宜(yi)都(dou)蜜柑(gan),湖北省宜(yi)都(dou)市(shi)特產(chan)(chan),中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)地理標志產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。宜(yi)都(dou)市(shi)氣候溫和,雨量充(chong)沛,日(ri)照充(chong)足(zu),四(si)季分明(ming),地理、氣候條件極適合柑(gan)橘(ju)(ju)的生產(chan)(chan)發展,是中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)柑(gan)橘(ju)(ju)區(qu)劃中(zhong)寬皮柑(gan)橘(ju)(ju)最適宜(yi)區(qu),先后(hou)被定為首批(pi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)園藝產(chan)(chan)品(pin)出口(kou)示范(fan)區(qu)、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)柑(gan)橘(ju)(ju)生產(chan)(chan)優勢區(qu)域、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)柑(gan)橘(ju)(ju)之(zhi)鄉、全國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)柑(gan)橘(ju)(ju)標準化(hua)(hua)示范(fan)縣(市(shi))。所產(chan)(chan)蜜柑(gan)味濃(nong)化(hua)(hua)渣(zha)、酸甜適度、耐(nai)貯(zhu)耐(nai)運,深受(shou)廣大消費者歡迎,果品(pin)遠銷到俄羅斯(si)、加拿大及東南亞(ya)地區(qu),桔瓣罐(guan)頭出口(kou)到美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、日(ri)本、歐盟。
品質特性
鄂(e)(e)柑是宜(yi)(yi)都蜜柑的主(zhu)(zhu)栽品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),是屬寬皮柑桔(jie)(jie)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。樹(shu)勢較(jiao)(jiao)強(qiang),樹(shu)形較(jiao)(jiao)開(kai)張,葉片(pian)較(jiao)(jiao)大,萌芽率(lv)強(qiang),成(cheng)枝(zhi)力中(zhong)(zhong)等,新梢(shao)柔軟。花芽分化能(neng)力強(qiang),一般為(wei)單(dan)花,以有(you)(you)葉花坐果為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)。主(zhu)(zhu)要結(jie)果母(mu)枝(zhi)為(wei)春(chun)(chun)梢(shao)和早秋梢(shao),以春(chun)(chun)梢(shao)結(jie)果較(jiao)(jiao)好。單(dan)性結(jie)實(shi)(shi),果實(shi)(shi)無核,高(gao)(gao)扁圓形,單(dan)果重125.0克(ke)左右,大小(xiao)較(jiao)(jiao)均(jun)勻,皮薄,可(ke)(ke)(ke)食率(lv)高(gao)(gao),中(zhong)(zhong)心柱較(jiao)(jiao)充實(shi)(shi)。9月下旬(xun)(xun)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)著(zhu)色(se),10月上旬(xun)(xun)成(cheng)熟,剛著(zhu)色(se)時果皮桔(jie)(jie)黃有(you)(you)光澤,完熟時果皮桔(jie)(jie)紅色(se)。抗寒性與龜井溫州蜜柑相(xiang)似,適應性較(jiao)(jiao)強(qiang)。品(pin)質經(jing)農業部食品(pin)質量(liang)監(jian)督檢(jian)測試中(zhong)(zhong)心測定(ding)(ding),維生素C含(han)量(liang)239毫克(ke)/千克(ke),可(ke)(ke)(ke)溶性固(gu)形物10.7%,可(ke)(ke)(ke)滴定(ding)(ding)酸(suan)0.88%,總糖6.80%。風味濃(nong)郁,爽口化渣(zha)。1984~2003年(nian)(nian)(nian)在宜(yi)(yi)昌、老河口等地試驗、試種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),一般新建園三年(nian)(nian)(nian)開(kai)始(shi)(shi)試果,四年(nian)(nian)(nian)株產可(ke)(ke)(ke)達10公(gong)斤,六年(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)進入盛(sheng)果期,一般畝產3000公(gong)斤。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)通過(guo)湖北省農作物品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)(ding)委員會審(shen)(認)定(ding)(ding),品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)(ding)編(bian)號(hao)為(wei)鄂(e)(e)審(shen)果2004001。
產地環境
宜都市(shi)地(di)(di)處長(chang)江中(zhong)游近三峽(xia)出口、鄂西(xi)(xi)南(nan)部(bu)(bu),處于(yu)(yu)江漢(han)平(ping)(ping)(ping)原向(xiang)(xiang)鄂西(xi)(xi)山區的(de)過渡地(di)(di)帶(dai)。版圖面積1357平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)公里(li)。地(di)(di)勢(shi)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)高、東北(bei)低,由(you)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)向(xiang)(xiang)東北(bei)傾斜,是(shi)一個(ge)丘陵起伏的(de)半山區。東部(bu)(bu)丘陵,海(hai)拔在50-250米,沿長(chang)江及清江出口地(di)(di)勢(shi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)坦,土地(di)(di)肥沃,中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)丘陵、沖溝與崗地(di)(di)交錯,但坡度較緩,形(xing)成平(ping)(ping)(ping)畈,是(shi)該(gai)市(shi)糧(liang)油(you)和(he)農特產品的(de)主要產地(di)(di)。該(gai)市(shi)位于(yu)(yu)北(bei)緯30°06′-30°36′,東經(jing)111°06′-111°36′,季(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)明(ming)顯,屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)亞熱帶(dai)季(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)氣(qi)(qi)候。具有四季(ji)(ji)分明(ming),氣(qi)(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)和(he),雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)充(chong)沛,光照充(chong)足(zu),嚴冬酷暑時(shi)(shi)間短等特點。年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均日照時(shi)(shi)數為1657.7小時(shi)(shi)。全市(shi)年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為16.7℃,日極(ji)(ji)端最(zui)高氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為40.8℃,日極(ji)(ji)端最(zui)低氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)為-13.8℃。春季(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)變幅較大,夏季(ji)(ji)晴熱酷暑,秋季(ji)(ji)氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)下降(jiang)迅速,冬季(ji)(ji)嚴冬短暫。80%的(de)年份1月份平(ping)(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)(qi)溫(wen)(wen)高于(yu)(yu)4℃,為柑桔、茶葉、油(you)桐等作物(wu)安全越冬提(ti)供了保障。多(duo)年平(ping)(ping)(ping)均降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)為1235.4mm,最(zui)多(duo)年降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)為1869.0mm,最(zui)少年降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)為757.2mm。在作物(wu)生(sheng)長(chang)季(ji)(ji)節(4至10月)全市(shi)各地(di)(di)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)超(chao)過1000mm占(zhan)80%以上(shang),能滿足(zu)作物(wu)正常生(sheng)長(chang)需(xu)要,極(ji)(ji)適(shi)合(he)柑橘(ju)(ju)的(de)生(sheng)產發展,是(shi)中(zhong)國柑橘(ju)(ju)區劃中(zhong)寬皮(pi)柑橘(ju)(ju)最(zui)適(shi)宜區。