產品介紹

越(yue)西縣位于四川省(sheng)南(nan)部，涼(liang)山州北(bei)部，介于東經102°20′-102°54′，北(bei)緯28°18′-28°53′，海拔1600-2100m。越(yue)西甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)農產(chan)(chan)品地(di)(di)理標志地(di)(di)域保(bao)護范圍(wei)為(wei)越(yue)西境內25個(ge)山區(qu)鄉鎮所(suo)屬的(de)自然村，保(bao)護面(mian)積13067公頃。越(yue)西甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)果(guo)形(xing)(xing)腎形(xing)(xing)或心臟形(xing)(xing)，縫合線(xian)明(ming)顯。果(guo)柄中短，果(guo)大，果(guo)皮(pi)紅至(zhi)紫紅色，皮(pi)色艷麗有光澤。果(guo)肉粉紅至(zhi)玫瑰紅，肥(fei)厚多汁，質(zhi)脆離核(he)。風味酸甜(tian)(tian)(tian)適度，品質(zhi)佳。 越(yue)西甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)單(dan)果(guo)較重、可溶性(xing)固(gu)形(xing)(xing)物含量(liang)(liang)(liang)高、營養豐富，含有大量(liang)(liang)(liang)維(wei)生素C及鈣、鐵等營養元(yuan)素。其單(dan)果(guo)重≥4g，可溶性(xing)固(gu)形(xing)(xing)物含量(liang)(liang)(liang)≥14%、維(wei)生素C ≥6mg/100g。 越(yue)西縣獨特(te)的(de)環境被(bei)國內甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)專家確定為(wei)中國甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最適栽(zai)培(pei)區(qu)，且為(wei)全國露(lu)地(di)(di)栽(zai)培(pei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最早(zao)熟(shu)的(de)地(di)(di)區(qu)，果(guo)實(shi)的(de)成熟(shu)期在4月(yue)下旬-5月(yue)下旬，同(tong)一甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)品種(zhong)果(guo)實(shi)的(de)成熟(shu)期比省(sheng)內甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)提(ti)早(zao)成熟(shu)10 -15天，比北(bei)方(fang)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)提(ti)早(zao)成熟(shu)25-30天。因此(ci)越(yue)西縣被(bei)稱為(wei)“西南(nan)高海拔特(te)早(zao)熟(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)栽(zai)培(pei)區(qu)”。 2004年(nian)取得(de)農業部頒發的(de)“綠色食品認(ren)證證書(shu)”。 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)植業列(lie)入“十二五”經濟發展計劃， 計劃到2015年(nian)發展種(zhong)植甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)2000公頃，出臺(tai)多種(zhong)優惠政策，鼓勵農民種(zhong)植甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)。

自然生態環境和(he)人文歷(li)史(shi)因素

（1）土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)地貌(mao)情況(kuang)：越西縣主(zhu)要(yao)地貌(mao)為平壩、中(zhong)高(gao)(gao)低(di)山(shan)，山(shan)地面積占90%以上，地勢南高(gao)(gao)北低(di)，由南向(xiang)北傾(qing)斜，境(jing)內(nei)(nei)海(hai)(hai)拔差較(jiao)大，大約為1000-2000米(mi)。最低(di)海(hai)(hai)拔(梅花鄉巴姑(gu)河邊)1170米(mi)，最高(gao)(gao)海(hai)(hai)拔(陽糯雪山(shan)的主(zhu)峰鏵頭(tou)尖)4791米(mi)，形成獨特的立體(ti)氣(qi)候特征。縣境(jing)內(nei)(nei)主(zhu)要(yao)為水(shui)稻(dao)土(tu)、紫色土(tu)、黃壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)、黃棕(zong)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)、潮土(tu)、紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)土(tu)和(he)沼澤土(tu)7個土(tu)類，土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)質地輕(qing)壤(rang)(rang)至重(zhong)壤(rang)(rang)。土(tu)壤(rang)(rang)有機質含(han)量平均為 1.8 %， pH值(zhi)6-7.5，酸堿適中(zhong)。

（2）水(shui)文情況：境內(nei)大(da)小河(he)(he)(he)流密布，屬大(da)渡河(he)(he)(he)水(shui)系(xi)的河(he)(he)(he)流主要有越(yue)西河(he)(he)(he)、普(pu)雄河(he)(he)(he)、漫灘河(he)(he)(he)、寶珠拉達(da)河(he)(he)(he)等；屬金沙江水(shui)系(xi)的有則普(pu)拉達(da)河(he)(he)(he)、保(bao)石河(he)(he)(he)等，河(he)(he)(he)流總長度212.6公里(li)，其中以(yi)普(pu)雄河(he)(he)(he)和越(yue)西河(he)(he)(he)較長。

（3）氣(qi)候情況：越西縣屬北亞熱帶氣(qi)候，具有(you)年較差(cha)小、日(ri)較差(cha)大，立體垂(chui)直氣(qi)候特(te)征明顯等特(te)點。海拔1600-2100米地(di)區(qu)，年均(jun)氣(qi)溫為11.3-13.3℃，≥10℃的年有(you)效積(ji)溫3915.7-3200℃，平均(jun)降水量(liang)1017-1113mm（主要集中在6-10月，年日(ri)照時數1612.9-1860小時，無霜(shuang)期248-225天，特(te)別是(shi)氣(qi)候溫穩定(ding)通過5℃的初日(ri)在于2月下旬，春季氣(qi)溫回升快，使(shi)得果實成(cheng)熟特(te)早(zao)。

（4）人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)文歷(li)史情況：越(yue)(yue)西縣歷(li)史悠久，因(yin)(yin)越(yue)(yue)過(guo)嶲水設(she)郡(jun)縣而得名。漢帝元鼎6年(nian)設(she)置越(yue)(yue)嶲郡(jun)，今越(yue)(yue)西縣時(shi)(shi)為(wei)越(yue)(yue)嶲郡(jun)領之(zhi)“闌縣”。晉太(tai)康8年(nian)文昌帝君(jun)張亞(ya)子誕生(sheng)(sheng)于(yu)境(jing)內(nei)中所水鎮。北(bei)周天和(he)3年(nian)設(she)置邛(qiong)都(dou)縣至(zhi)隋唐，明洪武25年(nian)設(she)置越(yue)(yue)嶲衛，民國2年(nian)改越(yue)(yue)嶲縣，是南方絲綢之(zhi)路的(de)(de)(de)要塞，為(wei)彝(yi)(yi)族世居(ju)地(di)。 從(cong)二(er)十(shi)(shi)世紀七十(shi)(shi)年(nian)代(dai)開始，越(yue)(yue)西縣大量種(zhong)(zhong)植甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)，自此(ci)便與人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活密不可(ke)分(fen)，特(te)(te)別(bie)是與彝(yi)(yi)族畢(bi)(bi)(bi)摩(mo)文化緊密聯系：甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)因(yin)(yin)其果(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)艷麗、枝(zhi)(zhi)葉純潔、生(sheng)(sheng)命力(li)強被(bei)彝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)同鐵(tie)杉樹(shu)(shu)一(yi)(yi)道敬為(wei)“神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)”，鐵(tie)杉生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)于(yu)高(gao)寒(han)之(zhi)山，寓意陽剛，象征(zheng)男性(xing)，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)(chang)于(yu)低山、寓意陰柔，象征(zheng)母性(xing)，以男、女性(xing)相(xiang)對應，象征(zheng)彝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)男、女相(xiang)互依(yi)從(cong)繁衍生(sheng)(sheng)息(xi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)從(cong)此(ci)過(guo)上幸福(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)活。據彝(yi)(yi)族畢(bi)(bi)(bi)摩(mo)經(jing)(jing)書記(ji)載(zai)：遠古時(shi)(shi)代(dai)，為(wei)了(le)彝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)興(xing)旺發達、幸福(fu)安康，上天授意人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)間請畢(bi)(bi)(bi)摩(mo)做法事，于(yu)是彝(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)先民用(yong)(yong)(yong)金(jin)銀財寶做神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)、野獸(shou)野禽做祭牲；到(dao)了(le)著名的(de)(de)(de)彝(yi)(yi)族畢(bi)(bi)(bi)摩(mo)黑畢(bi)(bi)(bi)始祖(zu)時(shi)(shi)代(dai)，改用(yong)(yong)(yong)鐵(tie)杉樹(shu)(shu)和(he)山櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)做神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)、家(jia)畜家(jia)獸(shou)做祭牲；時(shi)(shi)至(zhi)今日，眾多(duo)彝(yi)(yi)族在請畢(bi)(bi)(bi)摩(mo)進行(xing)祈福(fu)、小(xiao)(xiao)孩出生(sheng)(sheng)等多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)隆重法式時(shi)(shi)，都(dou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)和(he)鐵(tie)杉樹(shu)(shu)做成(cheng)(cheng)神(shen)(shen)枝(zhi)(zhi)、神(shen)(shen)柱、神(shen)(shen)枷、神(shen)(shen)叉、神(shen)(shen)財，同雞(ji)、豬、羊、牛(niu)祭牲一(yi)(yi)起進行(xing)祭祀(si)，祈求幸福(fu)安康，萬事如(ru)意。甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)(shu)因(yin)(yin)此(ci)被(bei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)稱之(zhi)為(wei)“吉(ji)祥之(zhi)樹(shu)(shu)、甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)被(bei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)們(men)稱為(wei)“吉(ji)祥之(zhi)果(guo)(guo)(guo)”。 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)原產(chan)歐洲，性(xing)喜冷涼干燥，日照充足，對生(sheng)(sheng)態條件(jian)要求嚴格，適應區域狹小(xiao)(xiao)，全國種(zhong)(zhong)植面積(ji)(ji)不大。越(yue)(yue)西縣獨特(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)環境(jing)被(bei)國內(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)專家(jia)確定(ding)為(wei)中國甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最適栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)區，且為(wei)全國露地(di)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最早熟(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)地(di)區，果(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期在4月(yue)下(xia)旬-5月(yue)下(xia)旬，同一(yi)(yi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)品種(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)(guo)實(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期比(bi)省內(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)區提早成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)10 -15天，比(bi)北(bei)方甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主(zhu)產(chan)區提早成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)25-30天。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)越(yue)(yue)西縣被(bei)稱為(wei)“西南高(gao)海拔特(te)(te)早熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)區”。 越(yue)(yue)西縣已陸續(xu)建(jian)立了(le)一(yi)(yi)批甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)科技示范園(yuan)，同時(shi)(shi)建(jian)立了(le)品種(zhong)(zhong)資源圃(pu)、 母本采穗圃(pu)、苗木繁殖(zhi)圃(pu)，為(wei)越(yue)(yue)西縣甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)可(ke)持續(xu)發展奠(dian)定(ding)了(le)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎。目前(qian)全縣種(zhong)(zhong)植甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)面積(ji)(ji)333公(gong)頃(qing)，引入了(le)國內(nei)外優良(liang)品種(zhong)(zhong)40多(duo)個，已成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)特(te)(te)早熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)。縣政(zheng)府已將甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)植業列入“十(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)五”經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)發展計劃，制(zhi)定(ding)了(le)特(te)(te)早熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)建(jian)設(she)長(chang)(chang)(chang)遠發展規(gui)劃，將甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)產(chan)業作為(wei)促農(nong)(nong)增收的(de)(de)(de)新的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)增長(chang)(chang)(chang)點來培(pei)(pei)(pei)育。計劃到(dao)2015年(nian)發展種(zhong)(zhong)植甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)2000公(gong)頃(qing)，出臺多(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)優惠政(zheng)策(ce)，鼓(gu)勵農(nong)(nong)民種(zhong)(zhong)植甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)植給果(guo)(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)帶來了(le)可(ke)觀(guan)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)效益，大大提高(gao)了(le)農(nong)(nong)民的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)積(ji)(ji)極性(xing)，特(te)(te)早熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)(ji)地(di)已初具規(gui)模(mo)。

地域范圍

越(yue)西甜(tian)櫻桃農產品地(di)(di)理(li)標(biao)志地(di)(di)域保護(hu)范(fan)圍(wei)為(wei)越(yue)西境內25個山(shan)區鄉(xiang)(xiang)鎮所(suo)屬的自然村，具(ju)體是大花鄉(xiang)(xiang)、丁山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、中所(suo)鎮、大瑞(rui)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、南(nan)箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)、馬(ma)拖鄉(xiang)(xiang)、新鄉(xiang)(xiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、五里箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)、越(yue)城(cheng)鎮、河東鄉(xiang)(xiang)、西山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、大屯鄉(xiang)(xiang)、新民鎮、板橋鄉(xiang)(xiang)、瓦(wa)巖鄉(xiang)(xiang)、普雄鎮、樂青地(di)(di)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、貢目鄉(xiang)(xiang)、依洛(luo)地(di)(di)壩鄉(xiang)(xiang)、拉白鄉(xiang)(xiang)、鐵(tie)西鄉(xiang)(xiang)、拉普鄉(xiang)(xiang)、爾覺鄉(xiang)(xiang)、四甘普鄉(xiang)(xiang)、保安鄉(xiang)(xiang)的山(shan)地(di)(di)和山(shan)間(jian)盆地(di)(di)，保護(hu)面積(ji)13067公頃(qing)，產量(liang)10000噸(dun)。越(yue)西縣位于四川省南(nan)部(bu)，涼山(shan)州(zhou)北(bei)部(bu)，介于東經102°20′-102°54′，北(bei)緯28°18′-28°53′，產區海(hai)拔1600-2100m。

品質特性特征

外在感官特征：越西甜(tian)(tian)櫻桃果(guo)形腎形或心(xin)臟(zang)形，縫合線(xian)明顯。果(guo)柄(bing)中短(duan)，果(guo)大(da)，果(guo)皮(pi)紅至(zhi)紫紅色(se)，皮(pi)色(se)艷(yan)麗(li)有光澤。果(guo)肉(rou)粉紅至(zhi)玫(mei)瑰紅，肥(fei)厚(hou)多汁，質脆離核。風味酸(suan)甜(tian)(tian)適度，品質佳。

（2）內在品(pin)質指標：越西甜櫻桃單果較重、可(ke)溶性固形物含(han)量(liang)高、營養 豐富，含(han)有大量(liang)維生(sheng)素(su)C及鈣、鐵等營養元(yuan)素(su)。其單果重≥4g，可(ke)溶性固形物含(han)量(liang)≥14%、維生(sheng)素(su)C ≥6mg/100g。