一.產品介紹
西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)四(si)川省(sheng)南充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)市西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)生態環(huan)境良(liang)(liang)好(hao),產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)特(te)色鮮明,果(guo)樹(shu)栽培歷史悠久,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)柑(gan)(gan)(gan)桔(jie)(jie)數量(liang)大(da)(da)、品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)好(hao),最具(ju)代(dai)(dai)表性(xing),是著名(ming)(ming)的(de)(de)柑(gan)(gan)(gan)桔(jie)(jie)之(zhi)鄉。《西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)》(康熙24年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)版)“食貨志(zhi)”中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),即有“柑(gan)(gan)(gan)、橘(ju)”的(de)(de)記載;《西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(三)》記載:“縣(xian)(xian)(xian)內栽植柑(gan)(gan)(gan)桔(jie)(jie)較(jiao)早...30年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)槐(huai)樹(shu)何文瀾(lan)在(zai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)禪寺建柑(gan)(gan)(gan)桔(jie)(jie)園20畝,并從合川聘兩名(ming)(ming)技術工(gong)人(ren)管理此園。” 建國后,西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)水(shui)果(guo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)特(te)別是柑(gan)(gan)(gan)桔(jie)(jie)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)取得長足發展(zhan)。1964年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),建立(li)500畝規模(mo)的(de)(de)青龍園藝場(chang);1967年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),從中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國農科(ke)院(yuan)柑(gan)(gan)(gan)桔(jie)(jie)研(yan)究(jiu)所(重慶)引進10余個柑(gan)(gan)(gan)桔(jie)(jie)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)試栽,以從羅伯遜(xun)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)優(you)變單株(zhu)39號選出(chu)的(de)(de)青39(西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)前身)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)最佳,70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)后期(qi)送省(sheng)展(zhan)評(ping),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)評(ping)為(wei)(wei)(wei)第一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming);1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)正式被(bei)(bei)農業(ye)部確(que)定為(wei)(wei)(wei)國家柑(gan)(gan)(gan)桔(jie)(jie)基地(di)縣(xian)(xian)(xian);1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委發出(chu)《關于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)力發展(zhan)柑(gan)(gan)(gan)桔(jie)(jie)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)決(jue)定》,把(ba)柑(gan)(gan)(gan)桔(jie)(jie)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)致(zhi)富翻番的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)優(you)勢和(he)(he)支柱產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye),當年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)柑(gan)(gan)(gan)桔(jie)(jie)種(zhong)(zhong)植360萬株(zhu),其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)等5大(da)(da)良(liang)(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)244萬株(zhu),占總(zong)數的(de)(de)68%;1984年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)和(he)(he)1989年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)兩次被(bei)(bei)評(ping)為(wei)(wei)(wei)國家優(you)質(zhi)果(guo)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)金獎。八十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)(dai)末縣(xian)(xian)(xian)果(guo)樹(shu)工(gong)作(zuo)者從中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國農科(ke)院(yuan)引進新品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),經(jing)栽培選育,產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)表現(xian)出(chu)豐(feng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、質(zhi)優(you)的(de)(de)特(te)點,商(shang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)性(xing)極佳,因主產(chan)(chan)(chan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)和(he)(he)鄉,經(jing)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)委縣(xian)(xian)(xian)政府研(yan)究(jiu),命(ming)名(ming)(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)”。 西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)優(you)良(liang)(liang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)與其產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)獨特(te)的(de)(de)地(di)理位置、氣候、土(tu)壤(rang)條件、水(shui)資源等密不可(ke)分(fen)(fen)。西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境內以淺丘帶(dai)壩(ba)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)丘帶(dai)壩(ba)地(di)形為(wei)(wei)(wei)主,便于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)布(bu)局及耕作(zuo),土(tu)壤(rang)肥力較(jiao)高(gao),土(tu)層(ceng)深厚(hou),富含(han)有機(ji)質(zhi)及礦物質(zhi),雨量(liang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)沛,水(shui)質(zhi)良(liang)(liang)好(hao),光能分(fen)(fen)布(bu)相(xiang)對集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)4-9月(yue),基本涵蓋西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)整個有效生長期(qi),有利于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)積蓄養分(fen)(fen)、增(zeng)加可(ke)溶性(xing)固形物、色素(su)轉化和(he)(he)橙(cheng)(cheng)紅增(zeng)加。據《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國南方(fang)果(guo)樹(shu)》報道,西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)較(jiao)浙江、江西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、重慶等地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)量(liang)更穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定、色澤更好(hao)、品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)更佳。2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)上海舉辦的(de)(de)第三屆名(ming)(ming)優(you)果(guo)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)全(quan)國展(zhan)評(ping)會上一(yi)(yi)舉奪得“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華名(ming)(ming)果(guo)”殊榮;2005年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)國家工(gong)商(shang)總(zong)局注(zhu)冊“西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)”牌商(shang)標;2009年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)12月(yue),經(jing)四(si)川省(sheng)農業(ye)廳、四(si)川省(sheng)農科(ke)院(yuan)、四(si)川農業(ye)大(da)(da)學等專家鑒定,一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鳳(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)豐(feng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、穩(wen)(wen)(wen)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、質(zhi)優(you)、遺傳性(xing)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定,表現(xian)優(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)其它產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di)。目前,西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)已成為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)省(sheng)最大(da)(da)的(de)(de)臍(qi)(qi)橙(cheng)(cheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地(di),種(zhong)(zhong)植規模(mo)不斷擴(kuo)大(da)(da),品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)重有升,發展(zhan)前景十分(fen)(fen)廣闊。
二.自然生態環境和(he)人(ren)文(wen)歷(li)史因素
西鳳臍橙(cheng)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)地處(chu)嘉陵(ling)江、涪江脊背地帶,屬淺丘地貌,溝谷縱橫,丘陵(ling)密(mi)布,地勢西北高,東(dong)南低,由西北向東(dong)南傾(qing)斜,海拔210-617米(mi),平均(jun)(jun)(jun)海拔540米(mi),山(shan)脈呈南北走向,北面略高。產(chan)(chan)區(qu)土(tu)壤以紅棕紫泥土(tu)為主,PH值6.8-7.3,中(zhong)性至微堿性,土(tu)壤肥(fei)力較高,磷(lin)、鉀等礦物質(zhi)含量豐(feng)(feng)富(fu)。產(chan)(chan)區(qu)內水(shui)資(zi)源豐(feng)(feng)富(fu),水(shui)質(zhi)良好,非(fei)常適宜臍橙(cheng)產(chan)(chan)品種(zhong)植。 西鳳臍橙(cheng)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)屬中(zhong)亞熱(re)代濕潤季風氣候,氣候溫和(he),雨(yu)量充沛。年(nian)均(jun)(jun)(jun)溫17.5℃,一月均(jun)(jun)(jun)溫6.3℃,七月均(jun)(jun)(jun)溫27.5℃,年(nian)均(jun)(jun)(jun)日照(zhao)時數(shu)1383.9小(xiao)時,≥10℃有效(xiao)積溫5464.4℃,4-9月日照(zhao)時數(shu)占全(quan)年(nian)的70%,日照(zhao)和(he)光能在(zai)盆(pen)地中(zhong)部(bu)柑桔產(chan)(chan)區(qu)優勢明顯,全(quan)年(nian)無霜期308天(tian),年(nian)均(jun)(jun)(jun)降(jiang)水(shui)量980.8毫(hao)米(mi),降(jiang)雨(yu)大(da)部(bu)分集中(zhong)在(zai)七、八(ba)、九月,產(chan)(chan)區(qu)生態環境良好,氣候條件得天(tian)獨厚,出(chu)產(chan)(chan)的臍橙(cheng)味濃(nong)甜,病(bing)蟲害少,品質(zhi)佳。
三.地域范圍
西鳳(feng)(feng)臍橙農產品地理標志地域保護范(fan)圍包括南(nan)充市西充縣(xian)境內晉(jin)城、常林、鳳(feng)(feng)鳴、義興、仁和、鳳(feng)(feng)和、雙江、宏橋、雙鳳(feng)(feng)、東(dong)岱(dai)、高院、同德(de)、占山、祥龍、車龍、金(jin)泉(quan)、中嶺、紫巖(yan)、關文(wen)、青龍、多(duo)扶、東(dong)太、槐樹、西碾等24個鄉(鎮)。西充縣(xian)位于四川盆地中偏北部(bu),地理坐標為:東(dong)經105°36′4″-106°4′7″,北緯30°52′4″-31°15′7″,東(dong)接(jie)蓬(peng)安縣(xian),西靠(kao)鹽亭縣(xian),北與南(nan)部(bu)縣(xian)相(xiang)連,南(nan)與蓬(peng)溪縣(xian)接(jie)壤。保護面積(ji)6.5萬公(gong)頃,年產量3.2萬噸。
四.產品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征
(1)外在(zai)感官特征:西鳳臍橙(cheng)果實中大(da),倒卵圓或橢圓形,端正整齊。果皮橙(cheng)紅色、中厚,多(duo)閉臍,較易(yi)剝皮。果肉橙(cheng)色,脆嫩(nen)化渣,多(duo)汁,富(fu)香氣,酸甜(tian)適中,風(feng)味濃,無核。
(2)內在(zai)品質指標:西鳳臍橙總酸含(han)量≤0.72%,可溶性固(gu)形物(wu)≥9.5%,可食率≥68%,含(han)有豐(feng)富(fu)的維生素C。
(3)安(an)全要求:符合中華人民(min)共和國農(nong)業行業標準(zhun)《無公害食品柑桔》NY5014-2005質(zhi)量要求。