zhong)(zhong)綠(lv)色食(shi)(shi)品(pin)嘗(chang)28個,無公害食(shi)(shi)品(pin)20個。來自長壽之(zhi)鄉(xiang)的(de)綠(lv)色食(shi)(shi)品(pin)——西瓜將(jiang)給你(ni)高品(pin)質生活帶來保(bao)證(zheng)。 鐘祥還是中(zhong)(zhong)國著(zhu)名的(de)長壽之(zhi)鄉(xiang),經專家檢測,鐘祥境內的(de)土壤、水質和大氣質量均是一流,水和土壤中(zhong)(zhong)含有人(ren)體(ti)必(bi)須的(de)鉬、鍶、鉀等多種微量元素,太陽輻(fu)射平均能112.364千卡/平米,這(zhe)些都為生產(chan)出(chu)健康綠(lv)色食(shi)(shi)品(pin)提(ti)供了(le)有利條件。
自1990年以來,鐘祥(xiang)(xiang)市堅(jian)持以發展西(xi)瓜(gua)產業為(wei)主導(dao)產業,積極引(yin)導(dao)瓜(gua)農種植新品種,鐘祥(xiang)(xiang)市已有10多個(ge)鄉鎮發展西(xi)甜瓜(gua)種植,面積近(jin)十萬畝,形成西(xi)瓜(gua)產業群,年產西(xi)甜瓜(gua)40萬噸以上。
主要品種有:花皮有籽(zi)系列(lie)、黑皮無籽(zi)、花皮無籽(zi)系列(lie)、美國黑將(jiang)軍、黑美人及伊(yi)麗莎(sha)白甜瓜等,早中(zhong)晚(wan)熟兼(jian)顧。上市周(zhou)期(qi):六月(yue)中(zhong)旬-九月(yue)下旬。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土(tu)壤(rang)地(di)(di)貌(mao)情(qing)況:土(tu)壤(rang)分(fen)布為(wei)西(xi)(xi)沙(sha)(sha)、北(bei)粘(zhan)、中(zhong)部(bu)壤(rang)土(tu),PH值(zhi)5.6-7.5,西(xi)(xi)部(bu)屬河流沖積物(wu),土(tu)地(di)(di)積有(you)(you)(you)厚10米左右的(de)(de)沙(sha)(sha)質土(tu)壤(rang),富(fu)含(han)(han)西(xi)(xi)瓜生(sheng)長所(suo)需的(de)(de)微(wei)量元素,土(tu)壤(rang)疏松,富(fu)含(han)(han)有(you)(you)(you)機質,透氣(qi)(qi)(qi)性(xing)好(hao)。適宜(yi)(yi)種植(zhi)區(qu)屬屬崗邊(bian)湖(hu)(hu)形,自然分(fen)割為(wei)平(ping)(ping)原湖(hu)(hu)區(qu)和丘(qiu)陵高(gao)阜兩種單元,境(jing)內最(zui)高(gao)海(hai)拔60m,最(zui)低海(hai)拔47.5m。種植(zhi)區(qu)遠離交通(tong)干線,無(wu)(wu)工礦(kuang)企業、醫院、垃圾(ji)處理場等污染源(yuan)(yuan)。人畜(chu)生(sheng)活(huo)垃圾(ji)全部(bu)進入沼氣(qi)(qi)(qi)池處理后排放。 (2)水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況:官(guan)莊(zhuang)湖(hu)(hu)境(jing)內水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)豐(feng)富(fu),除(chu)有(you)(you)(you)漢江、長壽河兩大(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)外,還有(you)(you)(you)商家湖(hu)(hu)、廟家湖(hu)(hu)、官(guan)汊湖(hu)(hu)、幸(xing)湖(hu)(hu)、林家湖(hu)(hu)等五湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫,提供充(chong)足灌(guan)溉(gai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan),同時,地(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan)豐(feng)富(fu),含(han)(han)有(you)(you)(you)豐(feng)富(fu)的(de)(de)礦(kuang)物(wu)質,沒有(you)(you)(you)工礦(kuang)企業污染源(yuan)(yuan),水(shui)(shui)(shui)質清澈、純凈,是理想(xiang)的(de)(de)官(guan)莊(zhuang)湖(hu)(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜生(sheng)產(chan)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)。 (3)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候情(qing)況:官(guan)莊(zhuang)湖(hu)(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜種植(zhi)區(qu)域內屬于北(bei)亞熱帶(dai)潮濕性(xing)大(da)陸季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候,屬典型的(de)(de)南北(bei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候過(guo)渡(du)帶(dai)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)熱條件較好(hao),光照(zhao)充(chong)足,氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和,雨(yu)量充(chong)沛(pei),四(si)季(ji)分(fen)明,具有(you)(you)(you)冬少嚴寒,夏無(wu)(wu)酷暑,終(zhong)年(nian)(nian)濕潤的(de)(de)特點。年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)15.9℃,最(zui)冷(leng)月(yue)為(wei)1月(yue),平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)3℃,最(zui)低氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)為(wei)-13.9℃,最(zui)熱月(yue)為(wei)7-8月(yue),平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)27.8℃,最(zui)高(gao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)39.7℃,全年(nian)(nian)無(wu)(wu)霜(shuang)(shuang)期233-250天,初霜(shuang)(shuang)日(ri)一般(ban)在11月(yue)11日(ri)-12月(yue)9日(ri),終(zhong)霜(shuang)(shuang)日(ri)2月(yue)16-18日(ri)。年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均降雨(yu)量1000mm左右,最(zui)高(gao)年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)量1555.6mm。年(nian)(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時數2100小時,全年(nian)(nian)太陽總輻射(she)量112千卡 /cm2。全年(nian)(nian)盛行南北(bei)風,其中(zhong)4-8月(yue)多為(wei)南風,年(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均風速為(wei)3m/s,具有(you)(you)(you)適宜(yi)(yi)官(guan)莊(zhuang)湖(hu)(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜生(sheng)長的(de)(de)良好(hao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候條件。
三.地域范圍
官(guan)(guan)莊湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜產(chan)于鐘祥市官(guan)(guan)莊湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)管理(li)區,位于湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)北(bei)(bei)(bei)省(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu),漢(han)(han)江(jiang)(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)游,江(jiang)(jiang)漢(han)(han)平(ping)原北(bei)(bei)(bei)端(duan),江(jiang)(jiang)漢(han)(han)平(ping)原與(yu)鄂北(bei)(bei)(bei)崗地(di)(di)(di)的過渡帶,鐘祥市境(jing)內。東(dong)(dong)傍方河(he),西(xi)(xi)臨漢(han)(han)江(jiang)(jiang),南瀕殷(yin)河(he),北(bei)(bei)(bei)倚丘崗。地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)屬崗邊湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)形(xing),自然分割為平(ping)原湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區和丘陵高阜兩種(zhong)單元(yuan)。版(ban)圖面積58.69平(ping)方公(gong)里。地(di)(di)(di)理(li)坐標為東(dong)(dong)經112°25′15″—112°37′17″,北(bei)(bei)(bei)緯31°15′22″—31°19′41″之間(jian)。整個地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)為四(si)周(zhou)高、中(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)及近丘陵低的碟形(xing)盆地(di)(di)(di),海拔(ba)高度47.5-60米。東(dong)(dong)南北(bei)(bei)(bei)三面與(yu)洋梓鎮相鄰(lin),西(xi)(xi)臨漢(han)(han)江(jiang)(jiang),與(yu)磷礦(kuang)鎮隔江(jiang)(jiang)相望。官(guan)(guan)莊湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜常年種(zhong)植面積30000畝,每年可(ke)生產(chan)優質官(guan)(guan)莊湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)西(xi)(xi)瓜10萬噸。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1) 外在感(gan)官(guan)特(te)征(zheng):官(guan)莊(zhuang)湖(hu)西(xi)瓜(gua)果(guo)實(shi)圓球型,果(guo)型指數約(yue)1.0;花(hua)皮(pi),綠底覆墨綠條帶,外形美(mei)觀;沙瓤(rang),味甜,口感(gan)好;瓜(gua)瓤(rang)紅色,瓤(rang)色均勻一(yi)致(zhi);單(dan)果(guo)重約(yue)3.5-5.5㎏;果(guo)皮(pi)厚(hou)度約(yue)1.0cm,可食(shi)率高。商品性(xing)好。 (2)內(nei)在品質(zhi)指標:官(guan)莊(zhuang)湖(hu)西(xi)瓜(gua)總糖≧8.0%,可溶性(xing)固形物≥9.5﹪,總酸含量(liang)≦0.35﹪,維生素(su)C≧40㎎。 (3)質(zhi)量(liang)安全規定:官(guan)莊(zhuang)湖(hu)西(xi)瓜(gua)執行(xing)《無公害食(shi)品西(xi)瓜(gua)NY5110-2002》標準。
五.特定生產方式
(1)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)擇(ze):官莊(zhuang)湖西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)擇(ze)光(guang)照(zhao)充(chong)足(zu),土(tu)(tu)(tu)層深(shen)厚、土(tu)(tu)(tu)質(zhi)(zhi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)沃(wo)、透氣(qi)(qi)(qi)性好(hao)、排灌便利、有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)含量(liang)(liang)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃棕壤為宜。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區(qu)域內(nei)無污(wu)染,生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)條件(jian)良好(hao)遠離工礦企(qi)業(ye),灌溉(gai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔,空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)新。 (2)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)擇(ze):官莊(zhuang)湖西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)經審定(ding)(ding)推廣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)育(yu)期(qi)(qi)適(shi)(shi)宜,抗逆性強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)、耐病(bing)(bing)(bing)性好(hao)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)高(gao)、品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)優的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)早(zao)(zao)佳84-24為主(zhu)(zhu)。 (3)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)管理(li)(li):官莊(zhuang)湖西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)過程(cheng)(cheng)嚴格按(an)照(zhao)已建立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)《官莊(zhuang)湖西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控制技術規(gui)范(fan))》操作,尤其(qi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)注重以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)環(huan)(huan)節(jie): A 基(ji)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)選(xuan)擇(ze) 選(xuan)擇(ze)無污(wu)染和生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)條件(jian)良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)光(guang)照(zhao)充(chong)足(zu)、排灌便利,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)層深(shen)厚、肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)沃(wo)、透氣(qi)(qi)(qi)性好(hao)、有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)含量(liang)(liang)高(gao);土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤pH值(zhi)5.6-7.5。遠離工礦企(qi)業(ye),灌溉(gai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔。 土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤環(huan)(huan)境、水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)及其(qi)它達到 NY5110-2002無公(gong)害(hai)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 B 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)技術 ①適(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),培(pei)(pei)(pei)育(yu)壯苗(miao)(miao) 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)(jian):生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)上以(yi)(yi)(yi)推廣嫁(jia)接(jie)苗(miao)(miao)為主(zhu)(zhu)。砧木(mu)(葫(hu)(hu)蘆(lu))提前(qian)半月(yue)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)塑(su)料(liao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(早(zao)(zao)熟(shu))栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)12月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)播(bo)(bo),小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)元月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)播(bo)(bo);接(jie)穗大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)元月(yue)上旬(xun)播(bo)(bo),小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)2月(yue)上旬(xun)播(bo)(bo)。 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)處(chu)理(li)(li):葫(hu)(hu)蘆(lu)、西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)均(jun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)55℃熱水(shui)(shui)燙種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)10-15分(fen)(fen)鐘(zhong),讓其(qi)自然冷卻(que)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)浸泡(pao)12小(xiao)時(shi)(shi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)紗網(wang)包(bao)裹反復搓洗(xi)(xi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)催芽。葫(hu)(hu)蘆(lu)、西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)均(jun)放在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)30-32℃、無籽西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)32-33℃催芽箱(xiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)催芽,每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)6-8小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci),催芽至(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)露白(bai)(bai)止。 建苗(miao)(miao)床:在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)跨度(du)(du)(du)(du)為5-6米大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)建苗(miao)(miao)床,長(chang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)不限,整(zheng)平畦(qi)(qi)面(mian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)鋪地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),將(jiang)育(yu)苗(miao)(miao)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)噴水(shui)(shui)適(shi)(shi)量(liang)(liang)填充(chong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)穴(xue)(xue)盤(pan)內(nei),均(jun)勻擺放地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)上。 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong):用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手指或(huo)器具在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)個(ge)盤(pan)孔中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)按(an)壓成(cheng)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)穴(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)播(bo)(bo)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)粒有(you)芽種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),均(jun)勻覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)層基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)不見種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)為度(du)(du)(du)(du),并用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)噴壺或(huo)噴霧器適(shi)(shi)量(liang)(liang)噴水(shui)(shui)。 覆(fu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)濕(shi):播(bo)(bo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)畦(qi)(qi)面(mian)覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)層地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)濕(shi),加蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),出(chu)(chu)苗(miao)(miao)前(qian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持(chi)(chi)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)30℃左右,陰(yin)(yin)天(tian)(tian)(tian)和夜(ye)晚(wan)小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)采取電輔加熱,如電加溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)熱、燈泡(pao)增溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。 嫁(jia)接(jie):葫(hu)(hu)蘆(lu)苗(miao)(miao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)葉(xie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)心(xin)、西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)子(zi)葉(xie)期(qi)(qi)嫁(jia)接(jie),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)刀片(pian)剔(ti)除葫(hu)(hu)蘆(lu)苗(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)點(dian),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)竹(zhu)簽(qian)成(cheng)30度(du)(du)(du)(du)角斜(xie)插(cha),深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)以(yi)(yi)(yi)剛(gang)穿過表皮為宜,西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)子(zi)葉(xie)下(xia)(xia)1-1.5㎝處(chu)斜(xie)切(qie)成(cheng)30度(du)(du)(du)(du),拔出(chu)(chu)竹(zhu)簽(qian)迅(xun)速插(cha)入(ru)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)苗(miao)(miao)。 苗(miao)(miao)床管理(li)(li):嫁(jia)接(jie)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)迅(xun)速在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)苗(miao)(miao)床上平蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)層地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)濕(shi),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持(chi)(chi)床溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)20-25℃,約(yue)3-4天(tian)(tian)(tian)傷口(kou)愈(yu)合(he)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)揭(jie)除地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。晴(qing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持(chi)(chi)25℃左右,陰(yin)(yin)天(tian)(tian)(tian)和夜(ye)晚(wan)電輔加熱,小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)上加蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)草(cao)簾(lian)(lian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)凍。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)毛竹(zhu)搭(da)(da)(da)(da)建中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng),覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)農膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)凍。 ②、搭(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)整(zheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di) 建棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng):搭(da)(da)(da)(da)建跨度(du)(du)(du)(du)5-6m的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)泥骨架(jia)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng),頂高(gao)2.1-2.2m,長(chang)度(du)(du)(du)(du)不限,以(yi)(yi)(yi)60-80m為宜。 整(zheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di):提前(qian)1-2個(ge)月(yue)翻耕熟(shu)化土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)爬式(shi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)5-6m寬(kuan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)整(zheng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)兩(liang)廂,分(fen)(fen)別覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)2-2.5m地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo);小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)2.5m包(bao)溝開(kai)廂作畦(qi)(qi),覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)2-2.5m地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。覆(fu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)前(qian)預(yu)放置灌溉(gai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塑(su)料(liao)軟管,每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)廂1根(gen)(gen),放置距定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)穴(xue)(xue)20-30㎝處(chu)。搭(da)(da)(da)(da)架(jia)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)按(an)1.2m包(bao)溝開(kai)廂作畦(qi)(qi),覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)1m地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),畦(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)預(yu)放置灌溉(gai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)塑(su)料(liao)軟管1根(gen)(gen)。 施(shi)(shi)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei):定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)10-15天(tian)(tian)(tian)施(shi)(shi)入(ru)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡施(shi)(shi)腐熟(shu)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)2000-3000㎏、硫酸(suan)鉀復合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)65㎏、硼肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)0.5㎏。有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)撒施(shi)(shi),復合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)、硼肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)帶狀施(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)于栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)畦(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間(jian)(jian)。 覆(fu)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo):大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)以(yi)(yi)(yi)裙膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)覆(fu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)0.06-0.08㎜厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無滴膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),6m跨度(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)頂膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)幅寬(kuan)6.6m,5m跨度(du)(du)(du)(du)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)頂膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)寬(kuan)5.7m,裙膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)寬(kuan)均(jun)為1m,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壓膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)線固定(ding)(ding)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。提前(qian)7-10天(tian)(tian)(tian)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),提高(gao)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。 ③、定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi) 大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)2月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun),小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)3月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun),搶晴(qing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)。每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)廂居中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)(xing),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)1300-1500株(zhu),露地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)覆(fu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)打孔每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)600-700株(zhu)。定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及時(shi)(shi)澆足(zu)定(ding)(ding)根(gen)(gen)水(shui)(shui),插(cha)竹(zhu)片(pian)搭(da)(da)(da)(da)建小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng),覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)2-2.5m農膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)寒。 ④、田(tian)(tian)間(jian)(jian)管理(li)(li) 控溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen):大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)上覆(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)草(cao)簾(lian)(lian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),草(cao)簾(lian)(lian)早(zao)(zao)揭(jie)晚(wan)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)。根(gen)(gen)據(ju)天(tian)(tian)(tian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)變(bian)化,大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)調(diao)節(jie)裙膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)與頂膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)之間(jian)(jian)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)小(xiao),小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)通(tong)(tong)過調(diao)節(jie)兩(liang)頭農膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)及側面(mian)開(kai)通(tong)(tong)風(feng)口(kou)控制棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du),晴(qing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)28-35℃,陰(yin)(yin)天(tian)(tian)(tian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)為主(zhu)(zhu),夜(ye)晚(wan)10-15℃。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)4月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun)拆(chai)除小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng),6月(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)旬(xun)拆(chai)除裙膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)留(liu)(liu)(liu)頂膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雨;小(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)4月(yue)下(xia)(xia)旬(xun),平均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)穩定(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)20℃左右,棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)影響瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)蔓(man)(man)(man)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)時(shi)(shi),揭(jie)除蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。 灌水(shui)(shui):根(gen)(gen)據(ju)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤墑(di)情適(shi)(shi)時(shi)(shi)補水(shui)(shui),晴(qing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)澆水(shui)(shui)為宜。 追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei):定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)活后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)澆水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時(shi)(shi)沖施(shi)(shi)硫酸(suan)鉀1-2次(ci),每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)次(ci)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)2㎏;蔓(man)(man)(man)長(chang)40㎝左右每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡沖施(shi)(shi)硫酸(suan)鉀4㎏;瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)座穩后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡沖施(shi)(shi)硫酸(suan)鉀8㎏;第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)采收(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡沖施(shi)(shi)硫酸(suan)鉀復合(he)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)20㎏促進(jin)植(zhi)(zhi)株(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang),再(zai)收(shou)(shou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)。 整(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)壓蔓(man)(man)(man):地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)爬式(shi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)雙蔓(man)(man)(man)整(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi),主(zhu)(zhu)蔓(man)(man)(man)長(chang)約(yue)30-40㎝時(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)留(liu)(liu)(liu)主(zhu)(zhu)蔓(man)(man)(man)和一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條健壯子(zi)蔓(man)(man)(man),多(duo)余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)子(zi)蔓(man)(man)(man)及時(shi)(shi)去(qu)(qu)掉(diao),整(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi)宜選(xuan)晴(qing)天(tian)(tian)(tian)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)。兩(liang)條蔓(man)(man)(man)與定(ding)(ding)植(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)角度(du)(du)(du)(du)引向(xiang)(xiang)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)畦(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)邊(bian),使之在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)畦(qi)(qi)面(mian)分(fen)(fen)布均(jun)勻,主(zhu)(zhu)蔓(man)(man)(man)和子(zi)蔓(man)(man)(man)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)側蔓(man)(man)(man)及時(shi)(shi)去(qu)(qu)掉(diao);蔓(man)(man)(man)長(chang)60-70㎝時(shi)(shi),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)50㎝左右壓蔓(man)(man)(man),以(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)隔(ge)40-50㎝壓一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci),座瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)節(jie)位前(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)隔(ge)1-2節(jie)壓蔓(man)(man)(man)。 吊蔓(man)(man)(man):大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)搭(da)(da)(da)(da)架(jia)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)單蔓(man)(man)(man)整(zheng)枝(zhi)(zhi),蔓(man)(man)(man)長(chang)約(yue)30-40㎝時(shi)(shi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)塑(su)料(liao)繩吊蔓(man)(man)(man),人工將(jiang)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)蔓(man)(man)(man)沿塑(su)料(liao)繩向(xiang)(xiang)上纏(chan)繞。 人工授(shou)(shou)粉(fen):留(liu)(liu)(liu)第二(er)或(huo)第三雌花(hua)(hua)座瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua),于早(zao)(zao)晨7-9時(shi)(shi)采摘當天(tian)(tian)(tian)開(kai)放的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雄花(hua)(hua),人工授(shou)(shou)粉(fen),促進(jin)座瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua),標(biao)(biao)簽(qian)注明(ming)授(shou)(shou)粉(fen)日(ri)(ri)期(qi)(qi)。 吊瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua):大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)搭(da)(da)(da)(da)架(jia)式(shi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei),幼瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)已坐穩,果(guo)實(shi)約(yue)0.5㎏,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)塑(su)料(liao)網(wang)袋(dai)吊瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)。 ⑤、病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 實(shi)行(xing)(xing)預(yu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)為主(zhu)(zhu),綜合(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)(fang)法。 主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)害(hai):蚜(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)、白(bai)(bai)粉(fen)虱(shi); 主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai):早(zao)(zao)期(qi)(qi)疫(yi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)、炭(tan)疽病(bing)(bing)(bing),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)白(bai)(bai)粉(fen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)、蔓(man)(man)(man)枯病(bing)(bing)(bing)。 具體防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi): 農業(ye)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi):一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)旱輪(lun)作,減少(shao)病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng);嫁(jia)接(jie)換(huan)根(gen)(gen),防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)傳病(bing)(bing)(bing)害(hai);二(er)是(shi)加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)田(tian)(tian)間(jian)(jian)管理(li)(li),促進(jin)植(zhi)(zhi)株(zhu)健壯生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang),增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)抗病(bing)(bing)(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)能力(li)。 物理(li)(li)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi):露地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)10005-13740㎡(15-20畝)安裝一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)盞(zhan)頻振式(shi)殺蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)燈、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)內(nei)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)667㎡掛40×25㎝的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黃板40塊(kuai)誘殺蚜(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)、粉(fen)虱(shi)。 藥劑防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi):蚜(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)10﹪吡蟲(chong)(chong)(chong)啉(lin)1000倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)噴霧防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),白(bai)(bai)粉(fen)虱(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)10﹪撲虱(shi)靈乳(ru)油1000倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。 疫(yi)病(bing)(bing)(bing)發病(bing)(bing)(bing)初(chu)期(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)72﹪杜邦克露700倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)噴霧,5-7天(tian)(tian)(tian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci),連(lian)(lian)續(xu)(xu)2-3次(ci);炭(tan)疽病(bing)(bing)(bing)、白(bai)(bai)粉(fen)病(bing)(bing)(bing)發病(bing)(bing)(bing)初(chu)期(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)1:1:200波爾多(duo)液(ye)(ye)噴霧,5-7天(tian)(tian)(tian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci),連(lian)(lian)續(xu)(xu)2-3次(ci);蔓(man)(man)(man)枯病(bing)(bing)(bing)發病(bing)(bing)(bing)初(chu)期(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)75﹪百菌清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)600倍(bei)液(ye)(ye)噴霧,5-7天(tian)(tian)(tian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci),連(lian)(lian)續(xu)(xu)2-3次(ci)。 (4)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)收(shou)(shou)獲及產(chan)(chan)(chan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)處(chu)理(li)(li)。 ①、采收(shou)(shou)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi) 第一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)批(pi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)開(kai)花(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)約(yue)30天(tian)(tian)(tian)左右,第二(er)批(pi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)開(kai)花(hua)(hua)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)約(yue)26天(tian)(tian)(tian)左右,且果(guo)面(mian)條紋明(ming)顯,卷須枯萎(wei),果(guo)柄茸毛脫落,即(ji)可采收(shou)(shou)上市。采收(shou)(shou)前(qian)20天(tian)(tian)(tian)停止使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)任何農藥;采收(shou)(shou)時(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)果(guo)兩(liang)剪,保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)留(liu)(liu)(liu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)段莖蔓(man)(man)(man)。 ②、采后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)處(chu)理(li)(li) 官莊(zhuang)湖西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)采收(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)輕(qing)拿輕(qing)放,防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)日(ri)(ri)曬、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雨淋。并按(an)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)、著色程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)(du)(du)(du)等進(jin)行(xing)(xing)嚴格分(fen)(fen)級,裝入(ru)果(guo)箱(xiang),存(cun)(cun)放專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)倉庫內(nei),并確保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)陰(yin)(yin)涼通(tong)(tong)風(feng),保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持(chi)(chi)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)流通(tong)(tong)。 分(fen)(fen)級包(bao)裝、保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)鮮運(yun)輸:包(bao)裝材(cai)料(liao)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔衛生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),無毒、無異味,注明(ming)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、商標(biao)(biao)及已獲得農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)認證的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)外銷。 (5)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)記(ji)錄要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu) 官莊(zhuang)湖西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng),要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)建立生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、投入(ru)品(pin)(pin)(pin)記(ji)錄檔案,專人負責,全(quan)面(mian)記(ji)載(zai)每(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)環(huan)(huan)節(jie)技術措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)并妥善保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)存(cun)(cun),以(yi)(yi)(yi)備查閱(yue)。
六.包裝標識相關規定
官(guan)莊湖(hu)西瓜地域范圍內的(de)(de)(de)地理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)生(sheng)產(chan)經營者(zhe),在產(chan)品(pin)(pin)或(huo)包裝上使用已獲登記保護的(de)(de)(de)官(guan)莊湖(hu)西瓜農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志,須向登記證書持有人:鐘祥市官(guan)莊湖(hu)管理(li)區提(ti)出申請(qing),并(bing)按(an)照相關要求規范生(sheng)產(chan)和(he)使用標(biao)(biao)(biao)志,統一采用產(chan)品(pin)(pin)名稱和(he)農產(chan)品(pin)(pin)地理(li)標(biao)(biao)(biao)志公(gong)共標(biao)(biao)(biao)識相結合的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)(biao)注方法。