荊(jing)門油(you)菜(cai)選用以“華油(you)雜”系列(lie)、“中油(you)雜”系列(lie)雙低油(you)菜(cai)品種作為主推品種。其植株(zhu)的株(zhu)高在1.8-2.2米,薹(tai)粗約(yue)1-1.5厘米,株(zhu)平有(you)效角果(guo)數(shu)156個左右,平均(jun)角粒數(shu)17粒左右,色澤翠綠,莖干和葉(xie)片有(you)蠟粉,菜(cai)薹(tai)味(wei)甜,無傳統油(you)菜(cai)薹(tai)的苦澀味(wei)。
地(di)域(yu)范圍包括荊門(men)市所轄東(dong)(dong)寶區(qu)(qu)、高(gao)新區(qu)(qu)﹒掇刀區(qu)(qu)、沙洋縣(xian)、鐘祥市 、京山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)、屈家嶺(ling)管理區(qu)(qu)、漳河新區(qu)(qu)等(deng)行政(zheng)區(qu)(qu)域(yu)的53個鄉鎮(zhen)、街道辦事處。跨東(dong)(dong)徑111°51'-113°29',北(bei)緯30°32'-31°36',國土(tu)面積(ji)1.24萬平方公里,耕(geng)地(di)面積(ji)406.23萬畝。荊門(men)東(dong)(dong)接大洪(hong)山(shan)(shan)之毓秀(xiu),北(bei)枕荊山(shan)(shan)之靈脈,南擁江漢平原(yuan)之富庶,山(shan)(shan)川(chuan)秀(xiu)美,人杰地(di)靈,物產豐富,境內北(bei)部層巒疊(die)翠,中(zhong)部崗嶺(ling)起(qi)伏(fu),南部沃野(ye)舒展,山(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)、丘陵、平原(yuan)、湖區(qu)(qu)地(di)形兼(jian)具、優(you)勢兼(jian)得。
本(ben)規范所(suo)(suo)稱(cheng)荊門油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)產品(pin)(pin)包(bao)括菜(cai)(cai)薹、油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)及(ji)以油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)為原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)所(suo)(suo)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)和餅粕(po)(po)。 (一)外在感(gan)官(guan)特征 1、荊門油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)選用以“華(hua)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)雜(za)”系列、“中油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)雜(za)”系列雙低油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)品(pin)(pin)種作(zuo)為主推品(pin)(pin)種。其(qi)植株的(de)(de)株高在1.8-2.2米,薹粗約1-1.5厘米,株平有(you)效角果數156個左(zuo)右(you),平均(jun)角粒(li)數17粒(li)左(zuo)右(you),色(se)(se)(se)(se)澤(ze)翠綠,莖干和葉片有(you)蠟粉,菜(cai)(cai)薹味甜,無傳統油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)薹的(de)(de)苦澀味。 2、荊門油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)商(shang)品(pin)(pin)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)呈黑色(se)(se)(se)(se)或褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se),色(se)(se)(se)(se)澤(ze)鮮(xian)亮(liang)(liang),皮薄,籽(zi)粒(li)飽滿(man)圓潤,大小(xiao)均(jun)勻(yun)整(zheng)齊,千粒(li)重3.6-4.2克。 3、以荊門油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)為原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)經傳統壓榨(zha)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)毛油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)呈深褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se),有(you)濃郁的(de)(de)菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)香(xiang)味。經精加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后的(de)(de)菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you),呈淺(qian)黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se),油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)色(se)(se)(se)(se)清亮(liang)(liang)。 4、荊門油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)籽(zi)餅粕(po)(po)呈黃(huang)色(se)(se)(se)(se)、淺(qian)褐(he)色(se)(se)(se)(se)碎片或粗粉狀,具菜(cai)(cai)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)香(xiang)味,無發酵(jiao)、霉變(bian)及(ji)異味。 (二)內在品(pin)(pin)質指(zhi)標 1、荊門菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中芥酸≤3%,餅粕(po)(po)中硫甙(餅)≤35 umol/g; 2、荊門油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)中的(de)(de)高油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)酸油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)經7D綠色(se)(se)(se)(se)高效加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)關鍵技術(shu)壓榨(zha)的(de)(de)菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)中油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)酸含量(liang)≥70%,芥酸≤3%,其(qi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)副(fu)產品(pin)(pin)餅粕(po)(po)硫甙≤35umol/g、粗蛋白≥25%。
(一(yi))土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地(di)(di)(di)貌情(qing)況。荊(jing)(jing)門地(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)東(dong)、西、北(bei)(bei)三(san)面高,中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)低(di),呈向(xiang)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)敞開(kai)形,形成(cheng)低(di)山(shan)(shan)坳(ao)谷、丘(qiu)崗沖溝(gou)和(he)(he)平(ping)原(yuan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)兼(jian)具地(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)。東(dong)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)(zhong)祥(xiang)、京(jing)山(shan)(shan)大(da)(da)(da)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)地(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)(di)處大(da)(da)(da)洪山(shan)(shan)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)麓,地(di)(di)(di)質特征為褶皺斷塊(kuai)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di),主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)(you)古(gu)生界(jie)(jie)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生界(jie)(jie)碳酸鹽巖(yan)、碎(sui)屑巖(yan)以(yi)及元古(gu)界(jie)(jie)變(bian)質巖(yan)構(gou)成(cheng),形成(cheng)低(di)山(shan)(shan)或(huo)丘(qiu)陵。最(zui)高點(dian)為鐘(zhong)(zhong)祥(xiang)市客店鎮的(de)(de)(de)齋公(gong)(gong)巖(yan),海(hai)拔1050米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);西北(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)東(dong)寶區(qu)(qu)地(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)由(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)巴山(shan)(shan)東(dong)延至保康、南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)漳(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)荊(jing)(jing)山(shan)(shan),海(hai)拔降(jiang)至1000米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)以(yi)下(xia),山(shan)(shan)文線由(you)(you)東(dong)西轉為北(bei)(bei)西至東(dong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan),蜿延形成(cheng)荊(jing)(jing)山(shan)(shan)余脈。主(zhu)要(yao)由(you)(you)二疊三(san)疊紀石灰(hui)巖(yan)組(zu)成(cheng),形成(cheng)坳(ao)谷、沖溝(gou)分(fen)割(ge)起伏和(he)(he)緩(huan)的(de)(de)(de)低(di)山(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)陵或(huo)崗地(di)(di)(di)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)部(bu)(bu)漢(han)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)兩岸的(de)(de)(de)鐘(zhong)(zhong)祥(xiang)市、京(jing)山(shan)(shan)縣部(bu)(bu)分(fen)和(he)(he)沙洋(yang)縣大(da)(da)(da)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)地(di)(di)(di)域(yu)(yu)(yu),主(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)布(bu)于新生代沉降(jiang)盆地(di)(di)(di)之中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),由(you)(you)于江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)河(he)(he)沖積(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)淤積(ji)(ji),形成(cheng)平(ping)原(yuan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)(qu)。最(zui)低(di)點(dian)為沙洋(yang)縣境(jing)內的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)底和(he)(he)京(jing)山(shan)(shan)縣永隆鎮潘家灣河(he)(he)床(chuang),海(hai)拔27米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)(yu)內地(di)(di)(di)勢(shi)平(ping)坦,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)肥(fei)沃,湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)密布(bu),河(he)(he)網交織,堤(di)垸縱(zong)橫(heng),是(shi)全(quan)市糧(liang)油(you)集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)產區(qu)(qu)。 (二)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況。全(quan)境(jing)大(da)(da)(da)小河(he)(he)流900余條(tiao),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)(yu)(yu)面積(ji)(ji)18.49萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)總量為40.12億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)能(neng)資源(yuan)可開(kai)發量達28萬(wan)(wan)千瓦。境(jing)內河(he)(he)流、湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)縱(zong)橫(heng)交錯,泉眼(yan)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫星(xing)羅棋布(bu),地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)十分(fen)豐富,形成(cheng)以(yi)漢(han)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)游、漳(zhang)河(he)(he)、長(chang)(chang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)府環河(he)(he)為主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)四大(da)(da)(da)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi),連(lian)接著58座湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)556座大(da)(da)(da)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫、71處河(he)(he)壩和(he)(he)12.95萬(wan)(wan)口(kou)堰塘,全(quan)市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)域(yu)(yu)(yu)面積(ji)(ji)18.52萬(wan)(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。據測算分(fen)析,轄(xia)區(qu)(qu)內多年平(ping)均(jun)地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)量為43.67億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)量為15.4億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),除(chu)去(qu)重復計算量12.94億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),全(quan)市地(di)(di)(di)表(biao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、地(di)(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)總量為46.13億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。過境(jing)河(he)(he)流主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)漢(han)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、漳(zhang)河(he)(he)和(he)(he)富水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he);入(ru)境(jing)河(he)(he)流主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)蠻河(he)(he)、長(chang)(chang)壽河(he)(he);出境(jing)河(he)(he)流主(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)京(jing)山(shan)(shan)河(he)(he)、天(tian)門河(he)(he)、西荊(jing)(jing)河(he)(he)。漢(han)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)皇(huang)莊站多年平(ping)均(jun)過水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流量1710秒立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),過境(jing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量504億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);漳(zhang)河(he)(he)多年平(ping)均(jun)徑流量為8.91億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。境(jing)內百畝水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面以(yi)上湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)58座,正常蓄(xu)(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位容積(ji)(ji)5.5億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),千畝以(yi)上水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面的(de)(de)(de)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)19座,正常蓄(xu)(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位容積(ji)(ji)5.33億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。較(jiao)大(da)(da)(da)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)泊(bo)(bo)為長(chang)(chang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),正常水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面11.34千公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),鏡月湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、借糧(liang)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、彭冢南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、林湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、賀呂湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、蝦子(zi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、黃蕩湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)次之。蓄(xu)(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工程有(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫7座(外管(guan)3座)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫29座(外管(guan)4座)、小(Ⅰ)型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫157座(外管(guan)2座)、小(Ⅱ)型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫363座,另有(you)(you)2座在建(jian)未驗收投(tou)運,總庫容49.97億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),興利(li)庫容26.43億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(不含(han)外管(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫);12.95萬(wan)(wan)口(kou)塘堰總容積(ji)(ji)2.5億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。引水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工程主(zhu)要(yao)分(fen)布(bu)在漢(han)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)沿(yan)線,有(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)小引水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)閘16處,引水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流量210.7秒立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);71處河(he)(he)壩可蓄(xu)(xu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量5961.1萬(wan)(wan)立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),引水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)流量20.6秒立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。 (三(san))氣(qi)候情(qing)況。荊(jing)(jing)門市屬亞熱帶季風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)候,陽光充(chong)足(zu),雨(yu)(yu)量充(chong)沛(pei),雨(yu)(yu)熱同季,四季分(fen)明。年日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)數1997-2100小時(shi),年均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量804-1067mm,日(ri)(ri)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫15.6-16.3℃,年平(ping)均(jun)相對濕度(du)74%,無霜(shuang)期239-255天(tian)。太(tai)陽輻(fu)射年總量112千卡 /cm2。全(quan)年盛行(xing)西北(bei)(bei)風(feng)(feng)和(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)風(feng)(feng),年平(ping)均(jun)風(feng)(feng)速(su)為4.3m/s。荊(jing)(jing)門市作物生長(chang)(chang)季節日(ri)(ri)照(zhao)充(chong)沛(pei),雨(yu)(yu)量適中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),光、溫、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、熱、氣(qi)、土(tu)等(deng)自然條(tiao)件(jian)均(jun)能(neng)滿(man)足(zu)優(you)質油(you)菜生長(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)需要(yao)。
(一(yi)(yi))產(chan)地(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)。荊門(men)(men)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)產(chan)地(di)(di)涵蓋鐘祥市、沙洋縣、東寶區、荊門(men)(men)高新區·掇刀區、京(jing)山縣53個鄉鎮,為湖(hu)北省優質(zhi)(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)保護(hu)區,面(mian)積在150萬畝(mu)(mu)(mu)左右。產(chan)地(di)(di)環境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)必須符合《綠色(se)食品(pin)(pin)(pin)產(chan)地(di)(di)環境(jing)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)條(tiao)件》(NT/T391)的(de)(de)要(yao)求。(二)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)達到(dao)《NY414-2000低芥(jie)酸低硫苷油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)》質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)標準、不(bu)(bu)含轉基因成(cheng)分(fen),優選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)華油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)雜(za)(za)系列、中油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)雜(za)(za)系列等雜(za)(za)交和常規品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。(三(san))生(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)管(guan)理。 1、基地(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)。要(yao)求土(tu)壤質(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di)良好,疏(shu)松肥(fei)沃,透水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)和保水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)較(jiao)好,土(tu)壤有機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)含量(liang)(liang)1.5%以上,土(tu)壤以PH值5.6-7.2為適,土(tu)壤含鹽(yan)量(liang)(liang)控(kong)制(zhi)在0.14%-0.2%,地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位1m以下(xia)(xia)。土(tu)壤環境(jing)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)、大(da)氣質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)及其它達到(dao)NY/T391-2000的(de)(de)規定要(yao)求。2、栽(zai)植技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。(1)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)密植高產(chan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)雙低優質(zhi)(zhi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),10月上中旬播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)“碧(bi)護(hu)”進行(xing)拌種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),促進發芽,防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治苗期蟲害(hai)。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)6行(xing)或(huo)8行(xing)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)多(duo)功能(neng)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)適墑(di)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),畝(mu)(mu)(mu)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)300克(ke),成(cheng)苗2.5萬~3萬株(zhu)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期推遲、墑(di)情(qing)較(jiao)差的(de)(de)田塊適當加大(da)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)(liang)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)期最遲不(bu)(bu)超過10月20日,播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)量(liang)(liang)不(bu)(bu)超過400克(ke)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)三(san)天(tian)(tian)(tian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)未萌動(dong)出苗應(ying)灌一(yi)(yi)次滲(shen)溝水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),以溝水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)浸(jin)濕(shi)廂(xiang)面(mian)為宜,確保一(yi)(yi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)全苗。(2)高效施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)“一(yi)(yi)次底(di)肥(fei)+一(yi)(yi)次追肥(fei)”技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)路線。底(di)肥(fei)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)“宜施(shi)(shi)(shi)壯”油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)緩(huan)釋肥(fei),畝(mu)(mu)(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)40~45公(gong)(gong)斤,隨多(duo)功能(neng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)一(yi)(yi)并施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong),把肥(fei)料(liao)(liao)深施(shi)(shi)(shi)于種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)下(xia)(xia)部,提(ti)高肥(fei)效。元月中下(xia)(xia)旬追肥(fei)一(yi)(yi)次,視苗情(qing)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)尿素(su)2.5~5公(gong)(gong)斤。若田間(jian)地(di)(di)力偏(pian)瘦(shou),底(di)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)緩(huan)釋肥(fei)可(ke)(ke)增(zeng)至50公(gong)(gong)斤,也可(ke)(ke)在春季實施(shi)(shi)(shi)“一(yi)(yi)促四防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)”時(shi)每畝(mu)(mu)(mu)補(bu)噴(pen)(pen)1公(gong)(gong)斤的(de)(de)尿素(su)溶液(ye)(ye)(噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)濃(nong)度控(kong)制(zhi)在1%以內)。規模化(hua)采(cai)(cai)購(gou)肥(fei)料(liao)(liao)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)成(cheng)本可(ke)(ke)以控(kong)制(zhi)在110元以內。(3)全程(cheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。實施(shi)(shi)(shi)“機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)+機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)+機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)”全程(cheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)多(duo)行(xing)多(duo)功能(neng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),滿足(zu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)密植栽(zai)培的(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)。大(da)力推廣(guang)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu),為提(ti)高油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲效率,可(ke)(ke)在全田油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)80%角果變(bian)黃(huang)時(shi),利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)人(ren)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)每畝(mu)(mu)(mu)噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)80~100毫升“立(li)收(shou)(shou)(shou)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)”干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao)劑,噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)5~10天(tian)(tian)(tian)在晴天(tian)(tian)(tian)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯合收(shou)(shou)(shou)割機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲。利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)人(ren)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)開展植保、化(hua)調、葉(xie)面(mian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)等操作。(4)病蟲草(cao)(cao)(cao)綠色(se)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)控(kong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)直(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)3天(tian)(tian)(tian)內用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)乙草(cao)(cao)(cao)胺兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)均勻噴(pen)(pen)霧進行(xing)封(feng)(feng)閉除(chu)草(cao)(cao)(cao),噴(pen)(pen)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)24小(xiao)時(shi)內遇雨需(xu)重(zhong)噴(pen)(pen)。對未進行(xing)化(hua)學封(feng)(feng)閉除(chu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)或(huo)草(cao)(cao)(cao)害(hai)較(jiao)重(zhong)的(de)(de)田塊,要(yao)搶在油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)4~5葉(xie)、雜(za)(za)草(cao)(cao)(cao)2~3葉(xie)期間(jian)噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)田專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)除(chu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)劑除(chu)草(cao)(cao)(cao)。蕾苔(tai)期畝(mu)(mu)(mu)噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)90毫升“新美(mei)洲星”或(huo)菌核凈+磷酸二氫(qing)鉀+速樂硼+尿素(su)混合液(ye)(ye)促早熟(shu)、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)病、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)衰、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)倒、防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)花(hua)(hua)而不(bu)(bu)實。(5)凍害(hai)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。本技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)模式(shi)依托群體(ti)奪高產(chan),個體(ti)相對偏(pian)弱,要(yao)注重(zhong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)治凍害(hai)。可(ke)(ke)以在冬至前(qian)噴(pen)(pen)施(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)次“碧(bi)護(hu)”增(zeng)強抗凍性(xing)(xing)。冬至苗偏(pian)旺(wang)田塊,還應(ying)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)15%多(duo)效唑可(ke)(ke)濕(shi)性(xing)(xing)粉劑100克(ke)或(huo)5%烯效唑40克(ke)兌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50公(gong)(gong)斤均勻噴(pen)(pen)霧控(kong)旺(wang),防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止早苔(tai)早花(hua)(hua)而遭受倒春寒(han)凍害(hai)。(6)收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)2/3角果黃(huang)綠色(se),主花(hua)(hua)序中下(xia)(xia)部角果枇杷色(se),籽(zi)粒(li)呈固有顏色(se)時(shi)為成(cheng)熟(shu)期。可(ke)(ke)在成(cheng)熟(shu)時(shi)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)工(gong)收(shou)(shou)(shou)割或(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)收(shou)(shou)(shou)割,晾曬(shai)5-7天(tian)(tian)(tian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)再用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)撿收(shou)(shou)(shou),并完成(cheng)秸稈粉碎還田工(gong)序。也可(ke)(ke)在油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)成(cheng)熟(shu)7-15天(tian)(tian)(tian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),在露水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聯合收(shou)(shou)(shou)割機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲。油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及時(shi)干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)(zao),裝(zhuang)袋入庫。(7)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)脂加工(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中國(guo)農科院(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)料(liao)(liao)作物研究所(suo)黃(huang)鳳洪技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)團隊的(de)(de)高品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)濃(nong)香菜(cai)(cai)籽(zi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)產(chan)地(di)(di)7D綠色(se)高效加工(gong)關鍵技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和成(cheng)套裝(zhuang)備。