【充(chong)電站(zhan)(zhan)組成】汽車(che)充(chong)電站(zhan)(zhan)設備組成部分 充(chong)電站(zhan)(zhan)基礎知識

一、充電站結構原理

（1）充電站基本結構：

箱式電動汽車快速充電站由1、初級(ji)一次側充電(dian)機（為再生儲(chu)能(neng)蓄(xu)電(dian)池充電(dian)）；2、儲(chu)能蓄(xu)電池；3、次(ci)級二次(ci)側快速(su)充電機（為電動汽車充電）；4、再生蓄(xu)電池檢修機；5、計費控制系統；6、線纜配(pei)電系；7、機房組(zu)成(cheng)。

（2）充電站工作原理：

平(ping)時(shi)（夜間優(you)先(xian)）電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力通過初級(ji)(ji)一次(ci)側充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機向(xiang)(xiang)再生(sheng)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)進行儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，由于儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)沒有(you)時(shi)間要(yao)求(qiu)，因(yin)而(er)可用(yong)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流慢速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流可根據蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)自動(dong)安排充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)間，最(zui)(zui)大程度的(de)使用(yong)夜間低谷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力。當需要(yao)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車的(de)允許最(zui)(zui)大充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，通過次(ci)級(ji)(ji)二次(ci)側快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機向(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車進行快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，由于充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程是(shi)從(cong)(cong)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)向(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車“倒電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”，而(er)不是(shi)直接取自電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網，因(yin)而(er)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網沒有(you)任何干擾(rao)（如果直接從(cong)(cong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網高(gao)功率取電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，會嚴(yan)重干擾(rao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網，不僅影響其他(ta)用(yong)戶，而(er)且(qie)威(wei)脅電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網設備）。 充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)費用(yong)按實際充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)計算，非常方便。

箱內設備采(cai)用模塊式設計，配有再生蓄電池專(zhuan)用維修設備。

充電站(zhan)采用第(di)一次現場拼裝，之(zhi)后像集裝箱一樣(yang)可(ke)以根據需(xu)要進(jin)行整體移動。

偏遠公路和用電無保障地(di)域可采用太陽能(neng)和風能(neng)等形(xing)式，原理相同(tong)。

輸入電壓：- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 交流220V ±10%（電壓范圍200V-240V）

輸出電流：- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5A-16A(根據電池(chi)電壓自動(dong)調整）

輸出功率：- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 單路180W-500W（根據電池組(zu)電壓自(zi)動調整)

充電范圍：- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 鉛酸蓄電(dian)池（12V-24V-36V-48V-60V-64V-72V-84V)

騎行里程：- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 與電池(chi)狀態、氣溫、騎行路況(kuang)、載重(zhong)等(deng)因素有(you)關！

投幣計數：- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 最大投幣計數顯示(shi)9999(超出自動置(zhi)零(ling)重(zhong)新(xin)計數）

輸出線長：- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3.5米（含(han)機內(nei)長度）

輸出接頭：- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5合(he)1（圓頭(tou)、方口(kou)(kou)、反方口(kou)(kou)、澳柯瑪、萬能口(kou)(kou)）

輸入線長：- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1.8米（含機(ji)內(nei)長度(du)）

二、充電站應用介紹

（1）公共停(ting)車(che)場(chang)：停(ting)車(che)場(chang)是(shi)(shi)社會充電(dian)站最佳(jia)的(de)地方(fang)之一(yi)，交通方(fang)便、出入(ru)方(fang)便。可與(yu)停(ting)車(che)場(chang)租用一(yi)個車(che)位，甚至是(shi)(shi)便角落位置即可，可以留有2個充電車位（由于是短時充電，甚至都不(bu)用(yong)專(zhuan)用(yong)充電車位，按充電車數交(jiao)一(yi)定費用(yong)即可）。

（2）大型購物中心：此地放置充電站必然會受到購物中心歡迎，充電的人會順便購買商品（在哪里買都是買，正好利用充電的10-20分(fen)鐘購物(wu)），這樣(yang)，可(ke)與(yu)購物(wu)中(zhong)心(xin)實現雙贏。

（3）可停車的路(lu)邊(bian)地：城市停車越來越難，許多非主干道，都(dou)被允(yun)許用來臨時(shi)停車，由于(yu)箱式電動汽車快(kuai)速充電站占用的地方(fang)非常小(xiao)（小(xiao)于(yu)20㎡），可供箱式電(dian)動汽車快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)站(zhan)放置的位置非常多，并且根據需要進行隨時移動。

（4）高速(su)(su)路服務區：在高速(su)(su)路服務區設(she)置(zhi)幾(ji)座箱式電動汽車快(kuai)速(su)(su)充電站，就可連接(jie)周邊城市。數量(liang)不多(duo)，但意(yi)義很(hen)大，它將(jiang)大大增加(jia)電動汽車用戶的信心(xin)。

（5）居住(zhu)小區：這是最貼(tie)近用戶的(de)地方，雖然小區內(nei)可(ke)以(yi)設置許(xu)多慢速(su)充(chong)電樁，但有急事需要(yao)外出是幾乎每(mei)個人都可(ke)能遇(yu)到的(de)事情，慢速(su)充(chong)電站必須與快(kuai)速(su)充(chong)電站結合起(qi)來才能發揮作用。

（6）單(dan)(dan)位(wei)、寫(xie)字樓等(deng)：一(yi)般單(dan)(dan)位(wei)與(yu)寫(xie)字樓都(dou)有停車場地，單(dan)(dan)位(wei)購(gou)置充電站不僅可(ke)為本單(dan)(dan)位(wei)的電動汽車服務，也可(ke)為本單(dan)(dan)位(wei)員工電動汽車服務，當然也可(ke)允許社會車輛快速充電。

（7）特殊景(jing)區，重(zhong)要國道(dao)、偏遠(yuan)公路和(he)用(yong)電無保障地域(yu)擔憂須充電需(xu)求的地域(yu)可采用(yong)太陽能和(he)風能等能源形(xing)式儲能充電。

（8）改裝部分應(ying)(ying)急充電(dian)車，對因電(dian)能(neng)耗盡拋錨路(lu)邊的(de)電(dian)動汽車進(jin)行(xing)應(ying)(ying)急充電(dian)

三、電動汽車充電方法

電動汽車蓄電池放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后，用直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)按與(yu)(yu)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流相反的(de)方向通過(guo)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，使它(ta)恢(hui)復工作能力，這個(ge)過(guo)程稱(cheng)為蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)正極(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)正極(ji)(ji)相聯(lian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)負極(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)負極(ji)(ji)相聯(lian)，充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓必須高于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)總電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)勢。充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式有(you)恒電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和恒電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)兩(liang)種。

電動汽(qi)車充電技(ji)術充電方法(fa)的研究：

常規充電制度是依據1940年(nian)前國際公認的(de)經驗法則設(she)計的(de)。其中最(zui)著名的(de)就是“安(an)培小時(shi)(shi)規(gui)則”：充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)流安(an)培數，不應超過蓄電(dian)池(chi)待充(chong)電(dian)的(de)安(an)時(shi)(shi)數。實際上，常規(gui)充(chong)電(dian)的(de)速度被(bei)蓄電(dian)池(chi)在充(chong)電(dian)過程中的(de)溫升(sheng)和氣體(ti)的(de)產生所(suo)限制。這個現(xian)象對蓄電(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)所(suo)必須(xu)的(de)最(zui)短時(shi)(shi)間具有重要意義。

恒流充電法

恒流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)是用調(diao)整充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓或(huo)改變(bian)與蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)串聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻的方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)，保(bao)持充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)強(qiang)度不變(bian)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)。控制方(fang)(fang)法(fa)(fa)簡(jian)單，但由于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的可接受電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)能力是隨著充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)的進行(xing)而逐漸下降的，到充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)期，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)多(duo)用于電(dian)(dian)(dian)解水，產生氣體，使出氣過甚，因此(ci)，常選用階段充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)法(fa)(fa)。

階段充電法

此方(fang)法(fa)包括二階(jie)段充電(dian)法(fa)和(he)三階(jie)段充電(dian)法(fa)

①二階(jie)(jie)段法(fa)(fa)采(cai)用恒(heng)電流和恒(heng)電壓(ya)相結合的(de)(de)(de)快速充電方法(fa)(fa)，首先，以恒(heng)電流充電至(zhi)預定的(de)(de)(de)電壓(ya)值(zhi)，然(ran)后，改為恒(heng)電壓(ya)完成剩余的(de)(de)(de)充電。一般兩階(jie)(jie)段之間的(de)(de)(de)轉換電壓(ya)就是第(di)二階(jie)(jie)段的(de)(de)(de)恒(heng)電壓(ya)。

②三階段(duan)充電(dian)法在充電(dian)開始和(he)結(jie)束時采用(yong)恒電(dian)流(liu)充電(dian)，中間用(yong)恒電(dian)壓充電(dian)。當電(dian)流(liu)衰(shuai)減到(dao)預(yu)定值時，由第二階段(duan)轉(zhuan)換到(dao)第三階段(duan)。這種方(fang)(fang)法可以將出氣(qi)量減到(dao)最少，但(dan)作為(wei)一(yi)種快速(su)充電(dian)方(fang)(fang)法使用(yong)，受到(dao)一(yi)定的限制。

恒壓充電法

充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓在全部(bu)充電(dian)(dian)時間里(li)保持恒定的(de)(de)數值(zhi)，隨著(zhu)蓄電(dian)(dian)池端電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)逐漸(jian)升(sheng)高(gao)，電(dian)(dian)流逐漸(jian)減(jian)(jian)少。與恒流充電(dian)(dian)法相(xiang)比，其充電(dian)(dian)過程更(geng)接近(jin)于(yu)最佳充電(dian)(dian)曲線。用恒定電(dian)(dian)壓快速充電(dian)(dian)，由(you)于(yu)充電(dian)(dian)初期蓄電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)動勢較低，充電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流很大，隨著(zhu)充電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)進行，電(dian)(dian)流將逐漸(jian)減(jian)(jian)少，因此，只(zhi)需(xu)簡易控制系(xi)統。

這種(zhong)充(chong)(chong)電方法(fa)電解水很(hen)少，避免了(le)蓄(xu)電池(chi)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)。但在充(chong)(chong)電初期電流過(guo)大，對(dui)蓄(xu)電池(chi)壽命造成很(hen)大影響，且容易使(shi)(shi)蓄(xu)電池(chi)極(ji)板彎曲，造成電池(chi)報(bao)廢。鑒于這種(zhong)缺點，恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)電很(hen)少使(shi)(shi)用，只(zhi)有在充(chong)(chong)電電源電壓低而電流大時(shi)采用。例(li)如(ru)，汽(qi)車運行(xing)過(guo)程中(zhong)，蓄(xu)電池(chi)就是以(yi)恒(heng)壓充(chong)(chong)電法(fa)充(chong)(chong)電的。

快速充電法

①脈沖式充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)法，這種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)法不僅遵(zun)循蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池固有的(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)接(jie)受(shou)(shou)率(lv)，而且能夠提(ti)高電(dian)動汽車蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)接(jie)受(shou)(shou)率(lv)，從而打破了(le)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池指數充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)接(jie)受(shou)(shou)曲線的(de)限(xian)制(zhi)，這也是蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)池充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)理論(lun)的(de)新發展。

脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方式首先是用脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，然后讓電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)停充(chong)(chong)一段時(shi)間，如此循(xun)環(huan)。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)使(shi)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)，而間歇(xie)期使(shi)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)經化(hua)學反應產生的氧(yang)氣(qi)(qi)和(he)氫氣(qi)(qi)有時(shi)間重新化(hua)合而被(bei)吸收掉，使(shi)下一輪的應恒流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能夠(gou)更加順利地(di)進行，使(shi)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)可以吸收更多(duo)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)。間歇(xie)脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)使(shi)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)有較充(chong)(chong)分的反應時(shi)間，減少了(le)析氣(qi)(qi)量(liang)，提高了(le)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流接受率(lv)。

②2REFLEXTM快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)法(fa)，這(zhe)種(zhong)技術是美國的(de)(de)(de)一項專利技術，它主要面(mian)對(dui)(dui)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)對(dui)(dui)象是鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。由于它采用(yong)了新(xin)型的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方法(fa)，解決(jue)了鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)記憶(yi)效應(ying)，因(yin)此，大大降(jiang)低了蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間。鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方法(fa)和(he)對(dui)(dui)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)狀態的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)測方法(fa)與鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)有很大的(de)(de)(de)不同(tong)，但它們之(zhi)間可以相(xiang)互借REFLEXTM充電(dian)法(fa)的一個工作周期包(bao)括正向充電(dian)脈沖，反向瞬間放電(dian)脈沖，停充維持3個(ge)階(jie)段。

③變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流間(jian)歇充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法，這種(zhong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法建立(li)在(zai)恒流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)脈沖充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的基(ji)礎上。其特點是將(jiang)恒流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)段改為限(xian)壓(ya)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流間(jian)歇充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)段。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)前期(qi)的各(ge)段采用變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流間(jian)歇充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的方法，保證加大充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，獲得(de)絕大部分充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后期(qi)采用定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)段，獲得(de)過充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量，將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池恢復至(zhi)完全充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)態。通(tong)過間(jian)歇停充(chong)(chong)，使蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池經化學反應產生的氧氣和(he)氫氣有時間(jian)重新(xin)化合而被(bei)吸(xi)收(shou)掉，使下一(yi)輪的恒流充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能夠(gou)更加順(shun)利地進行，使蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池可以(yi)吸(xi)收(shou)更多的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量。

④變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)間(jian)歇(xie)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法，在變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)間(jian)歇(xie)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法的基礎上又有人(ren)提出了變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)間(jian)歇(xie)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)法。與變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)間(jian)歇(xie)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方法不(bu)同之處在于第一階段(duan)的不(bu)是(shi)間(jian)歇(xie)恒流(liu)(liu)(liu)，而是(shi)間(jian)歇(xie)恒壓(ya)。在每個(ge)恒電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)階段(duan)，由于是(shi)恒壓(ya)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)自然按照指數規律下(xia)降，符(fu)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)可(ke)接受率隨(sui)著充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的進(jin)行逐漸下(xia)降的特點。

⑤變電壓變電流波浪式間歇正負零脈沖快速充電法，合脈沖充電法、ReflexTM快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)法(fa)、變電(dian)(dian)流間歇(xie)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)法(fa)及(ji)變電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)間歇(xie)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)法(fa)的優點(dian)，變電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)變電(dian)(dian)流波浪(lang)式(shi)正負零脈(mo)沖(chong)間歇(xie)快速(su)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)法(fa)得到(dao)發展應(ying)用(yong)。脈(mo)沖(chong)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)法(fa)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)路的控制一般有兩種：

1）脈沖電(dian)流的幅值可變，而PWM（驅動充(chong)放(fang)電開(kai)關(guan)管）信號的(de)(de)頻率是固定的(de)(de)；

2）脈(mo)沖電流幅值(zhi)固定不變，PWM信號的頻(pin)率可調。

脈沖電流幅值和PWM信號的頻率均固(gu)定，PWM占空比(bi)可調，在此基礎(chu)上(shang)加入間歇停充階段，能(neng)夠在較(jiao)短的時(shi)間內充進更多的電(dian)量，提高(gao)蓄電(dian)池的充電(dian)接受能(neng)力。