一.產品介紹
武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),原(yuan)(yuan)名廣(guang)(guang)濟縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(《廣(guang)(guang)濟縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)34頁(ye),地(di)處長江中(zhong)(zhong)游北(bei)(bei)岸,大別山余(yu)脈南(nan)麓。武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)自古以來就有(you)栽培(pei)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)的歷(li)史,清(qing)朝時就有(you)文字記載(zai)(《清(qing)·廣(guang)(guang)濟縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)38頁(ye))。1979年全縣(xian)(xian)(xian)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)籽產(chan)(chan)(chan)量達8500噸,居(ju)全省(sheng)(sheng)各縣(xian)(xian)(xian)首位(wei)(《廣(guang)(guang)濟縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)30頁(ye))。從1988年開始逐步推廣(guang)(guang)雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai) “華雙(shuang)2號(hao)”、“華雙(shuang)3號(hao)”等品(pin)(pin)種(《武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)142頁(ye)、156頁(ye))。進入90年代,武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)種植面積不斷擴大,被(bei)國家列為(wei)長江流域雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)開發示范區(《武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)142頁(ye)),1995年雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)種植面積達26萬(wan)畝(mu),平(ping)均單產(chan)(chan)(chan)191.2 kg,總(zong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)44961噸(《武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)149頁(ye))。1997年在湖北(bei)(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)考核評比中(zhong)(zhong)名列第(di)一。1998年1月19日,原(yuan)(yuan)國務院總(zong)理(li)溫家寶同志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)來武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)視察,觀看了武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大金(jin)鎮大金(jin)畈(fan)萬(wan)畝(mu)優質雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)示范基地(di),對武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)委、市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)政府大力(li)發展(zhan)雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業,著力(li)推進農村經濟發展(zhan)的經驗給予(yu)了高度的肯定(ding)與贊(zan)揚(《武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)志(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》第(di)7頁(ye))。2003年4月,武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)被(bei)全國優質農產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)服務中(zhong)(zhong)心授予(yu)“中(zhong)(zhong)國雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)大市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”的稱號(hao)。2006年,武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)被(bei)農業部批(pi)準(zhun)(zhun)為(wei)全國綠色食(shi)品(pin)(pin)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)標準(zhun)(zhun)化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)基地(di),創建綠色食(shi)品(pin)(pin)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)標準(zhun)(zhun)化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)示范基地(di)16.3萬(wan)畝(mu);2012年被(bei)湖北(bei)(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)確定(ding)為(wei)綠色食(shi)品(pin)(pin)雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)標準(zhun)(zhun)化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)整縣(xian)(xian)(xian)推進示范縣(xian)(xian)(xian)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),建設(she)綠色食(shi)品(pin)(pin)原(yuan)(yuan)料(liao)武(wu)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)雙(shuang)低(di)(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)標準(zhun)(zhun)化生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)面積36萬(wan)畝(mu),占(zhan)全市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)耕地(di)面積的80%以上。2009年被(bei)湖北(bei)(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)政府命名為(wei)“油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)大縣(xian)(xian)(xian)”,并榮獲“中(zhong)(zhong)國油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)之鄉”美譽。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
1、土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)地(di)貌情況:武(wu)穴(xue)處紅壤(rang)(rang)(rang)地(di)帶(dai)的(de)北部邊緣,是(shi)紅壤(rang)(rang)(rang)向黃棕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)過渡(du)地(di)區。據(ju)第二(er)次(ci)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)普查資料,武(wu)穴(xue)市地(di)帶(dai)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)有黃棕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)和棕紅壤(rang)(rang)(rang),非地(di)帶(dai)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)有潮(chao)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),石灰(巖)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu),水稻土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)共5個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)類、11個亞類、45個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)屬、293個土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)種(zhong),土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)以微酸(suan)性(xing)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)為(wei)主,適(shi)宜(yi)于(yu)(yu)多種(zhong)作物(wu)(wu)的(de)成長。武(wu)穴(xue)境內土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)酸(suan)堿度適(shi)中(zhong),富含鋅、硼(peng)、鎂、鉬、鈣、硫(liu)、鐵(tie)等。由于(yu)(yu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)層深厚,含水適(shi)中(zhong),通氣性(xing)好(hao),未受污染,吸熱快、放熱快、晝夜溫差大,有利于(yu)(yu)植物(wu)(wu)進行物(wu)(wu)質積累。適(shi)于(yu)(yu)雙(shuang)低油(you)菜及多種(zhong)作物(wu)(wu)的(de)生長。
2、水(shui)文情況:武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)南依長江,全市流(liu)(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)主屬(shu)長江下游(you)干流(liu)(liu)區(qu)(qu)華(hua)陽(yang)河(he)(he)系,源出(chu)北部(bu)低(di)山(shan)和中部(bu)丘陵(ling)的梅川水(shui)庫(ku)、荊竹水(shui)庫(ku)、大金(jin)水(shui)庫(ku)、戴(dai)文義、鐵石等(deng)(deng)河(he)(he)注入武(wu)(wu)山(shan)湖、太白湖匯集東流(liu)(liu)入華(hua)陽(yang)河(he)(he),流(liu)(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)共計953.2平方(fang)公里(li)。其次(ci)屬(shu)長江中游(you)干流(liu)(liu)區(qu)(qu)蘄水(shui)河(he)(he)系,源出(chu)西北丘陵(ling)的松陽(yang)、栗木(mu)、百園等(deng)(deng)山(shan)河(he)(he),向西注入蘄春赤(chi)東湖,流(liu)(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)126.7平方(fang)公里(li)。區(qu)(qu)域(yu)內地下水(shui)屬(shu)基(ji)巖(yan)裂(lie)隙水(shui),屬(shu)重碳(tan)酸(suan)鈉型和鈣鈉型極軟水(shui),硬度小于(yu)4度,適(shi)合武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)雙低(di)油菜生長需求(qiu)。
3、氣(qi)(qi)候情況:武(wu)(wu)穴市位于(yu)北(bei)緯29°50′-30°13′,東經115°22′-115°49′,屬中緯度(du)亞(ya)熱帶大(da)陸性濕潤季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候區(qu)。四季(ji)分(fen)明,熱量(liang)豐(feng)富,光照充足,雨量(liang)充沛,氣(qi)(qi)候溫(wen)和濕潤。年均(jun)總(zong)日照時數(shu)為1913.5小(xiao)時,年均(jun)太陽輻射能(neng)106.799千卡/平(ping)方厘米,年平(ping)均(jun)降雨量(liang)1489.1毫米,年平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)16.9℃,年平(ping)均(jun)地表溫(wen)度(du)為18.6℃,全(quan)年無霜期320天,為全(quan)省一級光能(neng)區(qu),是適宜于(yu)農、林、牧、漁(yu)全(quan)面發展的(de)多宜地區(qu)。境內有低山(shan)、丘陵、湖泊、長(chang)江等(deng)屏障,為武(wu)(wu)穴雙低油菜的(de)生產提(ti)供(gong)了優(you)越的(de)自然隔(ge)離條(tiao)件,有利于(yu)提(ti)高其產品品質。
三.地域范圍
包括武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)市(shi)梅川(chuan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、余川(chuan)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、大(da)(da)(da)金鎮(zhen)(zhen)、大(da)(da)(da)法寺(si)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、四(si)望鎮(zhen)(zhen)、石(shi)佛寺(si)鎮(zhen)(zhen)、花橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)、龍(long)坪鎮(zhen)(zhen)、武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)、刊(kan)江(jiang)(jiang)辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)、田鎮(zhen)(zhen)辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)、萬丈(zhang)湖(hu)辦(ban)事(shi)處(chu)(chu)等12個雙(shuang)(shuang)低油菜(cai)種植區(qu)域(yu)。武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)市(shi),原名廣(guang)濟縣(xian),位于(yu)北緯29°50′-30°13′;東(dong)經115°22′-115°49′。地(di)(di)處(chu)(chu)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)游(you)北岸,大(da)(da)(da)別(bie)山余脈南(nan)麓,鄂東(dong)邊(bian)緣。東(dong)與(yu)黃(huang)(huang)梅縣(xian)毗鄰,西(xi)北與(yu)蘄春接(jie)壤,西(xi)南(nan)與(yu)陽新(xin)縣(xian)隔江(jiang)(jiang)相望,南(nan)與(yu)江(jiang)(jiang)西(xi)省九(jiu)江(jiang)(jiang)、瑞(rui)昌(chang)以(yi)長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)界。地(di)(di)扼吳頭楚(chu)尾,歷來是(shi)鄂、皖(wan)、贛(gan)毗連地(di)(di)段的“三省七縣(xian)通衢”。早(zao)在明代(dai)就成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)臨江(jiang)(jiang)重(zhong)鎮(zhen)(zhen)。清(qing)初發(fa)(fa)展為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“商(shang)賈雜處(chu)(chu)鱗聚(ju)之(zhi)要(yao)埠”,《煙(yan)臺條約》辟為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)外輪停泊港口(kou)、孫中(zhong)(zhong)山先生在《建國方(fang)略》中(zhong)(zhong)列入開(kai)發(fa)(fa)計(ji)劃,民國中(zhong)(zhong)期成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)湖(hu)北省“七大(da)(da)(da)商(shang)埠”之(zhi)一,素有“入楚(chu)第一門(men)”、“鄂東(dong)門(men)戶(hu)”之(zhi)稱。如今,隨著現代(dai)化(hua)建設進程的快(kuai)速推進,武(wu)(wu)穴(xue)處(chu)(chu)于(yu)武(wu)(wu)漢(han)8+1城(cheng)市(shi)發(fa)(fa)展圈之(zhi)內;處(chu)(chu)于(yu)黃(huang)(huang)山、天柱山、廬山大(da)(da)(da)旅游(you)圈之(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong);處(chu)(chu)于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)國經濟梯度開(kai)發(fa)(fa),承(cheng)東(dong)接(jie)西(xi)過渡(du)區(qu)域(yu)之(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong);是(shi)京(jing)九(jiu)大(da)(da)(da)動脈中(zhong)(zhong)段的重(zhong)要(yao)城(cheng)市(shi)。全市(shi)版圖面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)1200.35平(ping)方(fang)公里,占湖(hu)北省總面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的0.65%。地(di)(di)勢自北向南(nan)傾斜,北部(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)別(bie)山余脈,中(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)丘(qiu)陵起伏、湖(hu)港交錯,南(nan)部(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)帶狀長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)沖積(ji)平(ping)原。雙(shuang)(shuang)低油菜(cai)常年(nian)種植面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)保持(chi)在43萬畝以(yi)上,年(nian)總產(chan)量(liang)超過7.5萬噸。
四.產(chan)品(pin)(pin)品(pin)(pin)質特性特征
1、外在感官(guan)特征:武穴雙低(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)薹(tai)為(wei)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)主花(hua)序,長約(yue)15-20厘(li)米,薹(tai)粗約(yue)1-1.5厘(li)米,色澤翠綠,氣味(wei)清香,味(wei)甜(tian),無(wu)傳統油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)薹(tai)的苦澀味(wei);武穴雙低(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽呈(cheng)(cheng)黑(hei)色或褐(he)色,色澤鮮(xian)亮,皮薄,籽粒飽滿圓潤(run),大小均勻整齊(qi),千粒重(zhong)4.28克;以武穴雙低(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽為(wei)原料(liao)經(jing)低(di)溫壓榨加工(gong)的毛油(you)(you)(you)呈(cheng)(cheng)深(shen)褐(he)色,有(you)濃郁的菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽油(you)(you)(you)香味(wei)。經(jing)精加工(gong)后的菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽油(you)(you)(you),呈(cheng)(cheng)淺(qian)(qian)黃(huang)色,油(you)(you)(you)色清亮,氣味(wei)清香;武穴雙低(di)油(you)(you)(you)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)籽餅粕(po)呈(cheng)(cheng)黃(huang)色、淺(qian)(qian)褐(he)色碎片或粗粉狀,具(ju)菜(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)油(you)(you)(you)香味(wei),無(wu)發酵(jiao)、霉變及異(yi)味(wei)。
、內在品質指(zhi)標(biao):武(wu)穴雙低油菜芥酸≤5%,硫(liu)甙(餅(bing))≤35umol/g;以(yi)武(wu)穴雙低油菜為原料經低溫(wen)壓榨的菜籽(zi)油亞油酸≥60%;不飽和脂(zhi)肪酸總(zong)量(liang)≥90%;其加(jia)工副產(chan)品餅(bing)粕硫(liu)甙≤35umol/g、粗蛋白≥25%。
3、質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)全要求(qiu)(qiu):武穴(xue)雙低油菜(cai)產地(di)環(huan)境(jing)、產品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)符(fu)合NY/T391-2013《綠色食品(pin)產地(di)環(huan)境(jing)技(ji)術(shu)條件》、 NY/T790-2004《雙低油菜(cai)生(sheng)產技(ji)術(shu)規程》的(de)要求(qiu)(qiu)。