地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)情況:興義(yi)黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位于云貴(gui)高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)中段,地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢西北高(gao)(gao)、東南(nan)低,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒起(qi)伏、河(he)流縱(zong)橫,喀斯特地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)發育十分良好(hao)(hao)。喀斯特地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)占71.5%,丘(qiu)陵占20.5%,平壩占7.2%,村莊、河(he)流占0.8%。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)以高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)(yuan)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為主(zhu),地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)形(xing)(xing)態多(duo)樣(yang),丘(qiu)、谷(gu)、壩、原(yuan)(yuan)(小型山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原(yuan)(yuan)及高(gao)(gao)原(yuan)(yuan))次級地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)分布在(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)中。產(chan)區境(jing)(jing)內山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒重迭,其勢綿亙,起(qi)伏蜿(wan)蜒;叢山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)聳岳之(zhi)間,沖谷(gu)縱(zong)橫,溝槽交錯。黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)本具好(hao)(hao)動性,喜登高(gao)(gao),善(shan)游走,攀爬(pa)能(neng)(neng)力強。產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區域內多(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、坡(po)陡,復(fu)雜的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)使得(de)(de)興義(yi)黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)長(chang)期在(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)高(gao)(gao)坡(po)陡的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)中活動。在(zai)這樣(yang)的(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)(xing)中,興義(yi)黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)為了(le)(le)更好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)適應產(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理環境(jing)(jing),長(chang)期的(de)(de)登高(gao)(gao)與跳(tiao)躍能(neng)(neng)力得(de)(de)到(dao)不斷(duan)加強,從而(er)增強了(le)(le)興義(yi)黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)的(de)(de)體質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),肌肉(rou)得(de)(de)到(dao)很好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)鍛煉,進而(er)賦(fu)予(yu)了(le)(le)興義(yi)黑山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)體質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)結實,肉(rou)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鮮(xian)美,肌纖維細,肉(rou)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)細嫩,脂肪含量低、膻味輕的(de)(de)品質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)特征。
氣(qi)候情況:興(xing)義(yi)黑(hei)(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)產區(qu)亞(ya)熱(re)帶山(shan)地季風濕潤氣(qi)候,夏無酷暑,冬無嚴(yan)寒,雨量(liang)充(chong)沛,日照長(chang)。大部分地區(qu)年均(jun)氣(qi)溫在(zai)15℃~18℃之(zhi)間(jian),一月平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫7.1℃,七月平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫22.2℃。雨熱(re)同(tong)季,年降水量(liang)在(zai)1300~1600毫米之(zhi)間(jian),無霜期在(zai)275~334天之(zhi)間(jian)。產地區(qu)域內適宜的(de)氣(qi)候條(tiao)件,一方面(mian)(mian)有利于境(jing)內豐富的(de)牧草(cao)資源的(de)生(sheng)長(chang);另一方面(mian)(mian)為興(xing)義(yi)黑(hei)(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)的(de)生(sheng)長(chang)發育與營養(yang)積累提供了(le)溫暖而(er)舒(shu)適的(de)生(sheng)活(huo)環(huan)境(jing),在(zai)這樣優越的(de)環(huan)境(jing)下,興(xing)義(yi)黑(hei)(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)肉質(zhi)鮮嫩,皮板較(jiao)厚,糯性較(jiao)強,增加了(le)興(xing)義(yi)黑(hei)(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)肉獨特的(de)口感與品(pin)質(zhi)。
土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)水(shui)文(wen)情(qing)況:興(xing)義(yi)市(shi)東、南、西(xi)三面分別被馬嶺河(he)(he)、南盤江及(ji)黃(huang)泥河(he)(he)切割,市(shi)內有(you)大小河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)77條,屬雨源型(xing)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu),均屬珠江流(liu)(liu)(liu)域(yu)西(xi)江水(shui)系,水(shui)域(yu)面積85.78km2,占全(quan)市(shi)總面積的(de)(de)(de)2.95%。全(quan)市(shi)水(shui)資(zi)源總量(liang)為(wei)16.93億m3,其(qi)中地下水(shui)資(zi)源蘊藏(zang)量(liang)4.23億m3,市(shi)境內泉水(shui)有(you)483處,流(liu)(liu)(liu)量(liang)達4.65m3/s。產區土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)以黃(huang)壤(rang)(rang)、黃(huang)棕壤(rang)(rang)為(wei)主,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)pH范(fan)圍在5.5~7.0之間,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)發育(yu)程度較深,結構良(liang)好,富(fu)(fu)含(han)有(you)機質,土(tu)層厚度≥50cm,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有(you)機質含(han)量(liang)≥2.0%,其(qi)土(tu)質疏(shu)松,土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)富(fu)(fu)含(han)鋅、硒等微(wei)量(liang)元素。豐(feng)富(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)資(zi)源以及(ji)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)條件為(wei)興(xing)義(yi)黑(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)提供了優(you)越(yue)的(de)(de)(de)飼養環境的(de)(de)(de)同時(shi),也極其(qi)有(you)利(li)于多(duo)種牧(mu)(mu)草(cao)的(de)(de)(de)生長(chang),牧(mu)(mu)草(cao)的(de)(de)(de)多(duo)樣性為(wei)興(xing)義(yi)黑(hei)山(shan)羊(yang)提供了豐(feng)富(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)飼草(cao)資(zi)源,山(shan)羊(yang)所采食的(de)(de)(de)飼草(cao)類多(duo),尤其(qi)采食灌木嫩(nen)枝條,山(shan)羊(yang)的(de)(de)(de)體型(xing)和被毛更有(you)利(li)于在灌木林中放(fang)牧(mu)(mu)。灌木中多(duo)富(fu)(fu)含(han)氨基酸,長(chang)時(shi)間食用(yong)灌木也間接為(wei)山(shan)羊(yang)肉帶來了更優(you)異的(de)(de)(de)品(pin)質。
興義(yi)黑(hei)山羊主產(chan)(chan)于(yu)黔西南州興義(yi)市所轄敬南鎮(zhen)(zhen)、泥(ni)凼鎮(zhen)(zhen)、南盤江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、倉(cang)更鎮(zhen)(zhen)、頂效鎮(zhen)(zhen)、魯屯鎮(zhen)(zhen)、鄭(zheng)屯鎮(zhen)(zhen)、萬(wan)(wan)屯鎮(zhen)(zhen)、馬嶺鎮(zhen)(zhen)、清水河鎮(zhen)(zhen)、烏沙鎮(zhen)(zhen)、威舍鎮(zhen)(zhen)、白碗窯鎮(zhen)(zhen)、捧乍鎮(zhen)(zhen)、魯布格鎮(zhen)(zhen)、三江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)口鎮(zhen)(zhen)、七舍鎮(zhen)(zhen)、則戎(rong)、滄江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、洛萬(wan)(wan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、豬場坪鄉(xiang)(xiang)、雄武(wu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)共計22個鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen),165個行政村(cun)(社區)。保(bao)護范圍魯屯鎮(zhen)(zhen)平壩村(cun)、南至(zhi)洛萬(wan)(wan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)一心村(cun)、西至(zhi)三江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)口鎮(zhen)(zhen)梅坪村(cun)、北(bei)至(zhi)威舍鎮(zhen)(zhen)阿依村(cun)。地理坐標(biao)介于(yu):104°32′—105°11′,北(bei)緯24°38′—25°23′。養殖(zhi)規(gui)模10萬(wan)(wan)只,年產(chan)(chan)量0.15萬(wan)(wan)噸。產(chan)(chan)值(zhi)1.335億元。
外在感官特征(zheng):體格中(zhong)等(deng),體質(zhi)結(jie)實(shi),結(jie)構勻(yun)稱;被毛黑色為主,少有(you)褐、麻(ma)花色;多數有(you)角,蹄質(zhi)堅實(shi)、蹄部蠟黃;肉鮮紅有(you)光澤,肉質(zhi)緊(jin)實(shi)有(you)彈(dan)性,膻味輕;湯汁鮮淳清亮。