止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),位于(yu)西(xi)安(an)(an)市青(qing)年(nian)路(lu)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)飯店西(xi)側,止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)唐代的政(zheng)治中樞(shu)太極殿(dian)所(suo)在(zai)地(di),到(dao)了明(ming)代則是(shi)朱元璋之(zhi)孫千陽郡(jun)王王府(fu)。“止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)1935年(nian),原名(ming)“紫(zi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,是(shi)一座具(ju)有(you)民族建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑風格(ge)的別(bie)墅(shu)(shu)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)時正值楊虎(hu)城(cheng)將(jiang)軍(jun)從膠東、豫東勝利(li)回師,取“紫(zi)氣東來(lai)”首字命名(ming)為(wei)(wei)“紫(zi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”。后為(wei)(wei)避免蔣介石猜疑,1936年(nian)接(jie)受國民黨政(zheng)府(fu)參議李元鼎先生建(jian)(jian)(jian)議,取“止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戈為(wei)(wei)武”首字,書法家寇遐隸書題匾(bian)“止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”,將(jiang)“紫(zi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”改為(wei)(wei)“止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)”。由楊虎(hu)城(cheng)將(jiang)軍(jun)在(zai)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與周(zhou)恩來(lai)同志商(shang)討國事(shi),研究解(jie)決西(xi)安(an)(an)事(shi)變問題。這座別(bie)墅(shu)(shu)現(xian)已(yi)辟為(wei)(wei)楊虎(hu)城(cheng)將(jiang)軍(jun)紀念館(guan),內陳(chen)設有(you)楊虎(hu)城(cheng)將(jiang)軍(jun)的遺物(wu)和西(xi)安(an)(an)事(shi)變的部分文件。 止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)原占地(di)0.4公(gong)頃(qing),其建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑、裝飾均為(wei)(wei)中西(xi)合璧,主樓為(wei)(wei)磚木結構,建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑保存完(wan)整(zheng)。抗戰期(qi)間,熊斌、祝紹周(zhou)先后任陜西(xi)省政(zheng)府(fu)主席,曾將(jiang)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)作為(wei)(wei)自己的公(gong)館(guan)。1947年(nian)至(zhi)1948年(nian),止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)國民黨特務機(ji)關駐地(di)。解(jie)放后為(wei)(wei)西(xi)北局領導居(ju)處,后改為(wei)(wei)省政(zheng)府(fu)招待所(suo)。1982年(nian)2月,止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)被(bei)定為(wei)(wei)全國文物(wu)保護(hu)單位。1983年(nian)國家撥(bo)專款將(jiang)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)修葺一新,1985年(nian)5月1日正式開放。
1931年“九·一(yi)八”事(shi)變(bian)(bian)后(hou),楊虎(hu)城(cheng)將軍(jun)主張(zhang)(zhang)抗日(ri)(ri),反(fan)對蔣(jiang)介石(shi)的(de)(de)“攘外必(bi)先安內(nei)”的(de)(de)政策。1936年12月12日(ri)(ri),他和張(zhang)(zhang)學良將軍(jun)共同發動了(le)西(xi)安事(shi)變(bian)(bian),迫使(shi)蔣(jiang)介石(shi)停(ting)止內(nei)戰,促(cu)進了(le)國(guo)共第二次合作,推動了(le)全國(guo)的(de)(de)抗日(ri)(ri)戰爭。后(hou)被國(guo)民黨囚禁12年,解(jie)放(fang)前夕(xi)慘遭殺害。
楊虎城(1893-1949),陜西蒲城人(ren),是中國辛(xin)亥(hai)革命(ming)以來愛國民(min)(min)主將領。1912年(nian)投身(shen)于(yu)孫中山先生領導(dao)的辛(xin)亥(hai)革命(ming)運動,1917年(nian)參加反對北洋軍閥的靖國軍,后(hou)又參加了國民(min)(min)軍。他于(yu)1924年(nian)加入(ru)國民(min)(min)黨,擁護(hu)孫中山的聯(lian)(lian)俄(e)、聯(lian)(lian)共、扶助農工的三大政策,先后(hou)任國民(min)(min)軍師(shi)長、國民(min)(min)革命(ming)軍軍長,十七(qi)路(lu)軍總(zong)指揮等職(zhi)。
主政(zheng)(zheng)陜西(xi)期(qi)間,他積極(ji)興辦(ban)教育,興修(xiu)水(shui)利,同時積極(ji)改(gai)革政(zheng)(zheng)治體(ti)制,廣泛招賢,為(wei)陜西(xi)人民謀幸福,為(wei)陜西(xi)各項(xiang)事業的發展(zhan)做出了重要的貢獻。