杭州(zhou)(zhou)銅雕是古(gu)代(dai)青銅器(qi)制造(zao)的延續,在吳越(yue)和南宋時期得到很大(da)發展,至清代(dai)達(da)于鼎(ding)盛,距今(jin)(jin)已有一千(qian)多(duo)年(nian)的歷(li)史。吳越(yue)和南宋建都杭州(zhou)(zhou),大(da)量銅藝(yi)(yi)(yi)工匠(jiang)隨之遷入,杭州(zhou)(zhou)由此成(cheng)為(wei)全國銅工藝(yi)(yi)(yi)品的重要產區(qu)。打銅巷即為(wei)銅作(zuo)坊集(ji)中之地(di),其地(di)名一直沿(yan)襲至今(jin)(jin)。清代(dai)同治(zhi)以(yi)后(hou),以(yi)“朱府銅藝(yi)(yi)(yi)”為(wei)代(dai)表的杭州(zhou)(zhou)銅雕技藝(yi)(yi)(yi)日趨成(cheng)熟,經(jing)四(si)代(dai)相傳(chuan)至今(jin)(jin),約有一百三十年(nian)的歷(li)史。
杭州(zhou)(zhou)銅(tong)(tong)雕(diao)將傳(chuan)統(tong)藝(yi)(yi)術(shu)(shu)和現代社(she)會生(sheng)活完(wan)美結(jie)合在一起(qi),深(shen)受(shou)各界贊譽。其產品涵蓋了建(jian)筑、雕(diao)塑、書法、壁畫、室內裝飾等(deng)(deng)方面,內容十(shi)分廣泛(fan)。按品種分,杭州(zhou)(zhou)銅(tong)(tong)雕(diao)主要包括(kuo)銅(tong)(tong)塔、銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)、銅(tong)(tong)橋、銅(tong)(tong)船、銅(tong)(tong)門、銅(tong)(tong)像等(deng)(deng)。在生(sheng)產中,杭州(zhou)(zhou)銅(tong)(tong)雕(diao)應用鏤空、疊鑲、烘煉(lian)、制綠、熔模、點刻等(deng)(deng)傳(chuan)統(tong)技藝(yi)(yi),使成(cheng)品達到(dao)完(wan)美的(de)(de)藝(yi)(yi)術(shu)(shu)效果。用這(zhe)種傳(chuan)統(tong)技藝(yi)(yi)建(jian)造的(de)(de)杭州(zhou)(zhou)雷峰塔和靈隱寺(si)銅(tong)(tong)殿(dian)、江蘇常州(zhou)(zhou)天寧寺(si)寶(bao)塔、四川(chuan)峨(e)眉山(shan)大雄(xiong)寶(bao)殿(dian)、臺(tai)灣(wan)省臺(tai)中市金壇(tan)祖師廟(miao)及大型銅(tong)(tong)浮雕(diao)《佛祖降魔圖》、《玄(xuan)奘求(qiu)法圖》等(deng)(deng)均是杭州(zhou)(zhou)銅(tong)(tong)雕(diao)的(de)(de)代表作,具有很高的(de)(de)藝(yi)(yi)術(shu)(shu)價值。
杭(hang)州銅(tong)(tong)雕(diao)作(zuo)為中國(guo)青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)器的變體,代表著(zhu)中國(guo)銅(tong)(tong)藝(yi)的先進水平,這份寶貴的歷史遺產是現代科(ke)技所(suo)無法替代的。目前(qian)由于(yu)技藝(yi)難度大,學(xue)藝(yi)時間(jian)長(chang),青(qing)年人都(dou)不(bu)愿學(xue)習傳統的銅(tong)(tong)雕(diao)技藝(yi)。隨著(zhu)社(she)會(hui)生活的變遷,銅(tong)(tong)壺等(deng)日(ri)用品逐漸(jian)被淘汰,銅(tong)(tong)雕(diao)生產實踐陷于(yu)停(ting)滯(zhi)。加之對這門(men)優秀的傳統手工藝(yi)缺乏科(ke)學(xue)研究,錯金、疊(die)鑲等(deng)一系列(lie)制作(zuo)技藝(yi)能繼續存(cun)在的已經不(bu)多(duo)。杭(hang)州銅(tong)(tong)雕(diao)技藝(yi)已處(chu)于(yu)瀕危狀態,對之進行保(bao)護搶救(jiu)極為必要。