一.產品介紹
青梅(學名:Vatica mangachapoi Blanco)是龍腦香科,青梅屬喬木,樹高(gao)約20米。小(xiao)枝被星(xing)(xing)狀絨(rong)毛(mao)。葉(xie)片(pian)(pian)革質,長(chang)圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)至長(chang)圓狀披針形(xing)(xing)(xing),先(xian)端漸尖或(huo)短(duan)尖,基(ji)部(bu)圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)楔(xie)形(xing)(xing)(xing),兩(liang)面(mian)均突起(qi),網脈明(ming)顯,葉(xie)柄密被灰黃(huang)色短(duan)絨(rong)毛(mao)。圓錐花(hua)(hua)序頂生或(huo)腋(ye)生,花(hua)(hua)萼裂片(pian)(pian)鑷合(he)狀排列,卵狀披針形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)長(chang)圓形(xing)(xing)(xing),兩(liang)面(mian)密被星(xing)(xing)狀毛(mao)或(huo)鱗片(pian)(pian)狀毛(mao);花(hua)(hua)瓣白色,有時(shi)為(wei)淡黃(huang)色或(huo)淡紅色,芳香,長(chang)圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)線狀匙形(xing)(xing)(xing),花(hua)(hua)絲(si)短(duan),花(hua)(hua)藥長(chang)圓形(xing)(xing)(xing),子房球形(xing)(xing)(xing),密被短(duan)絨(rong)毛(mao),果(guo)實球形(xing)(xing)(xing);5-6月(yue)花(hua)(hua)期,8-9月(yue)果(guo)期。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
(1)土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)貌情況(kuang):環江青(qing)梅種植區(qu)域主(zhu)要為丘陵(ling)地(di)區(qu),土(tu)(tu)壤由砂(sha)頁巖和(he)花(hua)崗石風化發育形成的(de)山(shan)地(di)紅壤,多為沙質土(tu)(tu),土(tu)(tu)壤深(shen)厚、疏松、肥(fei)沃,PH值4.5-6.5,有機質含量(liang)(liang)高。 (2)水文情況(kuang):環江縣(xian)(xian)水資(zi)源豐富,水質好。境(jing)內(nei)(nei)(nei)河(he)流(liu)(liu)有大環江河(he),境(jing)內(nei)(nei)(nei)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)147.2公(gong)里,流(liu)(liu)域面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2850平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里;小環江河(he)縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)內(nei)(nei)(nei)長94.1公(gong)里,流(liu)(liu)域面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2328平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公(gong)里;中(zhong)洲河(he)縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)內(nei)(nei)(nei)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)17.1公(gong)里;打狗河(he)位于(yu)縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)內(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)西部(bu)(bu),并以此與南丹縣(xian)(xian)分界,長26公(gong)里。 (3)氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)情況(kuang):環江毛南族自治縣(xian)(xian)屬亞熱帶季風氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)區(qu),氣(qi)(qi)候(hou)溫(wen)和(he),雨(yu)水充沛、日照(zhao)充足、冬(dong)無(wu)嚴寒、夏無(wu)酷暑、雨(yu)熱同(tong)季、無(wu)霜(shuang)期(qi)長。年(nian)(nian)(nian)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)南邱(qiu)陵(ling)一(yi)帶為19.9°C,北(bei)部(bu)(bu)山(shan)區(qu)為了15.7°C;一(yi)月平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)10.1°C,七月平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)是28°C;歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)最低氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)為—5.2°C,無(wu)霜(shuang)期(qi)290,年(nian)(nian)(nian)均日照(zhao)時數145.1小時;全年(nian)(nian)(nian)太陽輻射量(liang)(liang)為98.89千(qian)卡/平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)厘(li)米。年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)為1750毫(hao)(hao)米,南部(bu)(bu)為1389.1毫(hao)(hao)米,集中(zhong)于(yu)4—9月份,占全年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)的(de)70%,歷年(nian)(nian)(nian)最小降(jiang)(jiang)雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)922.8毫(hao)(hao)米,蒸發量(liang)(liang)1571.1毫(hao)(hao)米,空氣(qi)(qi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)均相對濕度79%。
三.地域范圍
環江青梅農產品地(di)理標(biao)志地(di)域保護范圍(wei)包括大(da)才鄉(xiang)(xiang)、思恩鎮(zhen)(zhen)、水(shui)源鎮(zhen)(zhen)、洛(luo)陽(yang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、川山鎮(zhen)(zhen)、下南鄉(xiang)(xiang)、馴樂鄉(xiang)(xiang)、明倫鎮(zhen)(zhen)、東(dong)興鎮(zhen)(zhen)、龍巖鄉(xiang)(xiang)、大(da)安(an)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、長(chang)美鄉(xiang)(xiang)等12個鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)及(ji)其管轄149個的行政(zheng)村。保護范圍(wei)位(wei)于(yu)東(dong)經107°95′至(zhi)108°68′,北(bei)緯(wei)24°73′至(zhi)25°44′。保護面積10000公(gong)頃,產量30萬噸(dun)。
四.產品品質特性特征
(1)外在感觀特征:環(huan)江(jiang)(jiang)青(qing)梅主要(yao)(yao)有本地(di)(di)種(zhong)和大(da)(da)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)梅。 本地(di)(di)種(zhong):果(guo)(guo)(guo)小,圓(yuan)形至扁圓(yuan)形。果(guo)(guo)(guo)皮青(qing)綠(lv)色(se),成熟(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)皮青(qing)黃(huang)色(se)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)腹(fu)部(bu)有縫合線(xian)(xian),不明顯(xian)(xian)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)頂(ding)微(wei)(wei)(wei)凸,果(guo)(guo)(guo)肩平,果(guo)(guo)(guo)基(ji)部(bu)微(wei)(wei)(wei)凹。果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)淡黃(huang)色(se)至黃(huang)色(se),果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)厚中等。核(he)小,淺(qian)褐色(se)。肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)質(zhi)細(xi),有香(xiang)(xiang)味(wei)。味(wei)酸(suan),微(wei)(wei)(wei)苦澀。 大(da)(da)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)梅:果(guo)(guo)(guo)大(da)(da),扁橢(tuo)圓(yuan)形。果(guo)(guo)(guo)皮青(qing)綠(lv)色(se),成熟(shu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)皮青(qing)黃(huang)色(se)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)腹(fu)部(bu)有縫合線(xian)(xian),較明顯(xian)(xian)。果(guo)(guo)(guo)頂(ding)微(wei)(wei)(wei)凹,果(guo)(guo)(guo)肩沿縫合線(xian)(xian)處稍低,果(guo)(guo)(guo)基(ji)部(bu)微(wei)(wei)(wei)凹。果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)淡黃(huang)色(se)至黃(huang)色(se),果(guo)(guo)(guo)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)厚,核(he)中大(da)(da),淺(qian)褐色(se)。肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)質(zhi)細(xi),微(wei)(wei)(wei)香(xiang)(xiang)。味(wei)酸(suan),微(wei)(wei)(wei)苦澀。 (2)內在品(pin)質(zhi):本地(di)(di)品(pin)種(zhong):總(zong)酸(suan)(以(yi)(yi)檸檬酸(suan)計(ji)):4.50g -5.30g/100g,總(zong)糖(tang)(以(yi)(yi)葡萄糖(tang)計(ji)):0.70g -1.2g/100g,維生素(su)C:8.0mg -12.50mg/100g,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性(xing):14500U-18000 U /100g. 大(da)(da)肉(rou)(rou)(rou)(rou)梅:總(zong)酸(suan)(以(yi)(yi)檸檬酸(suan)計(ji)):4.50g -5.25g/100g,總(zong)糖(tang)(以(yi)(yi)葡萄糖(tang)計(ji)):0.50g-0.90/100g,維生素(su)C:3.5mg-12mg/100g,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性(xing):14000U/-18000 U 100g. (3)安全要(yao)(yao)求(qiu):產品(pin)符合環(huan)江(jiang)(jiang)縣地(di)(di)方標準《環(huan)江(jiang)(jiang)青(qing)梅無(wu)公害生產技術規程(cheng)》要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。
五.特定生產方式
(1)產(chan)(chan)地(di)選(xuan)擇:選(xuan)擇生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)境優越,土壤肥(fei)沃,有機(ji)質豐富(fu),排灌良好(hao),保證青梅(mei)(mei)有充足的(de)養(yang)分維持正常生(sheng)長,保水(shui)和透氣良好(hao)的(de)土壤,PH值5.6—7.6。周邊無(wu)“三廢”污染排放。 (2)品種(zhong)選(xuan)擇:選(xuan)用本地(di)優良品種(zhong)環(huan)(huan)江(jiang)青梅(mei)(mei)。 (3)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程管理(li):環(huan)(huan)江(jiang)縣(xian)地(di)方標(biao)準《環(huan)(huan)江(jiang)青梅(mei)(mei)無(wu)公害(hai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)技(ji)術規程》,農(nong)藥使(shi)(shi)用必須(xu)符(fu)合GB 4285—1989《農(nong)藥安全使(shi)(shi)用標(biao)準》。生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)中以有機(ji)肥(fei)為主,管理(li)粗放,基本不打農(nong)藥,果園保持衛生(sheng),確保環(huan)(huan)江(jiang)青梅(mei)(mei)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)安全。 (4)產(chan)(chan)品收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)及產(chan)(chan)后(hou)處理(li):進行(xing)分期分批采(cai)收(shou),采(cai)收(shou)過程中避(bi)免機(ji)械損傷(shang)、暴曬。采(cai)收(shou)選(xuan)擇晴(qing)天或(huo)陰天進行(xing)。采(cai)收(shou)后(hou)24小時內(nei)進行(xing)包裝和貯運。 (5)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)記錄要(yao)求:認真(zhen)記錄生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)情況(kuang)(kuang),包括技(ji)術措施、病(bing)蟲害(hai)發生(sheng)情況(kuang)(kuang)、農(nong)藥化肥(fei)的(de)使(shi)(shi)用情況(kuang)(kuang)、產(chan)(chan)品收(shou)獲(huo)(huo)情況(kuang)(kuang)等進行(xing)認真(zhen)記錄,并妥善保存(cun)。
六.包裝標識相關規定
(1)符(fu)合下(xia)列條件的單位和個人(ren),可以(yi)向(xiang)登記(ji)證書(shu)持有(you)人(ren)申請使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)志(zhi): ①生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營的農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)自登記(ji)確(que)定的地(di)(di)域范(fan)圍(wei); ②已(yi)取得(de)登記(ji)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)相(xiang)關(guan)的生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營資質; ③能(neng)夠嚴格按照規定的質量技術規范(fan)組織開展(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營活動; ④具有(you)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)市場(chang)開發經(jing)營能(neng)力(li)。 (2)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi),應當按照生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)經(jing)營年度與登記(ji)證書(shu)持有(you)人(ren)簽(qian)訂農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)協議,在協議中載明使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的數(shu)量、范(fan)圍(wei)及相(xiang)關(guan)的責任義務。 (3)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)登記(ji)證書(shu)持有(you)人(ren)不得(de)向(xiang)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)收取使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)費。 (4)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)享有(you)以(yi)下(xia)權利(li): ①可以(yi)在產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)及其包裝上使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi); ②可以(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)登記(ji)的農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)進行(xing)(xing)宣傳和參加展(zhan)(zhan)覽、展(zhan)(zhan)示及展(zhan)(zhan)銷。 (5)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)應當履行(xing)(xing)以(yi)下(xia)義務: ①自覺接受登記(ji)證書(shu)持有(you)人(ren)的監督檢查; ②保證地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)的品(pin)質和信譽(yu); ③正確(que)規范(fan)地(di)(di)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)地(di)(di)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)。