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一.產品介紹

隆(long)林山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是當(dang)地(di)(di)少數民族(zu)傳(chuan)統文化方式熏(xun)陶(tao)下經(jing)長期自(zi)然選擇而形成的(de)地(di)(di)方山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)品(pin)種。早在幾百年(nian)前隆(long)林縣(xian)就已飼養山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，據查《西隆(long)州志》，自(zi)清康熙五年(nian)開始，即(ji)有關于馬、牛(niu)、羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、豬、雞、鴨(ya)等物產(chan)的(de)記載。《隆(long)林縣(xian)志》記載“西南各地(di)(di)，多系石山(shan)，石液(ye)性堿，羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出入舔之(zhi)能減少瘟疫，其地(di)(di)宜于養羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，故農(nong)民多以牧羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為副業，所在山(shan)弄數十群“。1987年(nian)收錄(lu)《廣西家畜家禽品(pin)種志》，2004年(nian)收錄(lu)到《中國畜牧業名優產(chan)品(pin)薈萃(cui)》。 自(zi)明清時期，隆(long)林人(ren)即(ji)有用山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)血解斷腸草中毒之(zhi)法，古典民間傳(chuan)之(zhi)”斷腸草，人(ren)食之(zhi)立(li)死，羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)食而肥，故中毒者，用羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)血灌之(zhi)可解”。自(zi)古以來，苗(miao)族(zu)人(ren)民在婚姻接新(xin)娘時，常有男方牽羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)去迎親的(de)習俗。凡遇婚喪大事、“跳跛節”、三(san)月三(san)、“償新(xin)節”、“火把節”都(dou)要殺羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。一直沿至現(xian)在。

二.自然生態環境和人文歷(li)史因素

（1）土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)地(di)貌(mao)情(qing)況：產地(di)屬云貴高(gao)原東南邊緣，是個海拔較高(gao)，以中(zhong)山(shan)為主，無平(ping)原的山(shan)區縣，素有(you)“地(di)無三里平(ping)”之(zhi)稱。地(di)貌(mao)結構有(you)土(tu)(tu)(tu)山(shan)區和石山(shan)區兩類，山(shan)嶺連綿(mian)，山(shan)坡(po)與谷地(di)縱(zong)橫交錯，石峰(feng)土(tu)(tu)(tu)嶺林(lin)立(li)，地(di)形起伏(fu)不(bu)平(ping)，地(di)貌(mao)復雜，構成山(shan)區多(duo)，水(shui)面少；陡坡(po)多(duo)，平(ping)地(di)少。 產區土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)性偏(pian)酸，pH值5.5～7.5之(zhi)間。土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)田較肥(fei)沃(wo)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤(rang)有(you)機質較豐富(fu)。

（2）水(shui)(shui)(shui)文情況(kuang)：產區水(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)較豐(feng)富，境內(nei)河(he)流(liu)屬珠江(jiang)流(liu)域西江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系。流(liu)經隆林(lin)邊界的最大河(he)流(liu)是紅(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)（南盤江(jiang)），紅(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)隆林(lin)段總長165km，境內(nei)有地下河(he)14條，地下總流(liu)程(cheng)為171.84km。 水(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)pH值在6.4～7.5之(zhi)間變(bian)化(hua)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)的物理性質(zhi)良好(hao)，符合飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)標準要求(qiu)。

（3）氣候(hou)情況：屬(shu)亞熱(re)帶季風氣候(hou)，雨(yu)量(liang)充(chong)沛，日(ri)照充(chong)足，氣候(hou)溫暖，無(wu)霜期長。年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)日(ri)照時數為(wei)1763.9h。 降水(shui)量(liang)：年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)量(liang)1599.4mm，一年(nian)(nian)中雨(yu)季主要集中在(zai)5月份～8月份。 氣溫：境內差異大，年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣溫為(wei)19.1℃，產地砂頁巖和(he)石(shi)灰(hui)巖為(wei)主，是低緯度，高海(hai)拔地區，夏(xia)無(wu)酷(ku)暑，冬無(wu)嚴寒(han)。 由于(yu)這里特殊(shu)的(de)(de)土(tu)壤(rang)地貌(mao)、水(shui)質條件、氣候(hou)情況和(he)豐(feng)富的(de)(de)牧草，極(ji)符合山羊的(de)(de)生(sheng)態學(xue)特性，為(wei)隆林發展山羊產業奠定了堅實的(de)(de)基礎。

（4）人(ren)文(wen)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)情(qing)況：產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)飼養(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)悠久(jiu)，早在(zai)幾(ji)百(bai)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)縣就已(yi)飼養(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。古老縣志(zhi)《西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)州志(zhi)》——自(zi)(zi)(zi)清康(kang)(kang)熙五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)始，即有(you)(you)關馬、牛、羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、豬、雞、鴨等物產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)記(ji)載(zai)，《隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)縣志(zhi)》——“西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)南各地(di)(di)，多系石山(shan)(shan)(shan)，石液性堿，羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)出入(ru)舔之(zhi)(zhi)能少(shao)瘟疫，其地(di)(di)宜于養(yang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，故(gu)農(nong)民(min)(min)(min)多以牧(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)副業(ye)，所在(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)弄(nong)數(shu)十成群”。自(zi)(zi)(zi)古以來，產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)的(de)(de)苗(miao)族(zu)(zu)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)在(zai)婚姻接新娘時(shi)(shi)，常(chang)有(you)(you)男方(fang)牽羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)去接新的(de)(de)習俗。隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)早已(yi)成為(wei)當地(di)(di)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)交(jiao)往(wang)的(de)(de)禮品(pin)，直至今天，隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)人(ren)仍以山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)作為(wei)本地(di)(di)珍貴產(chan)(chan)品(pin)贈送(song)給貴客(ke)佳(jia)賓。少(shao)數(shu)民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)在(zai)民(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)節(jie)日如“跳跛”、“三(san)月三(san)” 節(jie)時(shi)(shi)，是日各家宰牛羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，祭祖拜墓，大(da)(da)張宴會，以山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)上(shang)等的(de)(de)祭品(pin)。隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)人(ren)歷(li)(li)(li)來就有(you)(you)用羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉招(zhao)待貴客(ke)的(de)(de)習俗，羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)癟(bie)湯(tang)是歷(li)(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)悠久(jiu)的(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)人(ren)民(min)(min)(min)上(shang)乘(cheng)佳(jia)肴之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)，經(jing)常(chang)喝羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)癟(bie)湯(tang)能避寒消(xiao)暑，潤(run)胃滋肝，養(yang)心益(yi)腎，消(xiao)除疲勞，健康(kang)(kang)長(chang)壽。 自(zi)(zi)(zi)明、清時(shi)(shi)期(qi)，隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)人(ren)即有(you)(you)用山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)血(xue)解斷腸(chang)(chang)草中毒之(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)，古典民(min)(min)(min)間傳之(zhi)(zhi)“斷腸(chang)(chang)草，人(ren)食(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)立死，羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)食(shi)而(er)肥，故(gu)中毒者，用羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)血(xue)灌之(zhi)(zhi)可解”，“羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)血(xue)熬跌(die)打(da)(da)膏藥必用之(zhi)(zhi)”，“山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)產(chan)(chan)于高山(shan)(shan)(shan)中，大(da)(da)者可百(bai)余(yu)斤，其心血(xue)與骨治(zhi)跌(die)打(da)(da)損傷神效(xiao)”。當胃腸(chang)(chang)不(bu)(bu)適、病者或產(chan)(chan)婦身體虛弱時(shi)(shi)，隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)人(ren)多以吃(chi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉的(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)進行調養(yang)，效(xiao)果(guo)較好。 自(zi)(zi)(zi)1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)起(qi)，隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)各族(zu)(zu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)治(zhi)縣持續(xu)地(di)(di)開(kai)展(zhan)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)種(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)展(zhan)評(ping)活動，激(ji)勵了(le)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)優良種(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)斷發展(zhan)。1979年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，廣西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)區(qu)畜(chu)牧(mu)局組織(zhi)開(kai)展(zhan)對隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)進行調查(cha)、測定(ding)，1987年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)將(jiang)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)列入(ru)廣西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)地(di)(di)方(fang)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)，載(zai)入(ru)《廣西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)家畜(chu)家禽品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)志(zhi)》；1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)起(qi)廣西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)區(qu)畜(chu)牧(mu)部門(men)實(shi)施隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)保(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育(yu)課題(ti)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)；2002年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)載(zai)入(ru)《中國畜(chu)牧(mu)業(ye)名優產(chan)(chan)品(pin)薈萃》。 上(shang)級業(ye)務部門(men)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均劃撥專項經(jing)費實(shi)施隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)地(di)(di)方(fang)優良品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)保(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)育(yu)工作；2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)由質量(liang)(liang)技術監督部門(men)組織(zhi)，編制(zhi)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)綜合標(biao)準——“DB451331/T1-2002隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)及種(zhong)(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)評(ping)定(ding)”，“DB451331/T2-2002隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)繁(fan)育(yu)技術規(gui)程(cheng)”，“DB451331/T3-2002隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)飼養(yang)管理技術規(gui)程(cheng)”，“DB451331/T4-2002隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)防疫技術規(gui)程(cheng)”等四個標(biao)準，并發布實(shi)施。2001年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)至2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，國家質檢(jian)總局下達(da)了(le)“50萬(wan)(wan)只(zhi)(zhi)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)農(nong)業(ye)標(biao)準化養(yang)殖示范項目(mu)”，項目(mu)實(shi)施三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)飼養(yang)總量(liang)(liang)達(da)50萬(wan)(wan)只(zhi)(zhi)以上(shang)并通過驗(yan)收(shou)。地(di)(di)方(fang)政府出臺了(le)激(ji)勵隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)一(yi)系列政策，隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生產(chan)(chan)發展(zhan)不(bu)(bu)斷壯大(da)(da)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均增長(chang)達(da)8%以上(shang)。2007年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，廣西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)陸興(xing)畜(chu)產(chan)(chan)開(kai)發有(you)(you)限公司投(tou)資500萬(wan)(wan)元興(xing)建隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)保(bao)種(zhong)(zhong)繁(fan)育(yu)基地(di)(di)，該基地(di)(di)目(mu)前(qian)存欄隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)黑(hei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)已(yi)達(da)600余(yu)只(zhi)(zhi)，有(you)(you)效(xiao)帶動隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)養(yang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)農(nong)戶發展(zhan)。2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全縣飼養(yang)隆(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)(long)林(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)達(da)8000戶，飼養(yang)量(liang)(liang)14.2萬(wan)(wan)余(yu)只(zhi)(zhi)。

三.地域范圍

隆(long)(long)林山羊產(chan)于隆(long)(long)林各族自(zi)治縣(xian)境內(nei)的德峨(e)鄉(xiang)、豬場(chang)鄉(xiang)、克(ke)長鄉(xiang)、蛇場(chang)鄉(xiang)、介廷鄉(xiang)、巖茶(cha)鄉(xiang)、隆(long)(long)或鄉(xiang)、金鐘(zhong)山鄉(xiang)、革(ge)步(bu)鄉(xiang)、天生橋鎮(zhen)(zhen)、者(zhe)浪(lang)鄉(xiang)、椏杈鎮(zhen)(zhen)、者(zhe)保鄉(xiang)、平(ping)班鎮(zhen)(zhen)、沙(sha)梨鄉(xiang)、新州鎮(zhen)(zhen)等16個鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)(zhen)，其(qi)中主(zhu)產(chan)區是(shi)德峨(e)、豬場(chang)、蛇場(chang)、克(ke)長等鄉(xiang)。地(di)理坐標為：東經104°47′～105°41′，北緯24°22′～24°59′，全(quan)縣(xian)總面(mian)積3552.96平(ping)方(fang)千米。年(nian)(nian)飼(si)養20萬只(zhi)，產(chan)量2000噸（按年(nian)(nian)出欄10萬只(zhi)計）。

四(si).產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性(xing)特(te)征

（1）外在(zai)感官特征：被毛(mao)(mao)：毛(mao)(mao)色(se)(se)有(you)(you)(you)純(chun)白(bai)(bai)色(se)(se)、純(chun)黑(hei)色(se)(se)、黑(hei)白(bai)(bai)花、麻黃(huang)及褐色(se)(se)等，以黑(hei)色(se)(se)為(wei)主。腹下、四(si)(si)肢(zhi)上(shang)部被毛(mao)(mao)和公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的鬃、鬣(lie)毛(mao)(mao)較粗(cu)長。 體形特征：成年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)體型(xing)(xing)碩(shuo)大，體質(zhi)結(jie)實勻稱(cheng)，體軀似長方(fang)型(xing)(xing)，背(bei)腰平直，肋骨開張，后(hou)軀稍(shao)高，頭大小適中(zhong)，公(gong)、母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)均有(you)(you)(you)須、髯和角(jiao)，角(jiao)扁平向(xiang)(xiang)上(shang)、向(xiang)(xiang)外、向(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)螺旋狀彎曲，少數羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)頸下有(you)(you)(you)肉(rou)垂。公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)鼻部稍(shao)隆起；母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)鼻梁平直，后(hou)跨(kua)比較開闊(kuo)，乳房較發達(da)，乳頭較粗(cu)長。四(si)(si)肢(zhi)端正(zheng)粗(cu)壯，肌肉(rou)發達(da)。 （2）內在(zai)品質(zhi)指標：隆林山羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)質(zhi)細嫩而有(you)(you)(you)彈性(xing)，顏(yan)色(se)(se)鮮艷(yan)，結(jie)締組織少，脂肪(fang)堅實、色(se)(se)白(bai)(bai)，背(bei)部脂肪(fang)分(fen)布均勻。其味鮮美，膻、腥味小。 經檢測：羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)含(han)蛋白(bai)(bai)質(zhi)18.5g/100g，脂肪(fang)1.71g/100g，水份75.4g/100g，膽固醇72mg/100g，鐵(tie)48.0mg/kg，鋅39.4mg/kg，硒0.0325mg/kg，羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)肉(rou)是(shi)低(di)能量(liang)高蛋白(bai)(bai)肉(rou)食品，各種(zhong)微量(liang)元(yuan)素含(han)量(liang)高，膽固醇低(di)。

（3）安全(quan)(quan)規(gui)定：產(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)、銷(xiao)售必須(xu)遵循《農產(chan)品質量安全(quan)(quan)法》、 《動(dong)物防疫法》、《種畜禽管理條例》等相關法律(lv)法規(gui)。按照無(wu)公害畜產(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)標準，強化(hua)對養殖基(ji)地的(de)管理，加(jia)大保種選育力度，實施規(gui)模化(hua)產(chan)業(ye)化(hua)生(sheng)產(chan)。通過引進和吸收先進的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)管理技術(shu)來提高生(sheng)產(chan)效率，降低生(sheng)產(chan)成本，提高產(chan)品質量。

五.特定生產方(fang)式

（1）產(chan)地選擇(ze)與(yu)特(te)殊(shu)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)規(gui)定：隆(long)林(lin)山羊(yang)生(sheng)活在云貴高原邊(bian)緣桂西(xi)北的隆(long)林(lin)縣境(jing)內(nei)(nei)，氣(qi)候獨特(te)，牧草種(zhong)類繁多，質量優良，工礦企業少，環境(jing)無污(wu)染，境(jing)內(nei)(nei)飲用水、大氣(qi)土壤(rang)均(jun)符合(he)國家(jia)有關標準。

（2）品(pin)種(zhong)選(xuan)擇與特定要求：隆林(lin)山羊耐(nai)寒暑(shu)，耐(nai)粗牧(mu)，生長(chang)發育(yu)快，性成熟早，繁殖率(lv)高，抗病力強(qiang)。品(pin)種(zhong)選(xuan)擇采(cai)取自(zi)然交(jiao)配、個(ge)體選(xuan)擇、純(chun)種(zhong)繁殖和(he)保種(zhong)選(xuan)育(yu)的生產方式，建立(li)隆林(lin)山羊優良種(zhong)羊核心群和(he)保種(zhong)區，種(zhong)羊的品(pin)種(zhong)純(chun)度要求及質(zhi)量等(deng)級評定應(ying)符合(he)DB451031/T1-2002規定，即種(zhong)公羊為二級以上(shang)，種(zhong)母羊為三級以上(shang)。

（3）生(sheng)產(chan)過程管理(li)：

①飼養方(fang)式：根據不同情況采取自然放(fang)牧(mu)、半(ban)放(fang)牧(mu)半(ban)舍飼和完全舍飼圈養等方(fang)式，自然放(fang)牧(mu)采用(yong)(yong)純天(tian)然牧(mu)草，舍飼采用(yong)(yong)本(ben)土農作物及其(qi)產品(pin)或(huo)種植(zhi)優良(liang)牧(mu)草，所使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)配(pei)方(fang)或(huo)混合的(de)(de)成品(pin)或(huo)半(ban)成品(pin)飼料，要(yao)確保(bao)(bao)原料的(de)(de)純正，達到無(wu)公害飼料品(pin)質(zhi)要(yao)求(qiu)。全面推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)“三改三推(tui)(tui)”綜合技(ji)術(shu)措施。即：一(yi)改只放(fang)牧(mu)不補飼或(huo)少補飼的(de)(de)粗(cu)放(fang)方(fang)式，推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)日牧(mu)與(yu)夜補相結合的(de)(de)科學飼養管(guan)理新技(ji)術(shu)；二改群牧(mu)亂交配(pei)、優劣不分的(de)(de)老(lao)習慣，推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)優種優配(pei)新技(ji)術(shu)；三改不免(mian)疫(yi)(yi)接種、保(bao)(bao)健意識(shi)差的(de)(de)舊觀(guan)念，推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)定期健康檢查、免(mian)疫(yi)(yi)接種和驅蟲保(bao)(bao)健管(guan)理技(ji)術(shu)。

②種羊飼(si)管：種公羊配(pei)種預備期(qi)(qi)飼(si)養應(ying)(ying)增加玉米、豆(dou)餅(bing)、麥麩等(deng)精(jing)飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)喂量，配(pei)種期(qi)(qi)種公羊應(ying)(ying)加強運動，以保(bao)證(zheng)種公羊能產生品質(zhi)優良的(de)(de)精(jing)液。配(pei)種后(hou)(hou)(hou)復壯期(qi)(qi)，精(jing)飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)喂給量不(bu)減，增加放牧時間。經過一段時間后(hou)(hou)(hou)，再適量減少精(jing)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，逐漸過渡(du)到(dao)非配(pei)種期(qi)(qi)飼(si)養。種母(mu)羊的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)懷期(qi)(qi)和(he)哺乳(ru)后(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)需要(yao)(yao)添加風(feng)干飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，同時應(ying)(ying)抓緊放牧，使母(mu)羊快速復壯，爭取滿膘迎接配(pei)種。妊(ren)娠前(qian)期(qi)(qi)營養與空(kong)(kong)懷期(qi)(qi)相(xiang)同，放牧飼(si)養可滿足(zu)要(yao)(yao)求。妊(ren)娠后(hou)(hou)(hou)期(qi)(qi)需要(yao)(yao)足(zu)夠營養物(wu)質(zhi)，應(ying)(ying)補(bu)給風(feng)干飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)、多汁(zhi)飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)含(han)蛋白質(zhi)、礦(kuang)物(wu)質(zhi)、維生素(su)的(de)(de)飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)。哺乳(ru)前(qian)期(qi)(qi)應(ying)(ying)保(bao)證(zheng)母(mu)羊的(de)(de)營養，適當增加風(feng)干飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)豆(dou)餅(bing)、麩皮(pi)、魚粉(fen)、食鹽(yan)、多汁(zhi)飼(si)料(liao)(liao)(liao)等(deng)。

③飲水(shui)條件(jian)：水(shui)源以(yi)山泉(quan)、地頭水(shui)柜、水(shui)井為主(zhu)，符合飲用水(shui)標(biao)準條件(jian)。

④羊舍(she)建設：選(xuan)擇(ze)背風向(xiang)陽、地勢較高(gao)、土(tu)質干燥的地方建造。羊舍(she)為木樓二層結構(gou)，羊床離地面50cm以上，每(mei)只(zhi)羊占舍(she)內面積(ji)0.5m2～2.0m2。

⑤疫病防(fang)治：每年(nian)都適時進(jin)行(xing)口蹄疫、羊(yang)(yang)三防(fang)四聯苗等防(fang)疫注射，實(shi)行(xing)早(zao)春驅蟲和夏秋藥浴(yu)；加強防(fang)治羊(yang)(yang)羔(gao)病，提高羊(yang)(yang)羔(gao)成活率。

（4）產品收獲、屠(tu)宰技術規(gui)定：

①隆林(lin)山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)6月齡即(ji)可屠宰(zai)，屠宰(zai)體重為(wei)：6月齡公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)20kg以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)、母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)18kg以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)；成(cheng)年(nian)公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)48kg以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)、 母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)41kg以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。羯(jie)羊(yang)(yang)51kg以(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)。成(cheng)年(nian)羊(yang)(yang)屠宰(zai)率(lv)(lv)52.2%，凈肉率(lv)(lv)36.34%。

②隆林山羊屠宰，需(xu)經產(chan)地(di)檢疫(yi)(yi)和(he)屠宰檢疫(yi)(yi)，檢疫(yi)(yi)按照按照動(dong)物(wu)檢疫(yi)(yi)規程(cheng)進行(xing)。

（5）生產(chan)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)要(yao)求：對養(yang)殖戶或養(yang)殖場所有(you)羊(yang)只應準確(que)、可靠、完整進(jin)行(xing)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，要(yao)求有(you)購入、配(pei)種(zhong)、產(chan)羔、增重、飼(si)(si)料消耗(hao)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)；種(zhong)用管理記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)；飼(si)(si)料、飼(si)(si)草來源(yuan)、配(pei)方(fang)及(ji)各種(zhong)添加劑使用記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)；疫(yi)病防治(zhi)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)；出欄銷售記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)等。記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)保留2年以上。

六.包裝(zhuang)標識相(xiang)關規定

（1）活(huo)體運輸(shu)(shu)標識：隆(long)林山羊活(huo)體外調(diao)運輸(shu)(shu)憑免疫(yi)耳標、動(dong)物運輸(shu)(shu)檢疫(yi)證明、非疫(yi)區證明等(deng)證件運輸(shu)(shu)；種羊外調(diao)的，加掛種羊標識、非特定(ding)疫(yi)病證明等(deng)。運輸(shu)(shu)車(che)輛搭(da)層分格裝(zhuang)羊（不宜整(zheng)個車(che)箱混裝(zhuang)一大(da)群(qun)），每格裝(zhuang)5只～10只，車(che)輛裝(zhuang)前(qian)卸后全面消(xiao)毒(du)。

（2）肉產品包裝：依照羊肉質(zhi)量分級標準(zhun)，包裝規格(ge)為20 kg/箱(xiang)～25kg/箱(xiang)，冷(leng)凍貯藏(zang)，全程冷(leng)鏈運(yun)輸。貯藏(zang)、運(yun)輸必(bi)須(xu)符合《家(jia)畜屠(tu)宰、加工(gong)企業獸醫(yi)衛生規定》的(de)要求。