定(ding)安鵝因產自海南省(sheng)定(ding)安縣,以一(yi)年四季都能(neng)產蛋、自孵而得名。定(ding)安四季鵝適應性好、抗病(bing)力強(qiang)、體型大、增重(zhong)快,覓食力強(qiang),消化率高,能(neng)充分(fen)利用(yong)野(ye)草、秸稈、遺落稻穗,甚至深(shen)埋污泥中的草根、塊莖等,飼養耗糧少,成本低,年產蛋量高,肉質好,深(shen)受百姓(xing)歡(huan)迎,是定(ding)安農家(jia)(jia)的當(dang)家(jia)(jia)家(jia)(jia)禽(qin)品種。
定安鵝的特點是體型(xing)中等,外(wai)貌清秀,體態呈橢(tuo)圓形(xing)。喙(hui)長。虹彩黃褐(he)色。頸(jing)較細長,稍呈弓形(xing),后軀發(fa)達(da)。產蛋期腹(fu)下單褶(zhe)或雙(shuang)褶(zhe),垂皮明(ming)顯。通常鵝群分(fen)兩大(da)類型(xing):羽毛全白(bai),喙(hui)橘黃色,跖、蹼、趾橙黃色頸(jing)羽、翼(yi)羽、尾(wei)羽灰褐(he)色,腹(fu)下乳白(bai)色。
1、生長速度(du)與產肉性能(neng)
平均(jun)體重:初生(sheng)95克;30日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)1110克;60日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)2750克;90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)3830克;120日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)4060克;成年(nian)(nian)公(gong)母鵝(e)分別為(wei)5240克、4410克。仔鵝(e),35日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)時開(kai)始(shi)長粗(cu)毛,45日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)時腹、翼、尾(wei)部長出(chu)粗(cu)羽(yu)(yu),60日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)時長主(zhu)翼羽(yu)(yu),75~80日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)長齊(qi)翅(chi)羽(yu)(yu)。90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)公(gong)鵝(e)平均(jun)半(ban)凈(jing)膛屠宰(zai)率(lv)81.94%,母鵝(e)83.48%;90日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)齡(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)公(gong)鵝(e)平均(jun)全凈(jing)膛屠宰(zai)率(lv)74.09%,母鵝(e)76.58%。成年(nian)(nian)公(gong)鵝(e)平均(jun)半(ban)凈(jing)膛屠宰(zai)率(lv)86.16%,母鵝(e)87.46%;成年(nian)(nian)公(gong)鵝(e)平均(jun)全凈(jing)膛屠宰(zai)率(lv)79.69%,母鵝(e)79.11%。
2、產蛋性能與繁(fan)殖性能
母(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)平均(jun)開(kai)產日齡(ling)185天(最(zui)早的(de)為162天)。每年(nian)(nian)從9~10月產蛋(dan)開(kai)始至翌年(nian)(nian)3~4月結(jie)束,年(nian)(nian)產蛋(dan)2~4窩,平均(jun)年(nian)(nian)產蛋(dan)37枚(mei),平均(jun)蛋(dan)重160克。平均(jun)蛋(dan)殼厚度0.42毫米,平均(jun)蛋(dan)形指數1.38。蛋(dan)殼乳(ru)白色。公(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)性成熟期140~160天,適宜(yi)配(pei)(pei)種年(nian)(nian)齡(ling)在200天以(yi)上(shang)。公(gong)母(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)配(pei)(pei)種比例1:(4~5)。平均(jun)種蛋(dan)受(shou)精(jing)(jing)率84.2%,平均(jun)受(shou)精(jing)(jing)蛋(dan)孵化率94.4%。母(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)就(jiu)巢性強,有97%的(de)母(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)有就(jiu)巢性,年(nian)(nian)就(jiu)巢2~3次。公(gong)鵝(e)(e)(e)利用年(nian)(nian)限4~6年(nian)(nian),母(mu)(mu)(mu)鵝(e)(e)(e)6~8年(nian)(nian)。