石榴(liu),落(luo)葉喬木或(huo)灌木;單葉,通(tong)常對生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)簇生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),無托葉。花(hua)(hua)頂(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)近頂(ding)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),單生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)幾(ji)朵簇生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)組成聚(ju)傘花(hua)(hua)序,近鐘形(xing),裂(lie)片(pian)5-9,花(hua)(hua)瓣(ban)5-9,多(duo)皺褶,覆(fu)瓦狀排列;胚珠多(duo)數。漿果(guo)(guo)(guo)球形(xing),頂(ding)端(duan)有宿存花(hua)(hua)萼裂(lie)片(pian),果(guo)(guo)(guo)皮厚;種(zhong)子多(duo)數,漿果(guo)(guo)(guo)近球形(xing),果(guo)(guo)(guo)熟期9-10月。外種(zhong)皮肉(rou)質半透明,多(duo)汁;內種(zhong)皮革質。性味甘(gan)、酸澀、溫(wen),具有殺蟲、收(shou)斂、澀腸、止痢等功(gong)效(xiao)。石榴(liu)果(guo)(guo)(guo)實營養豐富,維(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)素(su)C含量比蘋果(guo)(guo)(guo)、梨要高(gao)出一二(er)倍。中國傳統文化視石榴(liu)為吉祥物(wu),視它為多(duo)子多(duo)福(fu)的象征。