陽山(shan)(shan)雞,廣東省清遠市陽山(shan)(shan)縣(xian)特產,全(quan)國農(nong)產品(pin)地理標志。
陽山(shan)雞屬(shu)三黃(huang)雞種,胸深而(er)身軀長(chang),背平(ping),前(qian)后軀基本(ben)相等,體型呈(cheng)長(chang)方型,頭稍大,翹翅(chi)、主(zhu)翼羽和主(zhu)尾羽短或缺(que),喙、皮、腳(jiao)均為(wei)黃(huang)色(se)。母雞單(dan)片冠(guan)(guan)呈(cheng)鮮紅色(se)但比公雞小,有(you)5至8個冠(guan)(guan)齒,肉髯、臉及耳葉呈(cheng)紅色(se),虹彩橘黃(huang)色(se)。公雞單(dan)冠(guan)(guan)直立(li),有(you)6至9個冠(guan)(guan)齒,冠(guan)(guan)、肉髯長(chang),耳稍大,呈(cheng)鮮紅色(se),虹彩金(jin)黃(huang)色(se)。
2018年(nian)7月(yue)3日,中華(hua)人(ren)民共(gong)和國(guo)(guo)農(nong)業農(nong)村(cun)部正式批準對“陽山雞”實施農(nong)產品地理(li)標志(zhi)登記保護(hu)。2019年(nian)12月(yue)17日,“陽山雞”入選2019年(nian)第四(si)批全國(guo)(guo)名特優新農(nong)產品名錄。
陽山雞分(fen)布于(yu)廣(guang)東(dong)省西北(bei)(bei)部、連江中(zhong)游、南(nan)嶺(ling)山脈南(nan)側的陽山縣(xian)(xian),南(nan)連懷集、廣(guang)寧、清(qing)新縣(xian)(xian),北(bei)(bei)接湖南(nan)宜章(zhang)縣(xian)(xian),東(dong)與英(ying)德(de)、乳源瑤(yao)(yao)族自(zi)治縣(xian)(xian)相鄰,西與連南(nan)瑤(yao)(yao)族自(zi)治縣(xian)(xian)、連州市為界。地(di)(di)域保(bao)護范圍為陽山縣(xian)(xian)全境,包括陽山縣(xian)(xian)轄(xia)下的江英(ying)、青蓮、黎(li)埠、嶺(ling)背等13個鄉鎮(zhen),地(di)(di)理坐(zuo)標在東(dong)經112°22′01″~113°01′06″,北(bei)(bei)緯23°58′47″~24°55′52″之間。面積3418平方公里,年出欄200萬只(zhi),年產量(liang)3千(qian)噸。
地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌:陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)復雜(za),丘陵起伏、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)陡峻(jun),峽谷眾多,主(zhu)(zhu)要以(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),約(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)全縣(xian)總面(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)90%,盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)及(ji)沖積(ji)(ji)平(ping)(ping)原約(yue)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)10%。高(gao)低(di)差(cha)相當大(da),最(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)的(de)(de)青蓮(lian)小(xiao)北江沿岸海拔(ba)(ba)不到(dao)(dao)50米(mi)(mi),最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)的(de)(de)全省(sheng)(sheng)第(di)一峰(feng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坑崆(kong)海拔(ba)(ba)1902米(mi)(mi),高(gao)低(di)相差(cha)1850米(mi)(mi)。陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)省(sheng)(sheng)級(ji)生(sheng)態公益林居全省(sheng)(sheng)之首(shou),面(mian)積(ji)(ji)達(da)1626.69平(ping)(ping)方公里(li),森(sen)林復蓋率為(wei)(wei)72.97%,林木綠化率為(wei)(wei)76.5%。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)條件:陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)屬(shu)粵北地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)重(zhong)點石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)巖山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區縣(xian),土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)類型(xing)(xing)主(zhu)(zhu)要有山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)紅壤(rang)(rang)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)黃(huang)壤(rang)(rang)、高(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)草甸土(tu)(tu)(tu)、石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)才紫色土(tu)(tu)(tu),主(zhu)(zhu)要以(yi)紅黃(huang)壤(rang)(rang)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)50.37%,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)呈微(wei)(wei)酸性(xing);其(qi)次為(wei)(wei)紅色石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)土(tu)(tu)(tu),占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)19.49%,土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)呈微(wei)(wei)堿性(xing);此外還有面(mian)積(ji)(ji)不少土(tu)(tu)(tu)層(ceng)淺薄,巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)裸(luo)露(lu)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰(hui)(hui)(hui)巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)質土(tu)(tu)(tu),占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)29.39%。適宜種植玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)、番薯(shu)等粗(cu)糧,陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)雞以(yi)玉(yu)米(mi)(mi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)食(shi),為(wei)(wei)其(qi)提供了營養、健康的(de)(de)飼(si)料。水文情況:陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)內(nei)(nei)河系屬(shu)珠江流(liu)域(yu)北江水系,境(jing)內(nei)(nei)小(xiao)河流(liu)眾多,集雨(yu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)100平(ping)(ping)方公里(li)以(yi)上的(de)(de)主(zhu)(zhu)、支河流(liu)有13條,河流(liu)大(da)多屬(shu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區型(xing)(xing)。縣(xian)境(jing)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均徑流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)79.08億立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)(不含過境(jing)客水),過境(jing)客水徑流(liu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)38.6億立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi),水量(liang)(liang)(liang)充足。已建中(zhong)型(xing)(xing)水庫(ku)3宗(zong)、小(xiao)(一)型(xing)(xing)水庫(ku)11宗(zong)、小(xiao)(二)型(xing)(xing)水庫(ku)38宗(zong),較大(da)的(de)(de)塘(tang)壩129宗(zong),總控制集雨(yu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)252.29平(ping)(ping)方公里(li),總庫(ku)容1.096億立(li)(li)方米(mi)(mi)。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)情況:陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)屬(shu)亞(ya)熱(re)(re)帶季風(feng)性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou),氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)溫和(he),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫20.3℃,最(zui)(zui)(zui)冷(leng)月(yue)(yue)1月(yue)(yue),平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫10.1℃,最(zui)(zui)(zui)熱(re)(re)月(yue)(yue)7月(yue)(yue),平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫28.7℃,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)極(ji)(ji)端最(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫-3.2℃,極(ji)(ji)端最(zui)(zui)(zui)熱(re)(re)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫39.9℃,歷(li)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日平(ping)(ping)均溫度(du)≥5℃的(de)(de)天氣(qi)(qi)(qi)長達(da)345天。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)1850毫(hao)米(mi)(mi),主(zhu)(zhu)要集中(zhong)在春夏(xia)兩(liang)季,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)(ping)均濕度(du)78%,全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)無(wu)霜期322天。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形(xing)復雜(za),高(gao)低(di)差(cha)相當大(da),最(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)的(de)(de)青蓮(lian)小(xiao)北江沿岸海拔(ba)(ba)不到(dao)(dao)50米(mi)(mi),最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)的(de)(de)全省(sheng)(sheng)第(di)一峰(feng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)坑崆(kong)海拔(ba)(ba)1902米(mi)(mi),高(gao)低(di)相差(cha)1850米(mi)(mi),隨著高(gao)度(du)的(de)(de)不同而(er)形(xing)成(cheng)不同的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)帶,垂(chui)直氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候(hou)(hou)差(cha)異達(da)到(dao)(dao)9℃,光(guang)照充足,年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均光(guang)照時數1617.7h,≥10℃氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)積(ji)(ji)溫達(da)6236.5℃。這種氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫的(de)(de)差(cha)異春雨(yu)夏(xia)暑,秋旱冬寒(han)四季分(fen)明,光(guang)照充足,雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)充沛。
外(wai)在(zai)感官特征:陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)雞(ji)屬三黃(huang)(huang)雞(ji)種,胸深而身(shen)軀(qu)(qu)長,背平(ping),前后軀(qu)(qu)基本相等,體型呈長方型,頭(tou)稍大(da),翹(qiao)翅、主翼羽(yu)和主尾羽(yu)短或缺,喙、皮、腳均為(wei)黃(huang)(huang)色(se)。母雞(ji)單片冠(guan)呈鮮紅(hong)色(se)但比公(gong)雞(ji)小,有(you)5至8個(ge)(ge)冠(guan)齒(chi),肉(rou)髯、臉(lian)及耳(er)葉呈紅(hong)色(se),虹(hong)彩(cai)(cai)橘黃(huang)(huang)色(se)。公(gong)雞(ji)單冠(guan)直立,有(you)6至9個(ge)(ge)冠(guan)齒(chi),冠(guan)、肉(rou)髯長,耳(er)稍大(da),呈鮮紅(hong)色(se),虹(hong)彩(cai)(cai)金黃(huang)(huang)色(se)。內在(zai)品質指標(biao):陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)雞(ji)肌(ji)肉(rou)豐滿(man),皮薄骨細,肉(rou)質嫩滑(hua),品嘗起來皮爽脆、肉(rou)質幼嫩、久嚼不膩、雞(ji)味(wei)濃郁鮮美(mei)。營養豐富,并含(han)有(you)人體所(suo)需的(de)多種微量(liang)元(yuan)素。據檢(jian)測(ce),陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)雞(ji)肉(rou)蛋白質含(han)量(liang)為(wei)24.0~26.0%,脂(zhi)肪含(han)量(liang)為(wei)0.5~0.6%,每百克雞(ji)肉(rou)中,油酸含(han)量(liang)為(wei)0.35~0.6g,亞油酸含(han)量(liang)為(wei)0.17~0.25g,肌(ji)酐(gan)酸含(han)量(liang)為(wei)96.0~131mg。安全要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu):禁止使用國家禁止使用的(de)獸藥飼(si)(si)養陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)雞(ji)。做好生產記錄、飼(si)(si)料(liao)、飼(si)(si)料(liao)添(tian)加劑和獸藥使用記錄、消毒記錄、免疫記錄、診療記錄、防(fang)疫監測(ce)記錄、病死(si)畜禽無害化處理記錄。出欄(lan)時活雞(ji)外(wai)貌(mao)特征應符(fu)合陽(yang)山(shan)(shan)雞(ji)品種標(biao)準的(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu),健(jian)康無病,符(fu)合上市日齡的(de)雞(ji)。