宜都蜜(mi)柑(gan)(gan),湖北省宜都市(shi)(shi)特產(chan)(chan),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)地理標志產(chan)(chan)品。宜都市(shi)(shi)氣候(hou)溫和,雨量充(chong)沛,日照充(chong)足,四季分明,地理、氣候(hou)條件極(ji)適(shi)合(he)柑(gan)(gan)橘(ju)的生產(chan)(chan)發(fa)展,是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)柑(gan)(gan)橘(ju)區(qu)劃中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)寬皮(pi)柑(gan)(gan)橘(ju)最適(shi)宜區(qu),先后被(bei)定為首批中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)園藝產(chan)(chan)品出(chu)(chu)口示范區(qu)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)柑(gan)(gan)橘(ju)生產(chan)(chan)優(you)勢區(qu)域、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)柑(gan)(gan)橘(ju)之鄉、全國(guo)柑(gan)(gan)橘(ju)標準化(hua)示范縣(市(shi)(shi))。所產(chan)(chan)蜜(mi)柑(gan)(gan)味濃化(hua)渣、酸(suan)甜適(shi)度、耐(nai)(nai)貯耐(nai)(nai)運,深(shen)受廣大消費者(zhe)歡迎,果品遠銷到俄羅(luo)斯、加拿大及東南亞(ya)地區(qu),桔瓣罐頭出(chu)(chu)口到美國(guo)、日本、歐盟。
品質特性
鄂柑(gan)是(shi)宜都蜜柑(gan)的(de)主(zhu)栽(zai)品種(zhong),是(shi)屬(shu)寬皮(pi)柑(gan)桔(jie)品種(zhong)。樹勢較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)強,樹形(xing)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)開(kai)張,葉(xie)片較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)大,萌芽率(lv)強,成枝(zhi)力(li)中等,新梢(shao)柔軟。花(hua)芽分化(hua)能力(li)強,一般(ban)為單花(hua),以有(you)葉(xie)花(hua)坐果為主(zhu)。主(zhu)要結果母枝(zhi)為春梢(shao)和早秋梢(shao),以春梢(shao)結果較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)。單性(xing)結實(shi)(shi),果實(shi)(shi)無核(he),高扁圓(yuan)形(xing),單果重(zhong)125.0克左右,大小較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)均勻,皮(pi)薄,可(ke)食率(lv)高,中心柱較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)充(chong)實(shi)(shi)。9月下旬開(kai)始(shi)著色,10月上旬成熟,剛著色時果皮(pi)桔(jie)黃有(you)光澤(ze),完熟時果皮(pi)桔(jie)紅色。抗寒性(xing)與龜井溫州蜜柑(gan)相似(si),適應性(xing)較(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)強。品質(zhi)經(jing)農業部食品質(zhi)量監(jian)督檢測試中心測定(ding),維生素C含量239毫克/千克,可(ke)溶性(xing)固形(xing)物10.7%,可(ke)滴(di)定(ding)酸0.88%,總糖6.80%。風味濃郁,爽口化(hua)渣。1984~2003年(nian)在宜昌、老河(he)口等地試驗、試種(zhong),一般(ban)新建園三(san)年(nian)開(kai)始(shi)試果,四年(nian)株產可(ke)達10公斤(jin),六年(nian)后進(jin)入盛(sheng)果期,一般(ban)畝產3000公斤(jin)。2004年(nian)通過湖北省農作物品種(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)委員會(hui)審(shen)(認)定(ding),品種(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)編(bian)號為鄂審(shen)果2004001。
產地環境
宜都市地(di)處長江中游近三峽出口、鄂西南(nan)部(bu),處于江漢平(ping)(ping)原向鄂西山區的過(guo)渡地(di)帶。版圖面積1357平(ping)(ping)方公里。地(di)勢(shi)西南(nan)高(gao)、東(dong)北低(di),由(you)西南(nan)向東(dong)北傾斜,是一(yi)個丘(qiu)陵(ling)起伏的半山區。東(dong)部(bu)丘(qiu)陵(ling),海拔(ba)在50-250米,沿長江及清江出口地(di)勢(shi)平(ping)(ping)坦,土(tu)地(di)肥沃,中部(bu)丘(qiu)陵(ling)、沖溝(gou)與崗地(di)交錯(cuo),但坡(po)度較緩,形成平(ping)(ping)畈(fan),是該(gai)市糧油(you)和(he)農特產品的主(zhu)要產地(di)。該(gai)市位于北緯30°06′-30°36′,東(dong)經111°06′-111°36′,季(ji)風明(ming)顯,屬于亞(ya)熱帶季(ji)風氣(qi)(qi)候。具有四季(ji)分明(ming),氣(qi)(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)和(he),雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)充沛,光照充足,嚴(yan)冬(dong)酷(ku)暑時(shi)間短等特點。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均日照時(shi)數(shu)為(wei)1657.7小時(shi)。全(quan)(quan)市年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)16.7℃,日極(ji)端最(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)40.8℃,日極(ji)端最(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為(wei)-13.8℃。春季(ji)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)變幅較大,夏季(ji)晴熱酷(ku)暑,秋季(ji)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)下降(jiang)迅速,冬(dong)季(ji)嚴(yan)冬(dong)短暫。80%的年(nian)份(fen)1月份(fen)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)高(gao)于4℃,為(wei)柑(gan)(gan)桔(jie)、茶葉、油(you)桐等作(zuo)物安全(quan)(quan)越冬(dong)提(ti)供了保障。多年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)為(wei)1235.4mm,最(zui)(zui)(zui)多年(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)為(wei)1869.0mm,最(zui)(zui)(zui)少年(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)為(wei)757.2mm。在作(zuo)物生(sheng)長季(ji)節(4至10月)全(quan)(quan)市各地(di)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)超過(guo)1000mm占(zhan)80%以上,能滿足作(zuo)物正常生(sheng)長需要,極(ji)適(shi)合柑(gan)(gan)橘的生(sheng)產發展,是中國柑(gan)(gan)橘區劃(hua)中寬皮柑(gan)(gan)橘最(zui)(zui)(zui)適(shi)宜區。